Hendrixelgaard5024

to be adopted at other universities.

Characteristics of laboratory findings of COVID-19 patients are of great significance for diagnosis and treatment. Studies that have analysed the variations in hepatic profile in correlation with the inflammatory markers in SARS-CoV-2 are limited.

We retrospectively analysed liver function tests and inflammatory markers of 170 admitted patients with confirmed COVID-19 in the tertiary care centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), India, using Roche Cobas Autoanalyzer.

Number of patients with normal liver enzyme levels were 63 (41.5%), while with raised levels of any of the liver enzymes were 89 (58.5%), out of which 43 (48.31%) had liver injury which manifested as increased severity in terms of intensive care unit (ICU) requirement (p=0.0005). Significantly raised levels of liver enzymes and liver injury were observed with age (p<0.0001) and in males (p=0.004). Significantly decreased levels of albumin and total proteins and increased levels of total bilirubin (p<0 abnormal liver function were elderly and males and were at higher risk of progressing to severe disease.

Surgical career progression is determined by examination success and Annual Review of Competence Progression (ARCP) outcome, yet data on organisational skills are sparse. This study aimed to determine whether organisational skills related to Core Surgical Training (CST) outcome. Primary outcome measures include operative experience, publications, examination success (Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons or the Diploma in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (MRCS/DO-HNS)) and ARCP outcome.

The study was conducted prospectively at three consecutive CST induction boot camps (2017-2019) providing clinical and simulation training for 125 trainees. Arrival time at course registration was the selected surrogate for organisational skills. Trainees were advised to arrive promptly at 845 for registration and that the course would start at 900. Trainee arrival times were grouped as follows

(before 845),

(845-859am) or

(after 900). Arrival times were compared with primary outcome measures.

Health Ells-composite of travel planning and is a useful marker of strategic organisational skills.

Early mobilisation reduces postoperative complications such as pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis and hospital length of stay. Many authors have reported poor compliance with early mobilisation within Enhanced Recovery After Surgery initiatives.

The primary objective was to increase postoperative day (POD) 2 mobilisation rate from 23% to 75% in patients undergoing elective major hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) surgery within 6months.

We report a multidisciplinary team clinical practice improvement project (CPIP) to improve postoperative mobilisation of patients undergoing elective major HPB surgery. We identified the common barriers to mobilisation and analysed using the fishbone or cause-and-effect diagram and Pareto chart. A series of Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles followed this. We tracked the rate of early mobilisation and mean distance walked. click here In the post hoc analysis, we examined the potential cost savings based on reduced hospital length of stay.

Mobilisation rate on POD 2 following elective major HPB surgery improved from 23% to 78.9%, and this sustained at 6months after the CPIP. Wound pain was the most common reason for failure to ambulate on POD 2. Hospital length of stay reduced from a median of 8 days to 6days with an estimated cost saving of S$2228 per hospital stay.

Multidisciplinary quality improvement intervention effort resulted in an improved POD 2 mobilisation rate for patients who underwent elective major HPB surgery. This observed outcome was sustained at 6months after completion of the CPIP with potential cost savings.

Multidisciplinary quality improvement intervention effort resulted in an improved POD 2 mobilisation rate for patients who underwent elective major HPB surgery. This observed outcome was sustained at 6 months after completion of the CPIP with potential cost savings.

It has been reported that Mediterranean diet (MD) may improve quality of life and may reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), some neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to determine adults' adherence to the MD and evaluate the effect of the adherence to the MD on anthropometric measurements, specific biochemical parameters and quality of life.

A total of 142 volunteer adults were included. Food frequency questionnaire, MD adherence with 14-item scale, quality of life, anthropometric measurements via bioelectrical impedance analysis and certain blood parameters were evaluated.

Out of 14 points, the mean MD adherence score of the participants was 6.89. The mean fat mass was significantly higher in those with low MD adherence (p=0.024). The results of other anthropometric measurements (except height) were higher in those with low MD adherence, though results were non-significant. The participants with high adherence to the MD had lower levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) (p=0.041), insulin (p=0.019) and triglyceride (TG) (p=0.012) compared with those with lower adherence. No significant relationship was found between the MD and quality of life and other blood parameters.

According to our study, MD adherence was associated with decreased fat mass, FBG, insulin and TG levels which suggests that the MD may be useful in the treatment of some chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and CVD. However, more clinical trials may be performed to determine the relationship between MD and chronic diseases.

According to our study, MD adherence was associated with decreased fat mass, FBG, insulin and TG levels which suggests that the MD may be useful in the treatment of some chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and CVD. However, more clinical trials may be performed to determine the relationship between MD and chronic diseases.

