Hellerhagen0659

05). The masticatory efficiency of ED group was 67.2% of the control group. The score of chewing function in children with ED after prosthetic rehabilitation was three times higher than before, and no difference was present between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Early prosthetic rehabilitation can significantly improve the masticatory performance and life quality of children with ED.

Early prosthetic rehabilitation can significantly improve the masticatory performance and life quality of children with ED.

To investigate the risk factor for metastasis in Level IV of ipsilateral neck in tongue cancer patients.

A total of 248 tongue caner paitents (255 necks) that underwent radical neck dissection was enrolled in the study. Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to determine the factors associated with metastasis in Level IV. The variable included age, sex, growth type, T stage, histopathological grade, Level III involvement, number of positive lymph nodes in Levels I-III.

Out of 147 cases (152 necks) with positive lymph node, 21 necks (8.2%, 21/255) had Level III involvement, and 2 necks (0.8%, 2/255) developed skip metastasis. Chi-square test showed that age (P = 0.020), Level III involvement (P = 0.000), number of positive Level (≥ 2 Levels) in Levels I-III (P = 0.006), and number of positive lymph node (≥ 3 nodes) in Levels I-III (P = 0.000) were identified as independent risk factor. Logistic regression analysis revealed that only Level III involvement (P = 0.003) was the risk factor for metastasis in Level IV.

In tongue cancer patients, Level III involvement was a high risk factor for metastasis in Level IV.

In tongue cancer patients, Level III involvement was a high risk factor for metastasis in Level IV.

To investigate the effect of metformin on the proliferation and cell apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) (HSC-3, HSC-4) in vitro and in vivo.

HSC-3, HSC-4 cells were treated with metformin at different concentration (2-50 mmol/L) for 24, 48 or 72 hours. In vitro cell proliferation ability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and colony formation assay. Cell cycle progression was assessed by flow cytometry. Cell apoptosis was tested by both TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay and flow cytometry. The activation of related cell markers was examined by immunohistochemistry. Xenograft mouse model was used to demonstrate the in vivo anti-tumor effect of metformin. A total of 30 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control groups (water + phosphate buffer saline, PBS) and treatment groups (pre-oral, oral or intraperitoneal injection). Each group had 6 mice. The tumor size was measured once every three days until endpoint (35 dayscell was lower than 60% (control group was normalized to 100%).

Metformin could inhibit the growth of OSCC cell line (HSC-3, HSC-4) by reducing cell proliferation and increasing cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Therefore metformin could be a potential new treatment candidate for human OSCC.

Metformin could inhibit the growth of OSCC cell line (HSC-3, HSC-4) by reducing cell proliferation and increasing cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Therefore metformin could be a potential new treatment candidate for human OSCC.

To analyze the flow of four irrigations in a root canal with different needle-insertion depth by using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model in order to provide a reference to the needle placement in clinical practice.

The density and viscosity of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (A), 3% sodium hypochlorite (B), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, C), 2% chlorhexidine (D) were measured. A CFD model by ICEM software was used to simulate irrigant flow from an open-ended flat needle positioned at the depth of 1, 3, 5 mm to the physiological apical within the root canal. Velocity, wall shear stress and pressure in the root canal were evaluated after setting the computing conditions with FLUENT14.0 software.

All the wall shear stress generated by four fluids was at peak when the needle was positioned 1 mm to the physiological apical, which were 6.72 × 10³ Pa(A), 6.35 × 10³ Pa(B), 7.47 × 10³ Pa(C), 5.26 × 10³ Pa(D), respectively. With the distance increasing, wall shear stress gradually decreased. The wall shear stress of A, B, C, D was 2.31 × 10³, 2.05 × 10³, 2.59 × 10³ and 1.81 × 10³ Pa, respectively in 3 mm group. The wall shear stress of A, B, C, D was 2.16 × 10³, 1.91 × 10³, 2.42 × 10³, 1.71 × 10³ Pa, respectively in 5 mm group.

It was recommended that the distance between the needle and physiological apical is 1-3 mm when flushing the root canal. The injection speed of 17% EDTA should be slower than that of the other three solutions.

It was recommended that the distance between the needle and physiological apical is 1-3 mm when flushing the root canal. The injection speed of 17% EDTA should be slower than that of the other three solutions.

To investigate the expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in human stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP), and to evaluate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on SDF-1 expression by SCAP.

SCAP were isolated from dental papilla of human immature third molars. The expression of SDF-1 was evaluated by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). After SCAP being exposed to different concentrations (0.1, 1.0, 10 mg/L) of LPS for 24 and 48 h, the effect of LPS on cell proliferation and gene expression of SDF-1 was investigated by cell counting kit-8 and real-time PCR respectively, while cells without LPS stimulation were considered as negative control.

LPS had no significant effect on SCAP proliferation until day 7. RT-PCR assays demonstrated that SCAP expressed SDF-1 mRNA. Different concentrations of LPS significantly promoted the SDF-1 expression in SCAP after 24 h (F = 12.102, P = 0.002) and 48 h (F = 39.054, P < 0.001) exposure, with relative gene expression ratio (experimental/control) increased to 1.4 ± 0.1, 2.2 ± 0.4, 2.3 ± 0.5 in 24 h group and 2.1 ± 0.4, 3.4 ± 0.3, 3.8 ± 0.5 in 48 h group.

Isolated SCAP in cultures have the expression of SDF-1 mRNA. LPS can significantly promote the expression of SDF-1 in SCAP.

