Haynescantrell3651
The cumulative incidence was lower in the psychoeducational program (13.2, 95% CI 9.2-18.0 per 100 patient-year vs. 26.1; 95% CI 22.1-30.2); time to new lesions was increased (P=0.022). Cox proportional hazard analysis confirmed an overall reduction of lesions in the psychoeducational program (HR 0.34; 95% CI 0.18-0.66; P<0.001), after adjustment for confounders. The program was associated with significant changes in competence and motivation to self-care.
A psychoeducational approach is both feasible and effective to support patients with diabetes at high risk of first or recurrent foot lesions, increasing their adherence to self-care practices.
A psychoeducational approach is both feasible and effective to support patients with diabetes at high risk of first or recurrent foot lesions, increasing their adherence to self-care practices.
Food processing changes the nature of foods, and it is growing globally due to its availability and affordability and its effects on the palatability of foods. Consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) may adversely affect weight gain. The purpose of the current study is to examine the association between UPFs consumption and adiposity among Iranian adults.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1459 Iranian adults (≥19 years). Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and foods were classified based on the NOVA system. Overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥25 and<30, ≥30, respectively, and waist circumference (WC) ≥91 for women and WC≥89 for men. The odds of general and abdominal obesity across the quartiles of UPFs were assessed by binary logistic regression. UPFs consumption contributed to 20.17% of daily energy intake. After adjustment for potential confounders, UPFs consumption was not associated with general or abdominal obesity. However, in the fully adjusted model, men in the top quartile of UPFs were twice as likely to be overweight compared with those in the bottom quartile (OR=2.06, 95% CI 1.03, 4.10; P=0.047). No association was found in women or stratified analysis by age.
The present findings suggest a sex-specific association between UPFs consumption and overweight. UPFs consumption might be associated with an increased risk of overweight in men, but no such association was found in women. Future cohort studies are required to confirm these results.
The present findings suggest a sex-specific association between UPFs consumption and overweight. UPFs consumption might be associated with an increased risk of overweight in men, but no such association was found in women. Future cohort studies are required to confirm these results.
Various bio-psychological mechanisms underlying the association between mental health problems and metabolic syndrome remain unknown. We investigated the role of irrational beliefs in conjunction with anxiety, depression and hostility in the 10-year metabolic syndrome (MetS) incidence, and the effect of biochemical and socio-behavioral factors on the aforementioned associations.
ATTICA is a prospective, cohort study (2002-2012). The sample included 591 participants [51.3% men (aged 41.5±10 years) and 48.7% women (aged 37.5±11.5 years)], free of MetS at baseline. Detailed biochemical, clinical, and lifestyle evaluations were performed, while participants' irrational beliefs, anxiety, depression and hostility were assessed using the Irrational Beliefs Inventory, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and the Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire, respectively. Multiple logistic regression was applied to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of developing MetS and to control for confounders, as well as stratified logistic regression to detect moderator effects. High irrational beliefs were associated with 1.5-times higher odds of developing MetS than low irrational beliefs. Especially, participants with high irrational beliefs and high anxiety were 96% more likely to develop MetS, compared with those with low irrational beliefs and low or high anxiety (OR=1.96; 95% CI=1.01, 3.80).
The findings of the study underline the important role of irrational beliefs and anxiety in the development of MetS and the need to build new holistic approaches focused on the primary prevention of both mental health and MetS.
The findings of the study underline the important role of irrational beliefs and anxiety in the development of MetS and the need to build new holistic approaches focused on the primary prevention of both mental health and MetS.
Discrepant results have been demonstrated regarding the cardiovascular (CV) risk of populations with metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHO) who were transitioned into metabolically unhealthy states. So, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) incidence in individuals with transitional MHO phenotype.
A literature review was done in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and google scholar databases. Pooled HRs for all fatal and nonfatal CV events were computed using random-effect models for transitional MHOs in general as well as for each sex subgroup separately. This systematic review and meta-analysis included a total of 7 prospective observational studies with a total of 7,720,165 participants, published between 2018 and 2020. The mean follow-up duration of participants was 11.7 (5.5) years. Overall, the transitional MHO individuals had a significant risk of CVD incidence [HR=1.42, 95% CI (1.24-1.60)]. In addition, in both male and female subgroups, unstable MHO phenotype demonstrated a significant CVD risk and HRs for incident CVD in males and females were 1.51 (1.07-1.96) and 1.71 (1.08-2.34), respectively.
