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The novel COVID-19 disease has spread worldwide, resulting in a new pandemic. The Chinese government implemented strong intervention measures in the early stage of the epidemic, including strict travel bans and social distancing policies. Prioritizing the analysis of different contributing factors to outbreak outcomes is important for the precise prevention and control of infectious diseases. We proposed a novel framework for resolving this issue and applied it to data from China.

This study aimed to systematically identify national-level and city-level contributing factors to the control of COVID-19 in China.

Daily COVID-19 case data and related multidimensional data, including travel-related, medical, socioeconomic, environmental, and influenza-like illness factors, from 343 cities in China were collected. A correlation analysis and interpretable machine learning algorithm were used to evaluate the quantitative contribution of factors to new cases and COVID-19 growth rates during the epidemic period (ed on our analysis of individual cities, compared to Beijing, population flow from Wuhan and internal flow within Wenzhou were driving factors for increasing the number of new cases in Wenzhou. For Chongqing, the main contributing factor for new cases was population flow from Hubei, beyond Wuhan. The high COVID-19 growth rates in Wenzhou were driven by population-related factors.

Many factors contributed to the COVID-19 outbreak outcomes in China. The differential effects of various factors, including specific city-level factors, emphasize the importance of precise, targeted strategies for controlling the COVID-19 outbreak and future infectious disease outbreaks.

Many factors contributed to the COVID-19 outbreak outcomes in China. The differential effects of various factors, including specific city-level factors, emphasize the importance of precise, targeted strategies for controlling the COVID-19 outbreak and future infectious disease outbreaks.A simple and rapid reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. The RT-LAMP assay was highly specific for SARS-CoV-2 and was able to detect one copy of transcribed SARS-CoV-2 RNA within 24 minutes. Assay validation performed using 50 positive and 32 negative clinical samples showed 100% sensitivity and specificity. The RT-LAMP would be valuable for clinical diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infection in resource-limited areas as it does not require the use of sophisticated and costly equipment.

It is believed that radiotherapy has important effects on oxidant/antioxidant systems. Oxidative stress occurs when the balance between oxidant formation and antioxidant defense is disrupted in favour of oxidants. The aim of this study was to determine the biochemical changes in saliva pre- and post-radiotherapy in head-neck radiotherapy patients and to find out the effects of radiation on glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in saliva.

This study included 16 patients undergoing head-neck radiotherapy in the Atatürk University Research Hospital. The levels of GSH, GSH-Px, and MDA were measured in saliva samples taken from the patients pre- and post-radiotherapy. The same biochemical parameters were also measured in saliva samples from 30 healthy individuals who did not undergo head-neck radiotherapy. The data obtained were analysed using the paired t-test and the Mann-Whitney U test.

When the levels of GSH (p > 0.05), GSH-Px (p > 0.05), and MDA (p < 0.05) in saliva were compared pre- and post-radiotherapy in the patient group, the only significant increase was detected in MDA level post-radiotherapy. When the pre- and post-radiotherapy levels of saliva GSH (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively), GSH-Px (p > 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively), and MDA (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively) were compared with those of the control group, it was revealed that the GSH level significantly lower and the MDA level was significantly higher in both pre- and post-radiotherapy compared to the control group. Also, only the post-radiotherapy saliva GSH-Px level was found to be significantly lower than the control group.

These findings show that the changes in saliva GSH, GSH-Px and MDA levels in patients with head-neck malignity intensified due to radiation.

These findings show that the changes in saliva GSH, GSH-Px and MDA levels in patients with head-neck malignity intensified due to radiation.

To evaluate diagnostic efficacy of the apparent diffusion coefficient measurements from tumor (ADCt) and tumor circumference hyperintensities (ADCtch) in different types of malignant intra-axial brain tumors.

Between April 2013 and June 2017, 125 patients (52 females (41.6%) and 73 males (58.4%); mean age 53 years, age range 14-81 years), who underwent diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with intracranial mass, were retrospectively evaluated. The mean ADCt and ADCtch values and ratios were measured.

Of the 125 patients, 22 (17.6%) had a low-grade glioma (LGG), 55 (44%) had a high-grade glioma (HGG), 32 (25.6%) had metastasis, and 16 (12.8%) had lymphoma diagnosis. There was a statistically significant difference in LGG and HGG in terms of mean ADCt and mean ADCtch values, and ratios. ADCtch values and ratios showed a statistically significant difference in the differentiation of HGG and metastasis and in the differentiation of HGG and lymphoma. According to ROC curve analysis, a cut-off value of 1.49 × 10−3 mm2/s for the mean ADCtch value generated the best combination of 70% sensitivity and 71% specificity for differentiation of HGGs and metastasis. The mean ADCtch value had the highest statistical predictive value for differentiation of HGGs and lymphoma with a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 76% for the optimal cut-off value of 0.82 × 10ˉ3 mm2/s.

