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Novel approaches are needed for effective delivery of exercise in this population. Further studies are warranted for assessment of long-term benefits of exercise in pediatric CHD patients.

Exercise interventions are generally safe, feasible, and beneficial in children and adolescents with CHD. There is growing evidence demonstrating the benefits and utility of exercise as a prescription rather than restriction in pediatric CHD patients. Novel approaches are needed for effective delivery of exercise in this population. Further studies are warranted for assessment of long-term benefits of exercise in pediatric CHD patients.

The purpose of this review is to describe education, training, certification of fellows in pediatric surgical critical care (PSCC). PSCC is a small but unique specialty within surgery. Education curricula focus on pediatric intensive care, neonatal intensive care, surgical intensive care, and pediatric surgical acute care. Attention is focused on the current state of SCC certification via the American Board of Surgery and future possibilities that could be implemented.

Because of the uniqueness of the specialty, the little literature that exists focuses on fellow experience including carrier plans, curricula at different programs and how the training is used in practice. There has been debate over the need for the development of a unified process to train, test, and certify critical care physicians of all programs. selleck inhibitor This could lead to a common 'test' that serves as the basis for critical care medicine certification from the myriad of American Medical Specialty Boards.

Training in PSCC offers surgeons a unique skill set to treat the most critically ill and injured children in our society. These surgeons can make large contributions to children's hospitals and to adult trauma centers that take care of injured children.

Training in PSCC offers surgeons a unique skill set to treat the most critically ill and injured children in our society. These surgeons can make large contributions to children's hospitals and to adult trauma centers that take care of injured children.

Adequate human milk nutrition is critical for infant growth and neurodevelopment; however, low milk transfer volumes are common when establishing preterm breastfeeding. Despite clinical assessments of milk transfer volumes at the breast being inaccurate, measurement of feed volume via test weighing is rarely carried out either routinely or in cases where infant weight gain is inadequate.

To assess the accuracy of the Preterm Breastfeeding Assessment Tool (PBAT) in determining transfer volumes and examine factors associated with PBAT accuracy.

Pre/postfeed weights were performed using electronic scales and PBAT scores recorded for 1186 breastfeeds in 60 preterm infants born less than 33/40 and 33 to 39/40 postmenstrual age. Measured milk intake volumes were converted to percent prescribed feed volume and compared with PBAT estimates of milk transfer.

The PBAT is accurate in identifying when no milk is transferred at the breast but not in estimating transfer of half or the full prescribed volume (accurahile studies have typically focused on medically stable infants, test weighing offers a useful tool to examine breastfeeding efficacy and inform nutritional management of preterm infants with complications such as chronic lung and cardiac disease.

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is characterized by significant physiological and behavioral signs involving multiple-organ systems in neonates following a prenatal exposure to opioids and other nonopioid drugs. Neonatal abstinence syndrome can result in serious morbidity, and even death, if unrecognized and untreated. The purpose of this study was to develop a simulation model of a standard video training of the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System (FNAS) and investigate the perceptions of comfort and competency of pediatric residents undergoing video or simulation training.

Thirty-one pediatric and medicine-pediatric residents participated in this single-blinded randomized intervention study. The experimental group completed demonstrated simulation while the control group received the traditional video instruction. Both groups completed FNAS scoring on a case of a neonate with NAS. The FNAS scores of residents were compared with the scores of 2 expert raters. Pre- and posttraining and preferenministration with a broader range of professionals including interdisciplinary teams of nursing and medical professionals.

A more hands-on, less cost-prohibitive simulation training needs to be developed to teach FNAS administration with a broader range of professionals including interdisciplinary teams of nursing and medical professionals.

Infants born extremely premature (<1500 g) often experience lengthy stays in the challenging environment of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) separated from their parents.

The purpose of this study was to explore nurses' knowledge, attitude, and use of maternal voice as a therapeutic intervention for preterm infants in the NICU.

Neonatal nurses (n = 117) completed an online survey about the use of maternal voice in their individual units. Questions included (1) previous knowledge surrounding use of maternal voice in the NICU; (2) their attitudes about using maternal voice recordings and/or live maternal speech as an intervention; (3) whether their unit had the necessary equipment and environment conducive to using the therapy; (4) average amount of time parents were in the NICU with their neonate; and (5) in what situations they would personally encourage the use of maternal recordings (during procedures, rounds, etc).

Of those responding, 73.3% of nurse (n = 117) respondents agreed they were willing to incorporate maternal recordings into caregiving, with 80.8% indicating they were open to learning and employing different therapies to improve parental involvement in infant care.

When the appropriate equipment is available, neonatal nurses are interested and willing to use alternative therapies that incorporate parental participation into direct caregiving as well as utilizing maternal voice recordings.

Further research with larger, more diverse samples is needed to determine the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices of maternal voice recordings by NICU nurses. Future research can also focus on barriers to utilization of the therapy during daily care.

Further research with larger, more diverse samples is needed to determine the current knowledge, attitudes, and practices of maternal voice recordings by NICU nurses. Future research can also focus on barriers to utilization of the therapy during daily care.