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Furthermore and combined with wage levels, aspects related to scheduling, working hours, shift work, split shifts and understaffing generate a burdensome and stressful environment affecting the possibility to retain staff in a negative direction.

The research uses a new approach utilizing the BIKVA model, sense of coherence and NPM. The study shows that central in retaining nursing assistants at nursing homes relates to aspects such as wages, staffing, shift work and split shifts and continuous communication between nursing assistants and management.

The research uses a new approach utilizing the BIKVA model, sense of coherence and NPM. The study shows that central in retaining nursing assistants at nursing homes relates to aspects such as wages, staffing, shift work and split shifts and continuous communication between nursing assistants and management.This article discusses the physiological mechanisms of erection and the pathophysiological basis of erectile dysfunction. Parameters characterizing the features of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs from the group of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) are presented. The clinical efficacy and possible adverse effects of the most significant PDE-5i are considered. These include sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, udenafil, avanafil. There are also data on less known PDE-5i, which include lodenafil and mirodenafil.Bulbourethral glands are the accessory glands of the male reproductive system, the leading function of which is associated with ejaculation and includes both the neutralization of the acidic urine residues and environment of the female vagina, and friction reduction during the sexual intercourse. These glands play the role of immune barrier for urogenital infections, and also synthesize important autocrine and paracrine factors for the male urogenital system development. Glands pathologies usually have a subclinical course, however they can also lead to the functional disorders of the human urogenital system. The list of the most common diseases include cuperitis and syringocele. Usually their duration is asymptomatic and they are nearly impossible to diagnose; as a consequence, it is quite difficult to evaluate the real incidence of morbidity and importance of the bulbourethral gland pathology. In recent years, the vast majority of the bulbourethral glands researches are dedicated to the features of X-ray diagnostics and pathology detection, as well as to the description of rare clinical cases. Authors have analyzed the various available scientific data in order to review of morphological, physiological and clinical aspects of the Cowpers glands.The information about the founders of studies of the bladder function in our country, the features of the nervous and humoral regulation of the lower urinary tract activity, the cholinergic and adrenergic effects of mediators are presented in the article in the form of a clinical lecture. The pathogenetic features of detrusor dysfunction in overactive bladder and the principles of choosing drug therapy are described. Special attention is paid to the comparative characteristics of modern M-anticholinergics.COVID-19 is an acute respiratory viral disease that primarily affects the lungs, but can also affect other organs, including the kidneys. Damage to the kidneys can be caused by direct effects arising from the invasion of the virus into kidney cells, or it occurs secondarily due to immunological, hemocoagulation and ischemic disorders. Given the importance of preserving kidney function during illness and after recovery, this review aims to investigate the impact of novel coronavirus infection on the kidney and its role in the development of acute kidney injury.A growing body of research indicates an upward trend in the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) around the world. Acute pyelonephritis (AP), which is dangerous by the development of complex, life-threatening conditions, is no exception. Today the demographic portrait, as well as the characteristics of the causative agents and predisposing conditions of this disease are a global issue for the entire scientific community. In order to assess the data available in the global literature on the issues of epidemiology, etiology and predisposing factors for the development of AP, the search for publications was performed in the medical literature databases The Cochrane Database, MEDLINE/PubMed Database, eLIBRARY, ClinicalKey. The presented material includes, among others, 43 sources over the past 10 years, of which 31 publications over the past 5 years the largest and most representative studies reflecting the current situation with AP in the population among patients in certain areas and under various exogenous and endogenous conditions. ICI 46474 This study opens a series of three reviews on the problem of AP, involving discussion of key aspects of pathogenesis AP. Analysis of the literature indicates fragmentation and limited data when comparing the incidence of AP in different countries and different periods of time. The complexity of the intranosological structure of the varieties of acute pyelonephritis today dictates the advisability of updating approaches to research in this area, and the disease itself dynamically evolves along with its etiological agents, the nature of social behavior of people and environmental conditions in general.This manuscript provides an overview of the available literature about unilateral combination of nephrolithiasis and renal tumor. Analysis of publications has shown that ipsilateral staghorn calculus and kidney tumors are an extremely rare combination. The majority of these infrequent papers describe case reports where the method of treating such patients is limited by the capabilities and competence of the surgeon or clinic. Despite some messages of favorable outcomes of combined interventions, the effectiveness of simultaneous laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and pyelolithotomy has not been studied, and the technique of this procedure, tactics and criteria for choosing this method are not defined.An analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the predictors of prostate cancer recurrence are presented in the article. A deep analysis of both pathological and histological risk factors for progression was provided, as well as of laboratory and clinical predictors.