Herndonrye3407

Fifty-one liver tissue biopsies of full-term stillbirths from HIV-mono-infected mothers were investigated. All morphometric indices of non-parenchymal liver cells were calculated using the Avtandilov microscopic morphometric grid, which consisted of 100 equidistant points. It was inserted into the microscope ocular tube with a total × 200 microscope magnification. The number of points that were found in the corresponding types of non-parenchymal liver cells determined by immunohistochemistry was calculated. In each case, 10 random microscopic areas were selected and then all data were obtained, calculated and presented as percentages. Morphometric indices of non-parenchymal liver cells Kupffer cells - 28.3±2.9% [control - 21.2 ±2.5], hepatic stellate cells - 14.1 ±1.4% [control - 9.8 ±1.2], LAL (liver-associated lymphocytes) CD4 - 29.2 ±2.2% [control - 43.3 ±4.9], CD8 - 25.3 ±1.9% [control - 23.1 ±1.7], dendritic cells - 3.9 ±0.3% [control - 2.6 ±0.3]. It was established that at the time of the birth of children from HIV-mono-infected mothers the Kupffer cells showed signs of their proliferation and liver-associated CD4 lymphocytes showed signs of their reduction; hepatic stellate cells showed signs of their proliferation and hyperactivation; dendritic liver cells showed signs of their proliferation.Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the most important risk factor for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma. It develops through a progressive sequence of histologic and molecular events that begin with metaplasia and then progresses through various stages of dysplasia. Matrix metalloproteinases are involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix and play an important role in tumor progression. L-α-Phosphatidylcholine nmr The immunohistochemical expression of MMP-1, TIMP-2 and p53 in 111 samples from 45 patients diagnosed with BE with and without dysplasia and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus was retrospectively studied, and statistical analysis was conducted to measure the association between their expression and the degree of dysplasia present. MMP-1 was expressed in 33.3% of the samples studied, mainly in the adenocarcinoma subgroup with up to 40% positive cases (p = 0.494). In contrast, TIMP-2 was expressed in 25.2% of the samples, and no positive cases were identified in the adenocarcinoma subgroup (p = 0.037). Aberrant p53 expression was observed in 81.4% of the samples diagnosed with some degree of dysplasia (p less then 0.001). MMP-1 showed no statistically significant differences between diagnostic entities. A statistically significant loss of TIMP-2 expression was observed in distal esophageal adenocarcinoma samples, which contrasts with the aberrant expression of p53 in dysplastic cases.Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and is associated with a high level of mortality and morbidity. In this study we evaluate expression of p-p38 and p-MSK1 in CRC and determine whether there is an association between expression of these markers and any clinicopathologic parameters that could be of prognostic value. Expression of p-p38, p-MSK1 and ki-67 were examined by immunohistochemistry in 135 archival CRC cases and the findings were correlated with the patient clinicopathological data. P-p38 and p-MSK1 were expressed at high level in 58.5 % and 60.7% of CRC cases respectively. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between expression of p-p38 and Ki-67 (p less then 0.001, r = -0.63) and between p-MSK1 and Ki-67 expression (p less then 0.001, r = -0.61). The majority of CRC cases expressing high levels of p-p38 also expressed high levels of p-MSK1 and this correlation was highly significant (p less then 0.001, r = 0.863). The high expression of p-p38 and p-MSK1 was also significantly associated with low Dukes and TNM stage. The elevated expression of p-38 and p-MSK1 in CRC was associated with a good prognosis and prolonged overall survival (p less then 0.001, each). Our finding showed that activation of the p38-MSK1 axis determines a good outcome in CRC.Serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) is an ovarian cancer with a high fatality rate. Therefore, a lot of researchers have tried to identify novel prognostic biomarkers which might improve the patient prognosis. The aims of the study were to detect the tissue protein expression of Beclin-1 in addition to HIF-1α in SOC patients, to evaluate the relationship between their expression, the clinicopathological parameters, patients' prognosis, and the relation to chemotherapy resistance in SOC. We evaluated the expression of Beclin-1 in addition to HIF-1α in 60 patients with SOC using immunohistochemistry, followed all patients for about 36 months, analyzed associations between both markers' expression, clinicopathological data, and patients' prognosis. Beclin-1 expression was related to low grade (p = 0.002), early SOC stage, absence of peritoneal spread (p = 0.006), and absence of lymph nodes, and distant metastases (p = 0.004 and less then 0.001 respectively), while HIF-1α expression was associated with higher grade and stage (p = 0.007), and presence of nodal and distant metastases (p less then 0.001 and = 0.012 respectively). High Beclin-1 expression and low HIF-1α expression were positively associated with good response to chemotherapy (p = 0.047 and p = 0.022 respectively), a lower recurrence rate after successful therapy (p = 0.006 and less then 0.001 respectively), and increased three-year recurrence-free and overall survival rates (p less then 0.001). In SOC patients; Beclin-1 is a good prognostic marker, while HIF-1α is a poor prognostic marker.Discriminating thyroid and parathyroid lesions may sometimes pose a diagnostic difficulty. Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) display various cytologic and architectural features that resemble other thyroid and even rarely some parathyroid neoplasms. Moreover, some MTCs may have negative serum calcitonin, rendering them difficult to diagnose. Hence, to reach an appropriate diagnosis in problematic cases of these three categories - thyroid lesions, MTC and parathyroid lesions - the use of several immunohistochemical panels has been suggested and applied. However, conventional markers are not always conclusive in problematic cases. Thus, in the current study we aim to evaluate the diagnostic utility of using GATA3 and INSM1 (insulinoma-associated protein 1) as novel nuclear markers to be applied as an adjunct in case of histopathologic suspicion. A retrospective study was carried out on samples of lesions from three groups group 1 thyroid lesions (27), group 2 medullary thyroid carcinoma (25); 1/25 had negative serum levels of calcitonin, and group 3 parathyroid lesions (36).