Hesselberglauritzen6138
Burundi is currently not meeting targets for elimination of trachoma and trichiasis by 2020 (GET2020). The recommended SAFE strategy (Surgery, antibiotics, face washing and environmental improvement) is currently not fully implemented in many areas of Burundi. The existence of associations between face-washing, sanitation and trachoma prevalence remain undocumented.
A convenience sample of 468 individuals from 117 households was drawn from attendees at trachoma clinics set up in four villages. Trachoma status, sex and age were recorded for all household members. Adult household members were surveyed about access to clean water and toilets, and knowledge of trachoma risk factors. Associations between cases of active trachoma per household and environmental risk factors were evaluated using generalised estimating equations.
The overall prevalence of active trachoma was 7.1% (95% CI 5.0-9.6%), but 19.5% (95% CI13.7-26.4%) in children under nine years old. 0.9% (95% CI 0.3-2.0) of participants had trichiasis. Access to a sanitary toilet more than halved the odds of active trachoma (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.25-0.74%), however, participants did not appreciate this association.
Access to sanitation was associated with the occurrence of active trachoma. Future research should focus on whether improving knowledge of and access to sanitation might reduce trachoma prevalence.
Access to sanitation was associated with the occurrence of active trachoma. Future research should focus on whether improving knowledge of and access to sanitation might reduce trachoma prevalence.
species are multi-resistant bacteria with ability to cause opportunistic infections.
We isolated 45
species from soil, sewage and the clinic with the aim of investigating their susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobial agents.
The identities of isolates were confirmed with 16S rRNA gene sequence and MALDI-TOF analysis. Anti-microbial resistance, biofilm production and clonal diversity were also evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentration technique as described by Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute CLSI Guidelines (CLSI) was employed for the evaluation of isolate susceptibility to antibiotics.
Forty-five
species which include 36 environmental strains and 9 clinical strains of
were considered in this study. 32 (88.9 %) environmental strains were identified to be
, 2 (5.6 %) were
, and 2 (5.6 %) cluster as
spp.
isolates were resistant to at least six of the antibiotics tested, including
/
(
).
Environmental isolates from this study were resistant to SXT which is commonly used for the treatment of
infections. This informs the need for good public hygiene as the environment could be a reservoir of multi-resistant bacteria. It also buttresses the importance of surveillance study in the management of bacterial resistance.
Environmental isolates from this study were resistant to SXT which is commonly used for the treatment of S. maltophilia infections. This informs the need for good public hygiene as the environment could be a reservoir of multi-resistant bacteria. It also buttresses the importance of surveillance study in the management of bacterial resistance.
Central line-associated bloodstream infections continue to be one of the most important health problems in ICU.
To identify the central line-related bloodstream infections and their microbiological characteristics Specific objectives to the identify the incidence, predisposing factors of central line-related bloodstream Infections and study the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the isolated organisms.
Patients' demographic, clinical data, central venous catheter related data,and blood culture specimen collection data were collected utilizing a descriptive exploratory design from a purposive sample of 120 ICU patients underwent insertion central venous catheter.
out of 120 central line catheters sent for culture from patients immediately and seven days after insertion., 13(10.83%) were positive seven days after insertion. ICI-118551 in vivo Of the 13 infection cases, 10 cases were
and the others were
In addition, most infected patients were overweight and obese, diabetic, had sub-clavian route, and their length of hospital stayed more than7 days.
10.83 % developed bacterial blood stream infection 7 days after insertion of central venous catheters, and most of bacterial isolates were
and were sensitive to Vancomycin and Amikain.
10.83 % developed bacterial blood stream infection 7 days after insertion of central venous catheters, and most of bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus epidermis and were sensitive to Vancomycin and Amikain.
South Africa is one of the countries in Africa adversely affected by rabies, a notifiable disease which can be fatal. Fatalities can be prevented if health care is sought timeously and people are educated about the disease. The Province of Kwa-Zulu-Natal, in particular, has had rabies outbreaks in the past which have led to loss of many lives and devastation of entire families.
The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of people affected by rabies in the eThekwini district of Kwa-Zulu-Natal, South Africa.
The study was guided by a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive design. The sample was purposively selected, and a semi-structured interview was used to collect data from people affected by rabies in the eThekwini district. Data saturation was reached after 12 participants were interviewed. Data was analysed by using Tesch's eight steps of thematic analysis.
The themes included family stability and support structures, exposure to risk factors and risky practices, factors that hindered participants from seeking health care assistance, limited knowledge about rabies and the effects of rabies.
It was evident that participants experienced many challenges during their rabies exposure. Individuals, who were directly affected by rabies through contact with rabid animals, were expected to take responsibility for their own lives.
It was evident that participants experienced many challenges during their rabies exposure. Individuals, who were directly affected by rabies through contact with rabid animals, were expected to take responsibility for their own lives.