The USA is a diverse society with representation from different ethnic and racial backgrounds, resulting in under-represented minorities (URMs) in various specialties of medicine. Our objective was to find the statistical ratio of URMs in the academic faculty of neurology.

This was a retrospective analysis of the American Association of Medical College database. The database covered neurology faculty members from 2006 to 2017.

This study shows a significant change in racial representation in faculty ranks over the last 12years. At chairperson rank, white people decreased from 86.4% to 79.8% whereas Asian, Hispanic and multiple races (non-Hispanic) simultaneously increased from 6.4% to 9.3%, 0.9% to 3.1% and 1.8% to 4.7%, respectively. At the professor rank, white people decreased from 87.4% to 81.6%, while Asians and Hispanics increased from 7.1% to 10.5% and from 0.7% to 2.1%, respectively. At the rank of associate professor, white people decreased from 81.1% to 68.3% whereas Asians, Hispanics and unknncreased, but they are still under-represented in leadership roles. This racial and gender disparity can be addressed by well-planned interventions.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a heterogenous and poorly understood condition that can be provoked by quite minor injuries. The symptoms and signs of CRPS persist, long after the patient has recovered from the inciting event. In some cases, there is a clear association with a peripheral nerve injury. link2 The degree of disability produced by CRPS is often out of proportion to the scale of the original insult and the condition is associated with protracted recovery times and frequent litigation.

We have performed a PubMed literature search, referenced landmark papers in the field and included a national expert in peripheral nerve injury and repair in our team of authors.

The diagnostic criteria for CRPS have changed repeatedly over the last two centuries and much of the historical literature is difficult to compare with more recent research. In this review article, we consider how our understanding of the condition has evolved and discuss its pathogenesis, its apparent heterogenicity and the various investigations and treatments available to the clinician.

The diagnostic criteria for CRPS have changed repeatedly over the last two centuries and much of the historical literature is difficult to compare with more recent research. In this review article, we consider how our understanding of the condition has evolved and discuss its pathogenesis, its apparent heterogenicity and the various investigations and treatments available to the clinician.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of dementia. Little is known about the relationship of antithrombotic therapy and the risk of dementia in patients with AF without clinical stroke.

This was an observational study based on a hospital AF registry. Patients aged 65-85years at the time of AF diagnosis were identified via the computerised database of the clinical management system. Patients with prior stroke or known cognitive dysfunction were excluded. The primary outcome was newly diagnosed dementia during the follow-up period.

3284 patients (mean age 76.4±5.3years, 51.6% male) were included for analysis. The mean CHA

DS

-VASc score was 3.94±1.44. 18.5% patients were prescribed warfarin, 39.8% were prescribed aspirin and 41.7% were prescribed no antithrombotic therapy. After a mean follow-up of 3.6years, 71 patients (2.2%) developed dementia, giving rise to an incidence of 0.61%/year. The incidence of dementia were 1.04%/year, 0.69%/year and 0.14%/year for patients on no therapy, aspirin and warfarin, respectively. Both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that age ≥75years, female gender and high CHA

DS

-VASc score were associated with significantly higher risk of dementia; warfarin use was associated with significantly lower risk of dementia (HR 0.14%, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.36, p<0.001). Patients on warfarin with time in therapeutic range (TTR) ≥65% had a non-significant trend towards a lower risk of dementia compared with those with TTR <65%.

In elderly AF patients, warfarin therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of new-onset dementia compared those with no therapy or aspirin.

In elderly AF patients, warfarin therapy was associated with a significantly lower risk of new-onset dementia compared those with no therapy or aspirin.Postgraduate medical education (PME) quality assurance at Health Education England (HEE) currently relies upon survey data. As no one metric can reflect all aspects of training, and each has its limitations, additional metrics should be explored. At HEE (West Midlands), we explored the use of learner outcomes, speciality examination pass rates and Annual Review of Competence Progression (ARCP) outcomes, as quality metrics. Feedback received from our local Quality Forum of 40 senior educators frames the discussion through this paper. Overall, learner outcomes are useful quality metrics that add to survey data to provide a more comprehensive picture of PME quality. However, the utility of ARCP outcomes as quality metrics is currently limited by concerns regarding variations in ARCP practice between regions. To address these concerns, ARCPs need the same processes, rigour, scrutiny and investment as other high-stakes assessments. link3 This will improve the reliability and validity of the ARCP as an assessment and improve the usefulness of ARCP outcomes as quality metrics.