Hellerhvass0954
Macrophages are a major component of the immunoresponse. Diversity and plasticity are two of the hallmarks of macrophages, which allow them to act as proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and homeostatic agents. Research has found that cancer and many inflammatory or autoimmune disorders are correlated with activation and tissue infiltration of macrophages. Recent developments in macrophage nanomedicine-based disease treatment are proving to be timely owing to the increasing inadequacy of traditional treatment. Here, we review the role of macrophages in nanomedicine-based disease treatment. First, we present a brief background on macrophages and nanomedicine. Then, we delve into applications of macrophages as a target for disease treatment and delivery systems and summarize the applications of macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles. Finally, we provide an outlook on the clinical utility of macrophages in nanomedicine-based disease treatment.
To examine prospectively the association between unmet needs for daytime activities and company and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia.
We included 451 people with mild or moderate dementia, from eight European countries, who were assessed three times over 12 months. Unmet needs were measured with the Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly. Three sub-syndromes of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire were regressed, one-by-one, against unmet needs for daytime activities and company, adjusting for demographic and clinical-functional covariates.
Unmet needs for daytime activities were associated with more affective symptoms at baseline, six and twelve months, mean 0.74 (
< 0.001), 0.76 (
< 0.001) and 0.78 (
= 0.001) points higher score respectively, and with more psychotic symptoms at baseline (mean 0.39 points,
= 0.007) and at six months follow-up (mean 0.31 points,
= 0.006). Unmet needs for company were associated with more affective symptoms at baseline, six and twelve months, mean 0.44 (
= 0.033), 0.67 (
< 0.001) and 0.91 (
< 0.001) points higher score respectively, and with more psychotic symptoms at baseline (mean 0.40 points,
= 0.005) and at six months (mean 0.35 points,
= 0.002) follow-up.
Interventions to reduce unmet needs for daytime activities and company could reduce affective and psychotic symptoms in people with dementia.
Interventions to reduce unmet needs for daytime activities and company could reduce affective and psychotic symptoms in people with dementia.
It is unknown how individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) age compared to unaffected peers.
The objective of the study is to describe the impact of MS on health and functioning in aging women.
We used 10-item Physical Functioning Scale (PF10) scores (from the Short Form-36 (SF-36)) and other indicators of general, physical, mental health, and memory collected repeatedly over 25 years with self-administered questionnaires among participants in the Nurses' Health Study (
= 121,700 recruited at ages 30-55) and Nurses' Health Study II (
= 116,429 recruited at ages 25-42) to compare women with MS (
= 733) to unaffected peers in their health and disability, and describe/quantify the burden of aging with MS.
Women with MS had a consistently lower PF10 by 0.9-1.7 standard deviations with greater overall variability than unaffected women. find more PF10-scores gradually decreased with increasing age in both groups, but MS cases declined 3-4 times faster in midlife, while decline was similar in old age. The physical function score of 45-year-old women with MS was comparable to that of 75-year-old unaffected women; 70-year-old women with MS scored similarly to 85-year-old unaffected women. MS cases also reported worse health/more disability throughout adulthood on the other indicators.
The age-related decline in physical health is accelerated by 15-30 years in MS patients compared to unaffected peers.
The age-related decline in physical health is accelerated by 15-30 years in MS patients compared to unaffected peers.Objectives Older adults' greater susceptibility to mortality from COVID-19 may have meaningful psychological implications not only for them, but also for their children. In this study, we focused on daughters of older women and examined the intergenerational relationships as a correlate of daughters' anxiety, depressive symptoms, and psychosomatic complaints.Method Data were collected from 456 daughters of older mothers (M(age) = 40.82) during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in Israel, when a relatively strict lockdown was enforced, separating mothers and daughters.Results Findings suggest that while mothers' objective risk factors (age and morbidity) were mostly not associated with their daughters' distress, the daughters' concern about their mothers, and their perceived ambivalence in the relationship with the mother, as well as structural and affectual solidarity, were.Conclusion We conclude that the mother-daughter relationship is an important correlate of daughters' reactions to this health crisis. Practically, it suggests that some daughters to aging mothers could be at a greater risk for emotional distress following the COVID-19 outbreak.
Clarity on what constitutes a palliative care need is essential to ensure that health systems and clinical services deliver an appropriate response within Universal Health Coverage.
To synthesise primary evidence from Africa for palliative care needs among patients and families with serious illness.
We conducted a mixed methods systematic review with sequential synthesis design. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019136606) and included studies were quality assessed using Mixed Method Appraisal Tool.
Six global literature databases and Three Africa-specific databases were searched up to October 2020 for terms related to palliative care, serious illnesses and Africa. Palliative care need was defined as multidimensional problems, symptoms, distress and concerns which can benefit from palliative care.
Of 7810 papers screened, 159 papers met eligibility criteria. Palliative care needs were mostly described amongst patients with HIV/AIDS (
= 99 studies) or cancer (
= 59), from East (
= 72) and Southern (
= 89) Africa.
