Halseymullins1260

Background and purpose - Pediatric fractures are a common cause of morbidity. So far, no larger Danish study has described the development in the incidence rates. Therefore, we describe the development in the incidence rates of pediatric fractures in the time period 1980-2018 and the frequency of the most common type of fractures.Patients and methods - This is a retrospective register study of all children aged 0-15 years with a fracture treated in the Emergency Department at Odense University Hospital, Denmark, between 1980 and 2018. For all cases, information on age, sex, date of treatment, diagnosis, and treatment was obtained from the patient registration system. Based on official public population counts we estimated age and sex-specific annual incidence rates.Results - 32,375 fractures were included. In the study period the incidence rate decreased by 12%. The incidence increased until the early 1990s. Thereafter incidence rates decreased until 2004-09, from then onward increasing towards the end of the study period. The highest age-specific incidence rate in boys of 522 per 10,000 person-years was at 13 years of age. In girls the age of the highest incidence rate decreased from 11 years in 1980 to 10 years in 2018. Fracture of the lower end of the forearm, the clavicle, and the lower end of the humerus had the highest single fracture incidence rates.Interpretation - The incidence rate of pediatric fractures decreased in the study period by 12%. The highest single fracture incidence rates were for fracture of the lower end of the forearm, the clavicle, and the lower end of the humerus. As the first longitudinal Danish study of pediatric fractures this study is a baseline for evaluating future interventions and future studies.Objective More and more pedestrians use mobile phones in their daily traffic activities by the roadside or even when crossing the street. The objective of this research is to examine pedestrians' traffic and safety behavior while texting or web-surfing, when crossing signalized intersections.Methods In order to compare the behavior of distracted and non-distracted pedestrians, an experimental process through video recording was carried out in real road conditions, in three signalized intersections in the center of Athens in Greece. Demographic and behavioral characteristics were observed, including use of mobile device. For the statistical analysis, two multiple linear regression models were developed to investigate the association of pedestrians' speed and distraction caused by mobile phone use. Additionally, binary logistic regression models were developed in order to determine the influence of distraction on pedestrians' safety characteristics and more specifically on near misses with oncoming vehicles.Resmporary daily life and their use and penetration is increasing rapidly as well. For this reason, it is crucial to investigate the impacts of distracted walking on pedestrians' traffic and safety behavior. Various measures and strategies should be implemented and further research should be conducted as texting and web-surfing distraction is associated with a rather high risk.Purpose The aim was to identify severity factors useful in the initial management of patients with acute ocular exposure while considering both categories of products involved and circumstances of exposure. Methods A retrospective study over a one-year period that included patients who benefited from the poison center services for eye exposure to a chemical substance. Results Within a year, 1582 patients were identified. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.8. The mean age was 28.5 ± 20.3 years. Among children, those under 4 years represented the most significant age category (n = 277; 50.1%). Exposure to chemicals were mild (n = 1342, 84.8%). Adults over 65 years appeared to be more likely to have severe ocular damage (OR 4.75; [2.26; 9.98]). Unintentional exposures were the most frequent (n = 1548; 97.8%). Tacrolimus research buy Ocular exposure primarily occurred at home (n = 937; 59.2%), and at the workplace (n = 396; 25%) which was associated with a higher risk of severe injury (OR 2.93 [2.16; 3.97]). Cleaning products accounted for 31.2% of exposure cases (n = 457). Exposure to disinfectants is a risk factor of more severe injuries (OR 1.48 [1.002; 2.19] p = .0472) whereas pH and severity of injuries were not statistically significant. Conclusions Our study showed the very wide variety of products involved in ocular exposures. Clinicians should pay attention to factors associated with severe injury, including young and old age, work-related injury, substances such as disinfectants, in addition to previously known factors such as acids and bases.Purpose To determine how kidney function identified by diagnosis codes compares to lab results-based kidney function for predicting the risk of vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR). Methods A US medical claims database was used for this retrospective observational study. Adult patients enrolled from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2016 with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) were followed. Patients were excluded if they had any previous diagnosis or treatment of VTDR or VTDR diagnosed within 2 years of insurance plan entry. ICD9/10 Chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnoses from outpatient claims were used to classify kidney disease with or without end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Serum creatinine was used to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR). Multivariate Cox models with time-dependent covariates were used to assess the associations of kidney disease diagnosis and eGFR with progression to VTDR, controlling for demographics and time-dependent covariates (systemic health, laboratory results, insulin use). C-statistic (a measure of model discrimination), hazard ratio (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated from multivariate Cox models. Results Among 69,982 patients with NPDR, 12,770 (18.2%) developed VTDR. C-statistic was identical (0.60, 95% CI 0.59-0.60) for the multivariate model with eGFR and for the multivariate model with kidney diagnosis codes. eGFRs lower than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2(HR>1.14, p less then .02 for all comparisons), and a diagnosis of ESRD (HR = 1.07, p = .02) were associated with higher risk of progression to VTDR. Conclusions Both diagnosis-based and lab results-based kidney function were associated with the development of VTDR and predict the development of VTDR equally well.