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Starting from 2014, the Indonesian government has implemented Universal Health Coverage (UHC) with the aim to make healthcare services accessible and affordable to all Indonesian citizens. A major reason for childhood cancer treatment failure in low- and middle-income countries, particularly among families with low socioeconomic status (SES), is abandonment of expensive cancer treatment. Our study compared childhood cancer treatment outcomes of the overall, low, and high SES population before and after introduction of UHC at a large Indonesian academic hospital.

Medical records of 1040 patients diagnosed with childhood cancer before (2011-2013, n=506) and after (2014-2016, n=534) introduction of UHC were abstracted retrospectively. Data on treatment outcome, SES, and health-insurance status at diagnosis were obtained.

After introduction of UHC, the number of insured patients increased from 38% to 82% (P<0.001). Among low SES population, insurance coverage increased from 40% to 85% (P<0.001), and among high SES population from 33% to 77% (P<0.001). In the overall population, treatment abandonment decreased from 36% to 22% (P<0.001). Event-free survival estimates at four years after diagnosis of overall population improved from 16% to 22% (P<0.001). Hazard ratio for treatment failure was 1.26 (CI 1.07-1.48, P=0.006) for uninsured versus insured patients. In the low SES population, treatment abandonment decreased from 36% to 19% (P<0.001). Event-free survival estimates at four years after diagnosis of low SES population improved from 14% to 22% (P<0.001).

Introduction of UHC in Indonesia contributed significantly to better treatment outcome and event-free survival of children with cancer from low SES families.

Introduction of UHC in Indonesia contributed significantly to better treatment outcome and event-free survival of children with cancer from low SES families.Effective control on chemoselectivity in the catalytic hydrogenation of C=O over C=C bonds is uncommon with Pd-based catalysts because of the favored adsorption of C=C bonds on Pd surface. Here we report a unique orthorhombic PdSn intermetallic phase with unprecedented chemoselectivity toward C=O hydrogenation. We observed the formation and metastability of this PdSn phase in situ. During a natural cooling process, the PdSn nanoparticles readily revert to the favored Pd3 Sn2 phase. Instead, using a thermal quenching method, we prepared a pure-phase PdSn nanocatalyst. PdSn shows an >96 % selectivity toward hydrogenating C=O bonds of various α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, highest in reported Pd-based catalysts. Further study suggests that efficient quenching prevents the reversion from PdSn- to Pd3 Sn2 -structured surface, the key to the desired catalytic performance. Density functional theory calculations and analysis of reaction kinetics provide an explanation for the observed high selectivity.

The consistent prevalence and occasionally severe consequences of bullying and victimization suggest the need to include a more accurate assessment of these episodes within the Emergency Departments (ED). However, the literature on mental health related symptoms of bullying/victimization treated in the ED is still scarce. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of peer victimization amongst children and adolescents referred to an Italian Pediatric Emergency Department. Differences between Hospital Departments, type of victimization and ages are tested.

A retrospective observational study was conducted with 705 subjects. The age range was from 6 to 18 years old (M = 13.09; SD = 3.048).

15.3% of the sample reported to be victimized (8.2% occasionally; 7.1% systematically). For the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, we found a significant association between peer victimization and being adolescent (Fisher's p = 0.003). In addition, a significant association was found between verbal victimization and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (Fisher's p = 0.02) and physical victimization and Child Abuse Department (Fisher's p < 0.001).

Findings suggest the importance of an accurate assessment of victimization experiences of children and adolescents with access to ED, to prevent future re-victimization and crystallization of symptoms across time.

Findings suggest the importance of an accurate assessment of victimization experiences of children and adolescents with access to ED, to prevent future re-victimization and crystallization of symptoms across time.Site-selective incorporation of deuterium into biologically active compounds is of high interest in pharmaceutical industry. We present a mild and environmentally benign metal-free method for the remote selective radical C-H monodeuteration of aliphatic C-H bonds in various amides with inexpensive heavy water (D2 O) as the deuterium source. The method uses the easily installed N-allylsulfonyl moiety as an N-radical precursor that generates the remote C-radical via site-selective 1,5- or 1,6-hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). Methyl thioglycolate, that readily exchanges its proton with D2 O, serves as the radical deuteration reagent and as a chain-carrier. The highly site-selective monodeuteration has been applied to different types of unactivated sp3 -C-H bonds and also to the deuteration of C-H bonds next to heteroatoms. The potential utility of this method is further demonstrated by the site-selective incorporation of deuterium into natural product derivatives and drugs.

This study aimed to describe and summarize research concerning organizational justice among registered nurses.

Over the recent decades, a number of studies have explored organizational justice. Perceived high organizational justice among employees has been found to correlate with multiple beneficial outcomes, such as job satisfaction, commitment and improved physical and mental health. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Rapamycin.html By contrast, low organizational justice is related to poor productivity, atmosphere at work, health and well-being.

This study is a scoping review.

Seven databases were used to search for peer-reviewed publications published between January 2015 and August 2019.

This scoping review utilized Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework.

High organizational justice has been found to improve registered nurses' work-related outcomes, health and well-being. Low organizational justice has been linked to undesired work-related outcomes and health problems.

Nurse managers play a key role in promoting organizational justice.