Transition from MHO to unhealthy state throughout follow-up elevated the risk of CVD in both male and female groups. This can explain the association between MHO and incidence of CV events especially with longer follow up period.
CRD42021270225.
CRD42021270225.
Vitamin D insufficiency has been related to metabolic complications during pregnancy, including insulin resistance. There is evidence that excessive weight gain can negatively influence 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations. We aimed to investigate the association of vitamin D insufficiency during pregnancy (25(OH)D
<75nmol/L in the second and third trimesters) with insulin resistance, and explore whether excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) could modify such relationship.
A prospective longitudinal analysis was conducted within the MINA-Brazil Study among 444 pregnant women enrolled in antenatal care and with complete data on 25(OH)D
, weight gain, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Quantile and logistic regression models were conducted with adjustment for sociodemographic, obstetric, and lifestyle characteristics, as well as gestational age and seasonality at outcome assessment. Predicted probabilities for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR>2.71) were estimated according to excessive GWG. Persistent vitamin D insufficiency was associated with increasing insulin concentrations (p for trend=0.04); pregnant women with vitamin D insufficiency in the second or third trimester had an odds ratio of 1.83 (95% confidence interval (95% CI)=1.03, 3.27) for insulin resistance, with significant modification by GWG (p=0.038). Among participants without excessive GWG, the predicted probability for insulin resistance was 0.345 (95% CI=0.224, 0.467) for those with persistent vitamin D insufficiency, and 0.134 (95% CI=0.046, 0.221) for those who were sufficient in vitamin D. Probabilities for insulin resistance did not vary according to vitamin D status among participants with excessive GWG.
Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with insulin resistance in the third trimester of pregnancy, dependent on excessive GWG.
Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with insulin resistance in the third trimester of pregnancy, dependent on excessive GWG.
The visceral adiposity index (VAI) has been recently established as a measure of visceral fat distribution and is shown to be associated with a wide range of adverse health events. However, the precise associations between the VAI score and all-cause and cause-specific mortalities in the general population remain undetermined.
In this large-scale prospective epidemiological study, 357,457 participants (aged 38-73 years) were selected from the UK Biobank. We used Cox competing risk regression models to estimate the association between the VAI score and all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and other mortalities. click here The VAI score was significantly correlated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.200; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.148-1.255; P<0.0001), cancer mortality (HR, 1.224; 95% CI, 1.150-1.303; P<0.0001), CVD mortality (HR, 1.459; 95% CI, 1.148-1.255; P<0.0001), and other mortalities (HR, 1.200; 95% CI, 1.148-1.255; P<0.0001) after adjusting for a series of confounders. In addition, the subgroup analyses showed that HRs were significantly higher in participants who were male, aged below 65 years, and body mass index less than 25.
In summary, VAI was positively associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortalities in a nationwide, well-characterised population identified in a UK Biobank. The VAI score might be a complementary traditional predictive indicator for evaluating the risk of adverse health events in the population of Western adults aged 38 years and older.
In summary, VAI was positively associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortalities in a nationwide, well-characterised population identified in a UK Biobank. The VAI score might be a complementary traditional predictive indicator for evaluating the risk of adverse health events in the population of Western adults aged 38 years and older.
Although some evidence suggests that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation influences enzymes involved in forming homocysteine (Hcy) and improving hyperhomocysteinemia, these findings are still contradictory in humans. The aim of this systematic and meta-analysis study was to investigate the effects of omega-3 supplementation on Hcy using existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Available databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase, were searched to find relevant RCTs up to June 2021. The effect size was expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
A total of 20 RCT studies with 2676 participants were included in this article. Our analyses have shown that omega-3 supplementation significantly reduced plasma Hcy levels (WMD 1.34μmol/L; 95% CI 1.97 to -0.72; P<0.001) compared to the control group. The results of subgroup analysis showed that omega-3 supplementation during the intervention <12 wes of normal Hcy. This meta-analysis showed that omega-3 supplementation significantly improved Hcy. However, further studies are needed to confirm the findings.
