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01) predicted higher amounts of subsequent sedentary behavior. The context moderated the effect of energetic arousal and calmness on sedentary behavior with increased effects in the home compared to the work context. Mood significantly predicted sedentary behavior on a within-subject level but not on a between-subject level. Preliminary evidence suggests that mood regulates sedentary behavior in everyday life. Time-sensitive analyses, such as from moment to moment revealed an association between mood and sedentary behavior (within-subject), whereas analyses between different individuals revealed no associations (between-subject). These preliminary findings may inform multicomponent intervention strategies that target mood, to reduce sedentary behavior in daily life. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Photoinduced charge separation in supramolecular aggregates of π-conjugated molecules is a fundamental photophysical process, and a key criterion for the development of advanced organic electronics materials. Here, we report on the self-assembly of novel low-bandgap chromophores into helical one-dimensional aggregates due to intermolecular hydrogen-bonding. The chromophores confined in these supramolecular polymers show strong excitonic coupling interactions and give rise to charge-separated states with unusually long lifetimes of several hours and charge densities of up to 5 mol% after illumination with white light. Two-contact devices exhibit increased photoconductivity and can even show Ohmic behavior. Our findings demonstrate that the confinement of organic semiconductors into one-dimensional aggregates results in a considerable stabilization of charge carriers for a variety of π-conjugated systems, which may have implications for the design of future organic electronic materials. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Resistance training (RT) may improve metabolic health; however, the extent of its effectiveness is constantly evaluated to assess improvements in the group means, thus obscuring the heterogeneous individual effects. This study investigated inter-individual variation in responses to RT as reflected in metabolic health indicators and how age, sex, nutrition and pre-training phenotypes are associated with such variabilities. METHODS Previously collected data of men and women (39-73 years, 135 trained, 73 non-trained controls) were pooled for analysis. Measurements were taken twice before training to estimate individual day-to-day variations and measurement errors (n=208). The individual responsiveness to the 21-week RT in cardiometabolic health indicators (i.e., systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), cholesterol and triglycerides) was determined. Body composition was estimated by bioimpedance and dietary intake according to four-day food diaries. RESULTS Metabolic responses to RT seemed to be highly individual, and both beneficial and unfavourable changes were observed. Large inter-individual variations in training response were not explained by a subject's age, sex, body composition or nutritional status, with the exception of improvements in HDL-C, which were associated with simultaneous decreases in body fat in older women. The incidence of metabolic syndrome diminished following RT. CONCLUSION This study showed that RT could improve some specific metabolic health indicators beyond normal day-to-day variations, especially in blood lipid profile. Further studies are needed to elucidate genetic and other mechanisms underlining the heterogeneity of RT responses. This knowledge may be useful in providing individually tailored exercise prescriptions as part of personalised preventative health care. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Change of molecular properties with pressure is an attracting means to regulate molecular reactivity or biological activity. However, the effect is usually small and so far explored rather scarcely. To obtain a deeper insight and estimate the sensitivity of vibrational optical activity spectra to pressure-induced conformational changes, we investigate small model molecules. The Ala-Ala dipeptide, isomaltose disaccharide and adenine-uracil dinucleotide were chosen to represent three different biomolecular classes. The pressure effects were modeled by molecular dynamics and density functional theory simulations. The dinucleotide was found to be the most sensitive to the pressure, whereas for the disaccharide the smallest changes are predicted. Pressure-induced relative intensity changes in vibrational circular dichroism and Raman optical activity spectra are predicted to be 2-3-times larger than for non-polarized IR and Raman techniques. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.PURPOSE The aim of this nation-wide study was to evaluate the characteristics of bacterial (BI), invasive fungal disease (IFD) and viral infections (VI) in pediatric patients with PID after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). PATIENTS AND METHODS All-in 114 HSCT recipients were enrolled into the study. At least one infectious complication (IC) was diagnosed in 60 (52.6%) patients aged 0.1-17.7 years, i.e. 59.5% with SCID and 49.4% with non-SCID. RESULTS Among 60 HSCT recipients diagnosed with at least one IC, 188 episodes of infectious complications (EIC) were recorded, i.e. 46.8% of BI, 41.5% of VI and 11.7% of proven/probable IFD. According to PID and HSCT donor type the incidence of EIC was comparable (p=0.679). The localization of infections differed significantly due to PID type (p=0.002). After each HSCT donor type the most common site of infection was GI. Overall, BI caused by Gram-positive strains (59.1%) were prevalent, especially