Harveydaugherty5992

BACKGROUND Social media monitoring during TV broadcasts dedicated to vaccines can provide information on vaccine confidence. We analyzed the sentiment of tweets published in reaction to two TV broadcasts in Italy dedicated to vaccines, one based on scientific evidence [Presadiretta (PD)] and one including anti-vaccine personalities [Virus (VS)]. METHODS Tweets about vaccines published in an 8-day period centred on each of the two TV broadcasts were classified by sentiment. Differences in tweets' and users' characteristics between the two broadcasts were tested through Poisson, quasi-Poisson or logistic univariate regression. We investigated the association between users' characteristics and sentiment through univariate quasi-binomial logistic regression. RESULTS We downloaded 12 180 tweets pertinent to vaccines, published by 5447 users; 276 users tweeted during both broadcasts. Sentiment was positive in 50.4% of tweets, negative in 37.7% and neutral in 10.1% (remaining tweets were unclear or questions). The positive/negative ratio was higher for VS compared to PD (6.96 vs. 4.24, P less then 0.001). Positive sentiment was associated to the user's number of followers (OR 1.68, P less then 0.001), friends (OR 1.83, P less then 0.001) and published tweets (OR 1.46, P less then 0.001) and to being a recurrent user (OR 3.26, P less then 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Twitter users were highly reactive to TV broadcasts dedicated to vaccines. Sentiment was mainly positive, especially among very active users. Phospho(enol)pyruvic acid monopotassium compound library chemical Displaying anti-vaccine positions on TV elicited a positive sentiment on Twitter. Listening to social media during TV shows dedicated to vaccines can provide a diverse set of data that can be exploited by public health institutions to inform tailored vaccine communication initiatives. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association.Exosome is a crucial manner for cancer cell to cell communication and circulating exosomes sever as promising diagnostic and prognostic markers for various types of diseases. A predominant type of cargo of exosome is small RNAs, especially miRNAs. Here, we profiled plasma exosomal miRNAs of six lung adenocarcinoma patients before and after surgery, as well as six healthy individuals as normal control. Our profiling revealed 38 upregulated and 37 downregulated exosomal miRNAs in the plasma of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Additionally, we found that most upregulated miRNAs were increased in the lung adenocarcinoma samples of TCGA database. We further evaluated the correlation between the upregulated exosomal miRNAs and overall survival with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using online databases. Our results suggested that exosomal miR-151a-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-192-5p, miR-106b-3p, and miR-484 are potential prognostic markers for lung adenocarcinoma. Importantly, we validated candidate miRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma patients before and after surgery as well as in healthy controls and found that miR-484 was significantly increased in the plasma of lung adenocarcinoma patients and strikingly decreased post-surgery. Hence, we provided novel information on lung adenocarcinoma-derived exosomal miRNA and potential non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic markers for lung adenocarcinoma. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.Tea flavonoids have been suggested to offer potential benefits to cardiovascular health. This review synthesized the evidence on the relation between tea consumption and risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality among generally healthy adults. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Food Science and Technology Abstracts, and Ovid CAB Abstract databases were searched to identify English-language publications through 1 November 2019, including randomized trials, prospective cohort studies, and nested case-control (or case-cohort) studies with data on tea consumption and risk of incident cardiovascular events (cardiac or peripheral vascular events), stroke events (including mortality), CVD-specific mortality, or all-cause mortality. Data from 39 prospective cohort publications were synthesized. Linear meta-regression showed that each cup (236.6 mL)  increase in daily tea consumption (estimated 280 mg  and 338 mg  total flavonoids/d for black and green te Author(s) 2020.Head rotational kinematics and tissue deformation metrics obtained from finite element models (FEM) have the potential to be used as traumatic axonal injury (TAI) assessment criteria and headgear evaluation standards. These metrics have been used to predict the likelihood of TAI occurrence; however, their ability in the assessment of the extent of TAI has not been explored. In this study, a pig model of TAI was used to examine a wide range of head loading conditions in two directions. The extent of TAI was quantified through histopathology and correlated to the FEM-derived tissue deformations and the head rotational kinematics. Peak angular acceleration and maximum strain rate of axonal fiber and brain tissue showed relatively good correlation to the volume of axonal injury, with similar correlation trends for both directions separately or combined. These rotational kinematics and tissue deformations can estimate the extent of acute TAI. The relationships between the head kinematics and the tissue strain, strain rate, and strain times strain rate were determined over the experimental range examined herein, and beyond that through parametric simulations. These relationships demonstrate that peak angular velocity and acceleration affect the underlying tissue deformations and the knowledge of both help to predict TAI risk. These relationships were combined with the injury thresholds, extracted from the TAI risk curves, and the kinematic-based risk curves representing