The mean ADCt ratio allowed reliable differentiation of LGG and high grade brain tumors, including HGGs, metastases, and lymphoma. The mean ADCtch might be a better imaging biomarker in the differentiation of HHG from metastasis and lymphoma.

The mean ADCt ratio allowed reliable differentiation of LGG and high grade brain tumors, including HGGs, metastases, and lymphoma. The mean ADCtch might be a better imaging biomarker in the differentiation of HHG from metastasis and lymphoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), are small noncoding regulatory RNAs, that function post-transcriptionally. MiRNA deregulation was observed in the development and progression of HCC. In this study we aimed to investigate the expression levels of four miRNA (mir-33a, mir-203b, mir361-3p and mir-424) in HCC patients in comparison to healthy individuals.

Venous blood samples were collected from both HCC patients and healthy individuals. In order to determine relative expression levels of mir-33a, mir-203b, mir361-3p and hsa-mir-424 in HCC patients using probe-based Quantitative Real Time PCR (qRT-PCR) is performed. The cycle threshold (Ct) results were analyzed according to the 2???Ct method and statistical analyses was performed by IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 15.

qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the expression level of mir-33a (fold change 7.3 and p<0,001), mir-203b (fold change 4.6 and p<0,001), mir361-3p (fold change 5.1 and p<0,001) were down regulated compared to healthy individuals and mir-424 did not show any significant change between the HCC patients and controls.

Our results indicated that mir-33a, mir-203b and mir-361-3p, may significantly contribute to tumor pathogenesis in HCC and would have potential to be used as a non-invasive biomarker for cancer therapy.

Our results indicated that mir-33a, mir-203b and mir-361-3p, may significantly contribute to tumor pathogenesis in HCC and would have potential to be used as a non-invasive biomarker for cancer therapy.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the Turkish reliability and validity of the medical outcomes study (MOS) sleep scale in patients who have obstructive sleep apnea.

The data of the study were collected from 120 adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea and from 90 healthy individuals between March 04 and May 31, 2019.

The Cronbach’s α internal consistency reliability coefficient of the MOS sleep scale was found as 0.82. The test-retest reliability was acceptable (r = 0.76-0.94). Six factors were identified by the factor analysis. These were the same as those in the original MOS-Sleep. The correlations between the MOS-Sleep and other instruments administered in this study provided evidence for structural validity. A significant relation was determined between MOS sleep scale and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) severity and the healthy group ( P < 0.05). Alpelisib mw In addition, the Cronbach α internal consistency reliability coefficient of the healthy group in MOS sleep scale was found as 0.78. The items of the six factors that were obtained with the confirmatory factor analysis for the MOS sleep scale of the healthy group were found to be the same as in the original MOS-Sleep.

Turkish MOS sleep scale is a measurement tool that consists of 12 items and 6 subdimensions with adequate validity and reliability indicators.

Turkish MOS sleep scale is a measurement tool that consists of 12 items and 6 subdimensions with adequate validity and reliability indicators.

Axially swept light sheet microscopy is used for deconvolution-free, high-resolution 3D imaging, but usually the axial scan mechanism reduces the top imaging speed. Phased arrays (PAs) for axial scanning enable both high resolution and high speed.

A high-speed PA with an update rate faster than the camera row read time is used to track the rolling shutter at camera-limited rates.

The point spread function is evaluated to ensure sub-micron isotropic resolution, and the technique is demonstrated on a live Drosophila embryo.

Isotropic resolution is shown down to 720  ±  55  nm in all three spatial dimensions. With an update rate of 2.85  μs, the PA tracks the camera sensor rolling shutter at camera-limited rates. Features in the Drosophila embryo are resolved clearly compared with the equivalent static light sheet case. The random-access nature of the PA enables a camera sensor readout in the same direction for each frame to maintain even temporal sampling in image sequences with no speed loss.

Use of PAs is compatible with axially swept light sheet microscopy and offers significant improvements in speed.

Use of PAs is compatible with axially swept light sheet microscopy and offers significant improvements in speed.

The arterial carbon dioxide (CO2) partial pressure PaCO2 is a clinically relevant variable. However, its measurement requires arterial blood sampling or bulky and expensive transcutaneous PtcCO2 meters. While the spectrophotometric determination of hemoglobin species-such as oxy-hemoglobin (O2Hb) and deoxy-hemoglobin (HHb)-allowed for the development of pulse oximetry, the measurement of CO2 blood content with minimal discomfort has not been addressed yet.

Characterizing human carbamino-hemoglobin (CO2Hb) absorption spectrum, which is missing from the literature. Providing the theoretical background that will allow for transcutaneous, noninvasive PaCO2 measurements.

A tonometry-based approach was used to obtain gas-equilibrated, lysed, diluted human blood. Equilibration was performed with both CO2, dinitrogen (N2), and ambient air. Spectrophotometric measurements were carried out on the 235- to 1000-nm range. A theoretical background was also derived from that of pulse oximetry.

The absorption spectra of both CO2Hb and HHb were extremely close and comparable with that of state-of-the-art HHb.