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Previous history of injury (OR 6.9, 95% CI 3.7-13.0) and age greater than 13.5 years (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.6-5.9) were significant risk factors for a season lower limb injury. Conclusion Injury rates in this community netball club were high. Results suggest that further research regarding the implementation and effectiveness of injury prevention programs for community netballers is required.The camel has several biochemical, physiological, and anatomical features to withstand the harsh desert climate. Camel eye lens contains a novel protein (ζ-crystallin) in bulk quantity. Previous reports suggest that non-enzymatic glycation of eye lens proteins plays an important role in the etiology of cataract. In this study, we have characterized the role of glucose, fructose, and methylglyoxal (MGO) in the glycation of camel lens ζ-crystallin. From the results obtained, it was found that MGO reacted rapidly, fructose reacted moderately, and glucose was the least reactive even after prolonged incubation (>100 days). Glycation with MGO and fructose led to changes in the structure of ζ-crystallin, while glucose had no remarkable effect. The surface hydrophobicity did not change and no aggregates or amyloid fibrils were observed in the glycated ζ-crystallin. Moreover, the secondary structure of glycated ζ-crystallin remained similar after glycation. Our results suggested that due to natural adaptation, the camel lens protein ζ-crystallin retained its structure and solubility even after glycation to perform the single known function of the lens proteins to focus unscattered light on the retina.Bi2SiO5/Bi4MoO9 photocatalysts with heterostructures were successfully prepared using a one-pot solvothermal route. The effect of molybdenum source on the composite formation was discussed. Under ultraviolet light irradiation, this Bi2SiO5/Bi4MoO9 heterojunction photocatalyst exhibited higher photocatalytic performance than Bi2SiO5 and Bi4MoO9 towards the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP). The dramatically enhanced photoactivity can be ascribed to the construction of a heterojunction interface between Bi2SiO5 and Bi4MoO9, which not only suppresses the recombination of photoexcited charge carriers but also enhances light absorption. In addition, for the view point of practicethe, the effect of initial CIP concentrations and coexisting ions on the photodegradation process using as-prepared Bi2SiO5/Bi4MoO9 heterojunction photocatalysts was explored. Trapping experiments demonstrate that the h+ and •O2- are the main active species in the photodegradation of CIP over Bi2SiO5/Bi4MoO9 heterojunctions. Meanwhile, the conduction band and valence band potentials values of Bi2SiO5 and Bi4MoO9 are measured by DFT calculation, DRS and Mott-Schottky curves. Opaganib supplier A possible photocatalytic mechanism for CIP degradation over the Bi2SiO5/Bi4MoO9 heterojunction was also proposed.Introduction Leonbergers are large-breed dogs believed to be predisposed to dilated cardiomyopathy, yet the normal echocardiographic measurements of these dogs are unknown. The aim of this study was to describe echocardiographic findings and propose breed-specific reference intervals (RIs) for Leonbergers. Animals A total of 42 clinically healthy dogs were involved in this study. Materials and methods This study was designed as a cross-sectional study of 42 Leonberger dogs undergoing complete transthoracic echocardiographic studies at a national show. Reference intervals were determined using robust method with bootstrapping. The effects of age, sex, and body weight (BW) on linear and volumetric dimensions were evaluated by regression analysis. Intra- and interobserver variability were evaluated by coefficient of variation from 10 of the studies. Results There were significant linear correlations with BW for many of the cardiac variables evaluated. However, despite the statistical significance, most regression equations had small slopes, necessitating large changes in BW for small changes in two-dimensional echocardiographic variables. As such, this study resulted in breed-specific RIs irrespective of BW. Trace mitral insufficiency (n = 18), trace aortic insufficiency (n = 15), or both (n = 1) was identified in 81% of dogs in this population. Coefficients of variation were less then 9% for all two-dimensional, volumetric, and motion mode measurements. Conclusions This study describes echocardiographic findings and provides RIs, which may be useful in echocardiographic evaluations of Leonbergers and may aid in early identification of heart disease within the breed.Objective First-line chemotherapy in metastatic neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) is based on etoposide and platinum. However, there is no standard concerning second-line treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate efficacy and tolerance of dacarbazine or temozolomide in metastatic digestive NEC as post first-line treatment. Material and methods This study included patients with a metastatic NEC of digestive or unknown primary site. All patients received platinum-etoposide as first-line chemotherapy. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were clinical/morphological responses, toxicity, and overall survival (OS). Results 27 patients were included 17 received dacarbazine and 10 temozolomide as post-first line treatments. Median PFS was 3.0 (95%CI [2.2;3.7]) months. There was no significant difference between dacarbazine and temozolomide on PFS. Clinical and morphological responses were found in 46% and 33% of patients, respectively. Median OS was 7.2 (95%CI [2.2;12.2]) months. The toxicity profile was that expected with such treatments. Conclusion This study confirms a poor prognosis of metastatic NEC during post first-line treatment. LV5FU2-Dacarbazine or temozolomide-capecitabine chemotherapies allow a temporary clinical response for half of patients and/or a morphological response for a third of patients.Senescence is a cellular response to stress for both dividing and post-mitotic cells. Noteworthy, long-lived post-mitotic cells (collectively named LLPMCs), which can live for decades in the organism, can exhibit a distinct type of cellular aging characterized by a progressive functional decline not associated to an overt senescence phenotype. The age-related drivers of senescence and aging in LLPMCs remain largely unknown. There is evidence that an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to dysfunctional mitochondria, coupled with an inherent inability of cellular-degradation mechanisms to remove damaged molecules, is responsible for senescence and aging in LLPMC. Although telomeric DNA shortening, by nature linked to cell division, is generally not considered as a driver of LLPMC aging and senescence, we discuss recent reports revealing the existence of age-related telomere changes in LLPMC. These findings reveal unexpected roles for telomeres in LLPMC function and invite us to consider the hypothesis of a complex telomere clock involved in both dividing and non-dividing cell aging.