Staphylococcaceae. The multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens was diagnosed in 52.3%, especially ESBL+ Enterobacteriaceae. The profile of VI was comparable for SCID and non-SCID patients (p=0.839). The incidence of IFD was comparable for each PID and HSCT donor type. Survival after infection was 91.5% and was comparable for PID and HSCT donor type. CONCLUSIONS The rate of patients diagnosed with IC among pediatric PID HSCT recipients did not depend on PID type, but rather on HSCT donor type. The localization of IC depended on PID and HSCT donor type. Within bacterial infections predominated Gram-positive strains and the MDR pathogens were responsible for more than half of EIC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.To verify a possible synergistic effect of smoking and varicocele on the seminal plasma proteome and biological functions, a cross-sectional study was performed in 25 smokers and 24 nonsmokers. Samples were used for conventional semen analysis, functional analysis (DNA fragmentation, acrosome integrity and mitochondrial activity) and proteomics by a shotgun approach. Functional enrichment of biological pathways was performed in differentially expressed proteins. Smokers presented lower ejaculate volume (p = .027), percentage of progressively motile spermatozoa (p = .002), total sperm count (p = .039), morphology (p = .001) and higher percentage of immotile spermatozoa (p = .03), round cell (p = .045) and neutrophil count (p = .009). Smokers also presented lower mitochondrial activity and acrosome integrity and higher DNA fragmentation. We identified and quantified 421 proteins in seminal plasma, of which one was exclusive, 21 were overexpressed and 70 were underexpressed in the seminal plasma of smokers. The proteins neprilysin, beta-defensin 106A and histone H4A were capable of predicting the smoker group. Enriched functions were related to immune function and sperm machinery in testis/epididymis. Based on our findings, we can conclude that cigarette smoking leads to the establishment of inflammatory protein pathways in the testis/epididymis in the presence of varicocele that seems to act in synergy with the toxic components of the cigarette. © 2020 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.Monitoring ecosystem functions in forests is a priority in a climate change scenario, as climate-induced events may initially alter the functions more than slow-changing attributes, such as biomass. The Ecosystem Functional Properties are quantities that characterize key ecosystem processes. They can be derived by point observations of gas and energy exchanges between the ecosystems and the atmosphere, that are collected globally at FLUXNET flux tower sites and upscaled at ecosystem level. The properties here considered describe the ability of ecosystems to optimize the use of resources for carbon uptake. They represent functional forest information, are dependent on environmental drivers, linked to leaf traits and forest structure, and influenced by climate change effects. The ability of Vegetation Optical Depth to provide forest functional information is investigated using 2011-2014 satellite data collected by the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity mission and using the Ecosystem Functional Properties as refeport the monitoring of functional dynamics. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to clarify the impact of middle hepatic artery reconstruction on the outcomes of duct-to-duct biliary anastomosis after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using the left lobe. MATERIALS AND METHODS Among 258 patients who underwent LDLT using the left lobe, 216 patients who underwent hepatic artery reconstruction and one hepatic duct reconstruction with duct-to-duct interrupted anastomosis were divided into three groups Group A (n = 123), one arterial stump with left hepatic artery reconstruction; Group B (n = 32), two arterial stumps with only left hepatic artery reconstruction; and Group C (n = 61), two arterial stumps with reconstruction of the left and middle hepatic arteries. The outcomes after LDLT were compared among the three groups. RESULTS No hepatic artery complications occurred. Group B had a significantly greater incidence of anastomotic biliary stricture than Group C. A multivariate analysis with Cox regression revealed that being in Group B was the only significant independent risk factor for postoperative anastomotic biliary stricture after LDLT. CONCLUSIONS Middle and left hepatic artery reconstruction is safe in LDLT and may prevent biliary stricture caused by dual hepatic artery reconstruction when the graft has left and middle hepatic artery stumps. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl) is an Amazonian plant whose oil has been widely used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including anti-inflammation. Research reports indicate that the oil can confer antitumor activity due to the presence of fatty acids, which can directly influence cell death mechanisms. Thus, andiroba oil (AO) has gained interest for its potential to be used in antineoplastic therapies. Here, we report an in vitro analysis of the cytotoxic and mutagenic potential of AO in the gastric cancer cell line, ACP02. Cell survival was assessed by the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay, differential staining with ethidium bromide and acridine orange assessed apoptosis-necrosis, and mutagenesis was assessed by the micronucleus test. The apolar oil was first diluted in 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then further diluted to six concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μg/mL and 1 mg/mL) in RPMI medium. Controls included RPMI alone (negative control) and 0.