Hebertdalsgaard2119

In contrast, few reports on the occurrence of ONJ due to estrogen deficiency induced by drugs, such as selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), aromatase inhibitors, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, are available. Thus, the role of sex steroids in the development of ONJ is not known. Further studies are required to demonstrate the exact role of sex steroids in bone homeostasis and ONJ progression. In this review, we will discuss the relationship between medication associated with sex steroids and ONJ.

To investigate renal function during denosumab therapy using the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C (eGFRcys) which is more accurate than creatinine (eGFRcr) for renal function.

Bone mineral densities (BMDs) of lumbar spine and hip regions, eGFRcys, eGFRcr, creatinine clearance (Ccr), and serum total homocysteine (S-Hcy) were measured during 2-year denosumab therapy in 53 women with osteoporosis naïve to anti-osteoporosis drugs (new group) and 64 women who were switched from long-term bisphosphonate treatment to denosumab therapy (switch group).

There were no significant differences in age, eGFRcr, Ccr, eGFRcys, and S-Hcy levels at baseline between the groups. BMDs in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip increased significantly after 2-year denosumab therapy in both groups. eGFRcr decreased in the switch group, and Ccr decreased in both groups; however, eGFRcys and S-Hcy levels did not change significantly in either group. To investigate the causal factors associated with the decrease in eGFRcr and Ccr, multiple regression analysis was performed in all patients. Denosumab initiation within 3 months after fracture and eGFRcr or Ccr at baseline were independent factors for the decrease in eGFRcr or Ccr during the 2-year denosumab therapy. Decline in creatinine-based renal function could be reflected by increased muscle mass during the ongoing recovery from fracture.

Renal function was preserved in all patients, including those in the switch group during denosumab therapy. Creatinine-based renal function should be cautiously interpreted during denosumab therapy in patients with recent fractures.

Renal function was preserved in all patients, including those in the switch group during denosumab therapy. Creatinine-based renal function should be cautiously interpreted during denosumab therapy in patients with recent fractures.

This study aims to examine the 2-year outcomes of zoledronic acid (ZOL) with or without eldecalcitol (ELD) on bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture in Japanese patients with osteoporosis.

The subjects were 98 patients who were randomly (11) assigned to treatment with ZOL combined with ELD (ZOL+ELD group; n=51) and ZOL alone (ZOL group; n=47). Treatment efficacy was examined based on a comparison of changes in BMD from baseline (ΔBMD) in the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck in the 2 groups.

The percent change from baseline in BMD values for the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck at 24 months were 10.8%±6.1%, 6.0%±6.6%, and 5.1%±5.1%, respectively, in the ZOL+ELD group, and 7.7%±6.2%, 5.1%±5.6%, and 2.9%±8.3%, respectively, in the ZOL group. The percent change from baseline BMD for the lumbar spine at 24 months differed significantly between the 2 groups.

The effect of a combination of ZOL+ELD on BMD for 24 months was more favorable than that of ZOL alone. This drug combination is promising for the treatment of drug-naïve Japanese patients with primary osteoporosis.

The effect of a combination of ZOL + ELD on BMD for 24 months was more favorable than that of ZOL alone. This drug combination is promising for the treatment of drug-naïve Japanese patients with primary osteoporosis.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are known to develop sarcopenia, an aging-related disorder, with low muscle mass, strength and physical performance. Ultrasound-derived thigh muscle and rectus femoris thickness (TMT and RFT) can be measured easily in clinical practice, but need validation for use in predialysis CKD (stages III through V) for muscle mass estimation. The study aims to compare ultrasound-derived TMT and RFT with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived muscle mass estimation in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in predialysis CKD.

Patients with stable CKD stage III, IV, V and not yet on dialysis were recruited, and underwent anthropometric assessment, BIA and ultrasound examination of midthigh region. Appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI)/height

derived from BIA was taken as a standard for the diagnosis of low muscle mass. Gait speed and handgrip were also measured. The Asian Working Group criteria were applied. Cutoff values for low muscle mass by TMT and RFT were obtained using receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis.

Of the total of 117 enrolled study participants, 52 (45%) had low muscle mass, 34 (29%) had sarcopenia, of whom 79% were male, majority (38%) were CKD stage IV and had a mean age of 58 years. Using ROC analysis, TMT cutoffs of 19mm in males and 17mm in females were computed. Comparison of TMT cutoffs and ASMI/h

showed good agreement between the 2 methods using Bland-Altman plots.

Ultrasound-derived TMT and RFT can be used for muscle mass estimation in the diagnosis of sarcopenia.