Isolated SCAP in cultures have the expression of SDF-1 mRNA. LPS can significantly promote the expression of SDF-1 in SCAP.

No sufficient research has focused on the relationship between meloxicam use and acute pancreatitis. This study aimed to explore this issue in Taiwan.

This case-control study was conducted using the database of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program. In all, there were 6780 cases aged 20-84 years who were newly diagnosed with acute pancreatitis during the period 1998-2011, and 21,393 control subjects without acute pancreatitis. Cases and controls were matched for sex, age and comorbidities. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were measured to explore the associations between acute pancreatitis, meloxicam use and comorbidities, using a multivariable unconditional logistic regression model.

After controlling for potential confounding factors, the adjusted OR for acute pancreatitis was 1.76 (95% CI 1.30-2.40) for subjects with current use of meloxicam, in comparison with subjects who had never used meloxicam. The adjusted OR decreased to 1.29 (95% CI 0.82-2.03) for subjects with late use of meloxicam, but without statistical significance.

Current use of meloxicam is associated with increased odds of acute pancreatitis. Clinicians should consider the potential risk of acute pancreatitis when prescribing meloxicam.

Current use of meloxicam is associated with increased odds of acute pancreatitis. Clinicians should consider the potential risk of acute pancreatitis when prescribing meloxicam.High-fat diet leads to development of cardiac dysfunction through molecular mechanisms poorly known. The aim of this study is to elucidate the early events in cardiac dysfunction caused by a high-fat diet, before massive alterations due to obesity and indirect mechanisms of heart damage take place. Moreover, we analyzed the role of Sirt1, a major mediator of cardiac gene regulation, in these effects. Short-term high-fat feeding (5 weeks) caused a similar mild increase in body weight and triglyceridaemia in wild-type (wt) and Sirt1(+/-) mice. The high-fat diet suppressed the expression of lipid catabolism (PPARα target) gene expression in the hearts of wt mice, but not Sirt1(+/-) mice. Pro-inflammatory genes were induced and estrogen-related receptor-alpha (ERRα) target genes was suppressed in the hearts of wt fed the high-fat diet, but not in Sirt1(+/-) mice. We found the formation of a complex between PPARα and Sirt1 in wt mice under high-fat diet conditions which might account for suppression of the ERRα pathway. Sirt1 haploinsufficiency impairs the formation of this complex and promotes the binding of PPARα to the p65 subunit of NF-κB, thereby mediating inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways and induction of PPARα target genes. Short-term high-fat diet causes metabolic and inflammatory alterations in heart, and Sirt1 is critical for mediating these cardiac alterations. The capacity of Sirt1 to interact with transcriptional regulators such as NF-κB and PPARα appears to be involved in the cardiac responsiveness to a high-fat diet.Betaine, which donates methyl groups through methionine metabolism for DNA and protein methylation, is critical for epigenetic gene regulation, especially during fetal development. Here we fed gestational sows with control or betaine supplemented diets (3 g/kg) throughout the pregnancy to explore the effects of maternal betaine on hepatic cell proliferation in neonatal piglets. Neonatal piglets born to betaine-supplemented sows demonstrated a reduction of cell number and DNA content in the liver, which was associated with significantly down-regulated hepatic expression of cell cycle regulatory genes, cyclin D2 (CCND2) and presenilin1 (PSEN1). Moreover, STAT3 binding to the promoter of CCND2 and PSEN1 was also lower in betaine-exposed piglets, accompanied by strong reduction of STAT3 mRNA and protein expression, along with its phosphorylation at Tyr705 and Ser727 residues. 3-Deazaadenosine in vitro Also, prenatal betaine exposure significantly attenuated upstream kinases of STAT3 signaling pathway (phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-SRC and phospho-JAK2) in the livers of neonates. Furthermore, the repressed STAT3 expression in the liver of betaine-exposed piglets was associated with DNA hypermethylation and more enriched repression histone mark H3K27me3 on its promoter, together with significantly up-regulated expression of H3K27me3 and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) proteins, as well as miR-124a, which targets STAT3. Taken together, our results suggest that maternal dietary betaine supplementation during gestation inhibits hepatic cell proliferation in neonatal piglets, at least partly, through epigenetic regulation of hepatic CCND2 and PSEN1 genes via a STAT3-dependent pathway. These neonatal changes in cell cycle and proliferation regulation may lead to lower liver weight and hepatic DNA content at weaning.

To observe the effect of continuous positive airway pressure ventilation on hypersensitive C reaction protein (hsCRP) and 8-isoprostane in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).

A total of 78 OSAHS patients were enrolled and monitored by polysomnography (PSG) in January to March, 2013. Another 40 healthy persons were chosen as controls during the same time. According to apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen saturation, the patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe groups. Blood and urinary 8-isoprostane and hsCRP levels were detected before and after monitoring. After continuous positive airway pressure treatment for three months, blood and urinary 8-isoprostane and hsCRP were also detected in three groups.

(1) In OSAHS patients, blood 8-isoprostane levels before and after sleep monitoring were (273.80±55.83) ng/L and (337.18±56.28) ng/L urinary 8-isoprostane (35.65±7.08) ng/L and (48.30±14.17) ng/L, hsCRP (7.63±6.10) µg/L and (9.68±8.55)µg/L, respectively. Each parameter reached a significant difference before and after sleep (P<0.