Herbertennis9850

Energy efficiency needs more improvements especially in medium and small cities in both primary and secondary industries. (3) The efficiency utilization patterns of effective efficiency (EE), potential efficiency (PE) and no efficiency (NE) were categorized, and there were 26 of 65 (40%) counts of indicators performed EE, 31% counts of indicators presented PE and 29% counts of indicators showed NE. The improvement of water efficiency was the key driver to promote the resource efficiency. (4) By comparing current and ideal resource efficiency levels (via SRE), it showed that only 1 city reached to 80% of the ideal efficiency, 3 cities showed 70%, 4 cities showed 60% and 5 cities reached to less than 50% of the ideal resource efficiency. Policy suggestions of optimizing energy structure and pay attention to the comprehensiveness of resource efficiency were provided. This paper could serve as a reference for resource management.Climate change-induced floods in tropical urban areas have presented a serious global challenge because of failed conventional stormwater management practices. This research aims to develop a comprehensive methodological framework for flood damage estimation and mitigation, particularly in a tropical urban city. In this study, interdisciplinary fields were integrated through statistical downscaling, hydrologic-hydraulic modeling, and the development of flood damage curves. Relationships between tangible flood damage and flood-borne outbreak with flood depths were elucidated to predict future damage. Various flood mitigation strategies were evaluated. Herein, Hat Yai Municipality in Southern Thailand was selected as the study area. The flood simulation was conducted for 2010 and the highest flood damage sensitivity was exhibited by non-commercial buildings due to significant commercial stock damage, which was followed by that observed for detached houses. There was a strong linear relationship between the numbined with other measures; consequently, additional measures were needed.The Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus approach should be promoted as a tool for sustainable management of resources through the interconnection of these three fundamental pillars. Particularly, food security must ensure healthy and balanced diets for everyone, but selecting individual indicators to assess all slants covered by this element is not an easy task. Hence, the objective of this paper is two-fold, to review nutrient profiling (NP) models that allow to categorize foods and evaluate diets based on their nutritional quality, and to choose the most appropriate model to be used within a WEF nexus index. To address this issue, a total of 159 documents were assessed, appraising the geographic distribution, and time evolution of the publications, as well as the characteristics and potential applications of the NP systems. The review concludes that the NRF9.3. model is the most liable option to be used in a WEF nexus index, presenting the best characteristics by means of the definition of scores and thresholds, and the use of an 'across-the-board' criteria and a reference quantity of 100 kcal, alongside offering higher ability to assess diets and foods than the other competitive model (HEI) through the evaluation of nutrients to encourage instead of foods. A secondary outcome of the review is the identification of the NP models as a useful tool to enable institutions with information to establish policies in the field of public health and facilitating the decision-making process according to the current healthy claims.On-site sewage treatment systems can be an important source of antibiotic resistant bacteria and organic micropollutants into adjacent groundwater. Due to the frequent proximity of private wells to septic systems, this contamination is a concern to communities that do not have access to public municipal services. In both rural and urban environments, low-income communities, indigenous communities and those of color are disproportionately affected by well contamination. The objective of this study was to assess well water quality in an underserved North Carolina community by performing a comprehensive evaluation of microbial and organic micropollutant occurrence and determining possible sources of contamination. Well water, septic tanks, and adjacent municipal water were sampled. Culture- and molecular biology-based microbial analysis and non-targeted, high resolution mass spectrometry chemical analysis were conducted to assess water quality in comparison to nearby municipal water. Three of thirteen homes had between 1 and 6.3 CFUs/100 mL of E. coli and two homes had fecal bacteria resistant to antibiotics in their well water. The water of four homes showed concentrations of the artificial sweetener sucralose, a wastewater tracer, higher than the municipal water (range ~ 60-1500 ng L-1). The human-specific HF183 fecal marker was detected in 79% of the wells tested. The presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in four home wells, along with the presence of pesticides and insecticides in two homes, suggest possible contamination from septic tanks and lawn care runoff. The implications of this work highlight the necessity of wider scale contaminant evaluation of well water.In this study, we investigated the concentration distribution of parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives in the effluents of 5 municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Beijing, China for eight months. We first identified the coexistence of PAHs, chlorinated PAHs (Cl-PAHs), brominated PAHs (Br-PAHs) and oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs) in the effluents of WWTPs. Three Cl-PAHs and 7 Br-PAHs were first found. Colcemid order The total concentrations of PAHs, Cl-PAHs, Br-PAHs and OPAHs ranged from 8.99-88.38, n.d.-5.70, n.d.-13.11 ng L-1 and 15.47-106.92 ng L-1, respectively. In terms of temporal distributions, the total concentrations of PAHs and OPAHs presented a decreasing trend from April to November and the total concentrations of Cl-PAHs and Br-PAHs fluctuated at lower levels. These results indicated that these compounds will be long-term discharged into the receiving river. In addition, Cl-PAHs, Br-PAHs and OPAHs were likely generated by transformations occurring during chlorination disinfection.