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Veterans are at heightened risk of being in a motor-vehicle crash and many fail on-road driving evaluations, particularly as they age. This may be due in part to the high prevalence of age-associated conditions impacting cognition in this population, including neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's Disease) and acquired neurological conditions (e.g., cerebrovascular accident). However, understanding of the impact of referral diagnosis, age and cognition on Veterans' on-road driving performance is limited.
109 Veterans were referred for a driving evaluation (mean age = 72.0, SD = 11.5) at a driving assessment clinic at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Healthcare System. Of the 109 Veterans enrolled, 44 were referred due to a neurodegenerative disease, 37 due to an acquired neurological condition, and 28 due to a non-neurological condition (e.g., vision loss). Veterans completed collection of health history information and administration of cognitive tests assessing visual attention, processing speedare insufficient to predict outcomes on driving evaluations.
Referral diagnosis and age alone are not reliable predictors of Veterans' driving performance. Cognitive performance, specifically speed of processing and attention, may be helpful in screening Veterans' driving safety. Practical Applications Clinicians tasked with assessing Veterans' driving safety should take into account cognitive performance, particularly processing speed and attention, when making decisions regarding driving safety. Age and referral diagnosis, while helpful information, are insufficient to predict outcomes on driving evaluations.
During this time ofintensified hardship and disruption due to the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic, communities, practitioners, and state and local governments have had to rapidly implement and adapt strategies that support mental health and wellbeing during a global pandemic. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, suicide was the 10th leading cause of death in the United States, and at least half of the top 10 leading causes of death have been associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). A number of established risk factors for suicide and ACEs may have been exacerbated by the pandemic, including loneliness and the lack of connectedness.
This article briefly considers the effects of COVID-19 on social connection and outlines the importance of adapting and developing programming and resources that address suicide and ACEs prevention during a time of infrastructure disruption. Practical Applications The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the ways that many individuals are able to safely interact and socially c Local, city, and state government, community organizations, and public health and medical practitioners should consider the adaptation and development of existing and new programming, resources, and activities that support and strengthen social connection. In addition to implementing programs, policies may help address systemic and structural barriers to social connection, such as access to parks and open space, public transportation, or digital connectivity.
As part of scaling up the response to the opioid overdose epidemic, there is an opportunity to examine how state public health departments addressed workforce and other infrastructure needs to implement a large-scale opioid overdose prevention program. find more Understanding how this was done-and any lessons learned from the process-can inform future workforce development and capital improvement efforts.
Administrative data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Prescription Drug Overdose Prevention for States (PfS) program were analyzed to understand how states adapted to this emerging public health priority.
Six months into the first year of funding, 6 of the 16 state health departments had filled all anticipated staffing positions. States faced challenges obtaining timely expenditure authority and hiring staff. However, states were able to overcome these challenges by strategically reassigning staff, hiring from within, and utilizing existing contract mechanisms.
Our analysis revealed how planning, using existing infrastructure, and maintaining a prepared workforce are critical to ensure that public health agencies have the ability to surge to meet emerging challenges and effectively utilize resources to achieve program goals. practical applications Greater attention should be directed toward strategically addressing known barriers and timelines in work plans and budgets during the application and selection process to ensure implementation readiness.
Our analysis revealed how planning, using existing infrastructure, and maintaining a prepared workforce are critical to ensure that public health agencies have the ability to surge to meet emerging challenges and effectively utilize resources to achieve program goals. practical applications Greater attention should be directed toward strategically addressing known barriers and timelines in work plans and budgets during the application and selection process to ensure implementation readiness.
Although stop signs are popular in North America, they have become controversial in cities like Montreal, Canada where they are often installed to reduce vehicular speeds and improve pedestrian safety despite limited evidence demonstrating their effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of stop-control configuration (and other features) on safety using statistical models and surrogate measures of safety (SMoS), namely vehicle speed, time-to-collision (TTC), and post-encroachment time (PET), while controlling for features of traffic, geometry, and built environment.
This project leverages high-resolution user trajectories extracted from video data collected for 100 intersections, 336 approaches, and 130,000 road users in Montreal to develop linear mixed-effects regression models to account for within-site and within-approach correlations. This research proposes the Intersection Exposure Group (IEG) indicator, an original method for classifying microscopic exposure of pedestrians and vehicles.