Ultrasound-derived TMT and RFT can be used for muscle mass estimation in the diagnosis of sarcopenia.The South Asian population is rapidly ageing and sarcopenia is likely to become a huge burden in this region if proper action is not taken in time. Several sarcopenia guidelines are available, from the western world and from East Asia. However, these guidelines are not fully relevant for the South Asian healthcare ecosystem. South Asia is ethnically, culturally, and phenotypically unique. Additionally, the region is seeing an increase in non-communicable lifestyle disease and obesity. Both these conditions can lead to sarcopenia. However, secondary sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are either not dealt with in detail or are missing in other guidelines. Hence, we present a consensus on the screening, diagnosis and management of sarcopenia, which addresses the gaps in the current guidelines. This South Asian consensus gives equal importance to muscle function, muscle strength, and muscle mass; provides cost-effective clinical and easy to implement solutions; highlights secondary sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity; lists commonly used biomarkers; reminds us that osteo-arthro-muscular triad should be seen as a single entity to address sarcopenia; stresses on prevention over treatment; and prioritizes non-pharmacological over pharmacological management. As literature is scarce from this region, the authors call for more South Asian research guided interventions.

To determine if anthropometric variables, body composition, medication and gender are associated with functional performance and to compare these variables between octogenarians with high and low functional performance.

Observational, cross-sectional study. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were evaluated. Handgrip strength (HGS) was assessed. Participants' body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and functional performance by Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). A binomial logistic regression was performed.

One hundred and twenty-two octogenarians were included and separated into high and low function groups. The high function group showed lower values of WHtR (mean difference [MD]=0.047, P=0.025) and body fat (BF%) (MD=3.54, P=0.032) and higher values of apendicular skeletal muscle mass (ALM) (MD=3.03, P=0.001), HGS (MD=6.11, P=0.001) and SPPB score (MD=4.20, P=0.001). Women were more likely to be classified as low function (OR=3.66, P=0.002) and males showed 5.21 odds ratio (P=0.021) of having high functional performance compared to females. Also, each decrease in age and medication use displayed 1.30 (P=0.007) and 1.26 odds ratio increases (P=0.008) in high functional performance.

Older males display better functional performance than women, and decrements in age and medications increase the high functional performance odds ratio. Octogenarians with high functional performance displayed lower BF measurements and higher values of muscle mass and strength.

Older males display better functional performance than women, and decrements in age and medications increase the high functional performance odds ratio. Octogenarians with high functional performance displayed lower BF measurements and higher values of muscle mass and strength.Background The implementation and efficacy of wearable sensors and alerting systems in acute secondary care have been poorly described. C-176 concentration Objectives to pragmatically test one such system and its influence on clinical outcomes in an acute surgical cohort. Methods In this pragmatically designed, pre-post implementation trial, participants admitted to the acute surgical unit at our institution were recruited. In the pre-implementation phase (September 2017 to May 2019), the SensiumVitals™ monitoring system, which continuously measures temperature, heart, and respiratory rates, was used for monitoring alongside usual care (intermittent monitoring in accordance with the National Early Warning Score 2 [NEWS 2] protocol) without alerts being generated. In the post-implementation phase (May 2019 to March 2020), alerts were generated when pre-established thresholds for vital parameters were breached, requiring acknowledgement from healthcare staff on provided mobile devices. Hospital length of stay, intensive care use, and 28-days mortality were measured. Balanced cohorts were created with 11 'optimal' propensity score logistic regression models. Results The 11 matching method matched the post-implementation group (n = 141) with the same number of subjects from the pre-implementation group (n = 141). The median age of the entire cohort was 52 (range 18-95) years and the median duration of wearing the sensor was 1.3 (interquartile range 0.7-2.0) days. The median alert acknowledgement time was 111 (range 1-2,146) minutes. There were no significant differences in critical care admission (planned or unplanned), hospital length of stay, or mortality. Conclusion This study offered insight into the implementation of digital health technologies within our institution. Further work is required for optimisation of digital workflows, particularly given their more favourable acceptability in the post pandemic era. Clinical trials registration information ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04638738.Most of the terrestrial legged locomotion gaits, like human walking, necessitate energy dissipation upon ground collision. In humans, the heel mostly performs net-negative work during collisions, and it is currently unclear how it dissipates that energy. Based on the laws of thermodynamics, one possibility is that the net-negative collision work may be dissipated as heat. If supported, such a finding would inform the thermoregulation capacity of human feet, which may have implications for understanding foot complications and tissue damage. Here, we examined the correlation between energy dissipation and thermal responses by experimentally increasing the heel's collisional forces. Twenty healthy young adults walked overground on force plates and for 10 min on a treadmill (both at 1.25 ms-1) while wearing a vest with three different levels of added mass (+0%, +15%, & +30% of their body mass). We estimated the heel's work using a unified deformable segment analysis during overground walking. We measured the heel's temperature immediately before and after each treadmill trial.