overall axonal and brain tissue strain and strain rate were determined for predicting TAI. After scaling to humans, these curves can be used for real-time TAI assessment. Copyright (c) 2020 by ASME.Silicon-oxygen and silicon-nitrogen heterodehydrocoupling catalyzed by the commercially available cyclopentadienyl dicarbonyl iron dimer [CpFe(CO)2]2 (1) under photochemical conditions is reported. Reactions between alcohols and PhSiH3 with catalytic 1 under visible-light irradiation produced silyl ethers quantitively. Reactions between either secondary or tertiary silanes and alcohols also produced silyl ethers, however, these reactions were marked by their longer reaction times and lower conversions. Reactions of either primary or secondary amines and silanes with catalytic 1 demonstrated mixed efficiency, featuring conversions of 20-100%. Mechanistic study indicates that an iron silyl compound is unimportant in the bond-formation step and argues for either a nucleophilic alkoxide or amide intermediate. Most important, mechanistic study reveals that the most immediate hurdle in the catalysis is the poor activation of 1, demonstrating the necessity to fully activate the catalyst to realize the potential of iron in this reactivity.The development of physical approaches and green technologies to construct novel chitin materials is essential for the exquisite utilization of the renewable and valuable resource of chitin. In the present study, chitin nanogels were simply fabricated from a chitin solution dissolved in 8% NaOH/4% urea aqueous solvent by high speed stirring. The mechanical stirring generated in situ heat that induced the regeneration of chitin chains and ensured good dispersion of the nanogels. The prepared nanogels were composed of spherical nanoparticles of size 20 to 30 nm with some aggregates. The formation of chitin nanogels was confirmed to be a physical process without using organic solvent or chemical crosslinking. Rheological tests revealed a shear thinning behavior of the nanogels and injectable hydrogels were developed accordingly. The chitin nanogels showed no toxicity to L929 cells and cell attachment on the surface of the nanogel was observed. Further, monodispersed cationic nanogels and anionic nanogels were facilely obtained by deacetylating and TEMPO-mediated oxidizing chitin nanogels, and demonstrated different antibacterial properties.Peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels are promising scaffold materials and have been utilized in many fields. The mechanical properties of peptide hydrogels are usually enhanced by synthetic or natural polymers to expand their application scope. In this study, antioxidant supramolecular hydrogels based on feruloyl-modified peptide and glycol chitosan were fabricated via a mild laccase-mediated crosslinking reaction. A natural polysaccharide derivative, feruloyl glycol chitosan (GC-Fer), was used to enhance the mechanical properties of peptide hydrogels. Feruloyl groups were introduced into the gel matrix via covalent bonds, which endowed the hydrogels with inherent antioxidant properties. This was beneficial for their in vivo application via scavenging harmful free radicals existing in a cutaneous wound. Further in vivo experiments demonstrated that the feruloyl-containing antioxidant hydrogel can improve the cutaneous wound healing process. The regeneration process of mature epithelium and connective tissues was accelerated in a full-thickness skin defect model.The novel attachment of the optoacoustic (OA) molecules indocyanine green (ICG) and Flamma®774 to the core of an iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticle has resulted in the facile synthesis of a multimodal imaging probe for both multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The nanoparticles have been analysed structurally, optically and magnetically to demonstrate the multimodal characteristics. The OA analysis of the dyes ICG and Flamma®774 showed that they have absorbance at the near IR wavelengths of 790 and 780 nm, respectively, when conjugated to an iron oxide core. These wavelengths are ideal for spectral unmixing of the probe intensity from any endogenous contrast, such as oxy-(HbO2) and deoxy-hemoglobin (Hb). MRI showed that citrate capped Fe3O4 exhibited a good r2 contrast of 230 mM-1 s-1, which is in line with literature values. Upon optoacoustic dye modification, the r2 relaxivity coefficient is comparable with that of Flamma®774 iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO-774) with r2 = 212 mM-1 s-1, showing that an OA dye attachment can have little to no effect on the MRI contrast. Indocyanine green functionalised iron oxide (FeO-ICG) nanoparticles showed an r2 contrast that was dramatically reduced with r2 = 5 mM-1 s-1. These results indicate that the facile synthesis of an effective dual modality MRI-MSOT probe can be developed using an iron oxide core and simple ligand coordination chemistry using an optoacoustic dye.Tendon injuries are common and require a long time to heal, and are particularly associated with some adverse problems such as adhesion and rupture. Herein, we aim to develop new bioactive scaffolds endowed with stem cell sheets and growth factors to enable cell migration and proliferation favorable for tendon regeneration in situ. An exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-loaded fibrin gel was firstly incorporated into the porous network of knitted poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds and then sheets of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were also integrated into the scaffolds. It was shown that the pores in the knitted PLGA scaffold were readily filled with a complex network of fibrin fiber gel and the fibrin fibers were beneficial for the controlled release of bFGF over a long time period. After transplantation in a critical-size Achilles tendon defect model (7 mm) in the rat right hindlimb, gross observation revealed no immunologic incompatibility or rejection derived from the scaffold systems.