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69. Compared with the Height (H) and L, ROC curve for LH have better performance in predicting the RLN LN metastasis. Bindarit mouse Conclusions LH is a useful predictive tool in the evaluation of RLN LN metastasis for esophageal cancer. The present findings support the result that LH can be an indicator of RLN LN dissection.Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a simple laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) simulator and corresponding practicing program on the application of performing LCBDE in a low volume center. Methods A retrospective review was performed by analyzing data from the electronic medical record for 4118 patients with choledocholithiasis in Changxing County Hospital (Huzhou, Zhejiang, China) between January 2013 and December 2018. From January 2016, we have developed a simple LCBDE-specific simulator and corresponding practicing program in our hospital. The percentage of patients with choledocholithiasis managed by LCBDE before and after the introduction of a simple LCBDE-specific simulator and corresponding practicing program was compared. Results There were 8.9% (367/4118) patients with a diagnosis of choledocholithiasis confirmed by MRCP. Single-stage management with LC+LCBDE was performed in 23.7% (87/367) patients. Among them, 23 cases were performed between January 2013 and December 2015, and 64 cases were performed between January 2016 and December 2018. The introduction of simulator-enhanced practicing program in January 2016 has resulted in an increase in the percentage of performed LCBDE, from 12.9% to 33.9%. In addition, there was an 29.5% reduction in the mean operating time (from 193 min to 136 min) needed for LCBDE with T-tube when compared these two periods. Conclusions LCBDE simulator can improve the application in a low volume center, and help to increase the utilization of this effective, one stage treatment for choledocholithiasis and reduce the need for costlier ERCP.Olfactory impairment occurs in patients with Alzheimer's disease, and olfactory function tests are performed for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. However, the diagnosis and patient status are not currently outlined for vascular dementia, and many physicians do not consider concurrent vascular dementia in patients complaining of olfactory dysfunction. Here, we report a case of vascular dementia with no symptoms of dementia other than olfactory dysfunction. This case suggested that the olfactory function test is helpful not only for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease but also for the early diagnosis of vascular dementia.Background The role of uric acid in the development of diabetic peripheral neuropathy remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between uric acid and peripheral neuropathy among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study based on the diabetes and hypertension study of the Medical Research Network of the Consortium of Thai Medical Schools. Adult T2DM patients from 831 public hospitals in Thailand were evaluated. The serum uric acid level was categorized into five groups based on quintiles (7.3 mg/dL were 2.5%, 2.8%, 2.4%, 2.5%, and 4.7%, respectively. A serum uric acid level ≥7.3 mg/dL was found to be associated with an increase in odds ratio (1.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-2.32) for peripheral neuropathy compared with a serum uric acid level less then 4.4 mg/dL. Conclusion Serum uric acid level is independently associated with peripheral neuropathy in T2DM patients, and elevated serum uric acid levels should be considered a risk factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy in clinical practice.Background Few studies have been conducted in Korea on concordance regarding chronic diseases and lifestyle factors among couples. We, therefore, evaluated spousal concordance regarding lifestyle factors and chronic diseases among Korean couples. Methods A total 1,040 participants (520 couples) who visited family physicians were recruited from 22 hospitals. All participants were aged ≥40 years. Participants completed questionnaires on smoking, drinking, physical activity, and irregular eating habits, including skipping breakfast. We estimated the spousal concordance regarding lifestyle factors and chronic diseases using McNemar tests and logistic regression analysis. Results The concordance rate was high among couples who shared unhealthy behaviors, such as low physical activity, irregular diet, and skipping breakfast (P less then 0.05). When cardiovascular risk factors such as overweight (odds ratio [OR], 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-2.63), hypertension (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.23-2.86), or hyperlipidemia (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.60-3.64) were prevalent among husbands, the odds that their wives also had the same risk factors at the same time was significantly high. The odds of being depressed when the spouse was depressed were also significantly high in both men (OR, 5.54; 95% CI, 2.19-13.96) and women (OR, 4.52; 95% CI, 1.77-11.53). Conclusion There was a high level of concordance regarding lifestyle factors among couples, which could lead to an increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases among couples. In addition, if a spouse has depression, the odds of their partner also having depression was high.Background Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fragility fractures. Serum iron level may interact with bone health status. This study investigated the correlations of BMD with serum iron level, hemoglobin level, and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of data from the medical records of premenopausal women in South Korea. The women's BMDs and the Z scores of the BMDs were verified using dual-energy X-ray absorption. The participants were stratified into quartiles for analyses of the associations of BMD with serum iron level, TIBC, and hemoglobin level. Results A simple linear regression analysis revealed associations of changes in BMD with iron level (β=-0.001, standard error [SE]=0.001, P less then 0.001), hemoglobin level (β=0.015, SE=0.003, P less then 0.001), and TIBC (β=0.001, SE=0.001, P less then 0.001). This pattern was also observed in a multiple linear regression analysis. A multivariate logistic regression analysis of iron level and TIBC for low BMD revealed odds ratios of 1.