Haahrmurray0680

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further illustrated that the existence of Au nanoparticles exhibits higher adsorption energy and net charge transfer for CB. In addition, the relationship between the sensing performances of pristine ZFO and Au@ZFO yolk-shell spheres for chlorobenzene and the factors of Au loading amount, operating temperature, and humidity was also fully investigated in this work.For the first time, dielectric properties and electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing performance of single-source-precursor derived Mo4.8Si3C0.6/SiC/Cfree ceramic nanocomposites with a highly electrically conductive intermetallic Nowotny phase (NP, i.e., Mo4.8Si3C0.6) are reported. High-temperature phase evolution of the nanocomposites reveals that free carbon (Cfree) plays a crucial role in the in situ formation of the NP, indicating that the microstructure of the nanocomposites can be tailored via molecular design of the single-source precursors. Compared with SiC/Cfree and MoSi2/SiC/Cfree nanocomposites obtained under the same conditions, the Mo4.8Si3C0.6/SiC/Cfree nanocomposites exhibit significantly enhanced EMW absorbing performance. A minimum reflection loss (RL) of -59 dB was achieved at 8 GHz for the thickness of 2.46 mm, proving the superiority of the Mo4.8Si3C0.6/SiC/Cfree nanocomposite as an outstanding EMW absorbing material. On the basis of our previous discovery that the Mo4.8Si3C0.6 embedded in a SiC-based matrix with high specific surface area exhibits excellent electrocatalytic properties suitable for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction, the present results prove that Mo4.8Si3C0.6/SiC/Cfree nanocomposites have to be considered as novel multifunctional materials with tailorable microstructure and excellent performance in two different fields including electrochemical water splitting and EMW absorption.To perform a systematic review of the data collected from case-control studies conducted earlier to investigate the correlation between E-selectin S128R polymorphism and ischemic stroke (IS) risk among the Chinese population. The PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), Chinese databases China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanfangData knowledge service platform (Wanfang Data), and information resource integration service platform (VIP) Databases were searched to retrieve case-control studies on the correlation between E-selectin gene S128R polymorphism and IS from the inception of the database till June 2019. The literature was screened, data were extracted, the risk of bias was reviewed, and the studies included were assessed independently by two reviewers. selleck kinase inhibitor Stata ver. 12.0 software (Stata Corp LLC, College Station, TX, USA) was used to perform the meta-analysis. A total of 2907 cases from eight case-control studies involving 1478 IS patients and 1429 controls were included in this study. The R allele and RS genotype in E-selectin were found to be associated with the risk of IS as per the results of the meta-analysis (R vs. S odds ratio [OR], 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.15-3.51; p less then 0.00001; RS vs. SS OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.95-3.19; p less then 0.00001; RR+RS vs. SS OR, 2.85, 95% CI, 2.21-3.67; p less then 0.00001). The E-selectin gene S128R polymorphism is likely related to IS based on the results of a meta-analysis in the Chinese population, and the R allele and RS genotype of E-selectin may be IS risk factors.Objective An important factor during pituitary adenoma surgery is to preserve pituitary stalk (PS) as this plays a role in reduction of the risk of postoperative diabetes insipidus. The hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract (HHT) projects through the PS to the posterior pituitary gland. To reconstruct white matter fiber pathways, methods like diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography have been widely used. In this report we attempted to predict the position of PS using DTI tractography and to assess its intraoperative correlation during surgery of pituitary adenomas. Methods DTI tractography was used to tract the HHT in nine patients before craniotomy for pituitary adenomas. The DTI location of the HHT was compared with the PS position identified at the time of surgery. DTI fiber tracking was carried out in nine patients prior to the planned craniotomy for pituitary adenomas. In one patient, the PS could not be identified during the surgery. In the other eight patients, a comparison was made between the location of the HHT identified by DTI and the position of the PS visualized at the time of surgery. Results The position of the HHT identified by DTI showed consistency with the intraoperative position of the PS in seven patients (88.9% concordance). Conclusion This study shows that DTI can identify the position of the HHT and thus the position of the PS with a high degree of reliability.The aim of this study was to determine the level of antibodies against hemagglutinin of influenza viruses in the sera of people in the seven age groups in the epidemic season 2018/2019 in Poland. The level of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies was determined by hemagglutination inhibition test (HAI). 1050 clinical samples from all over the country were tested. The level of antibodies against influenza viruses was highest in the 10-14 age group for A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (H3N2) and B/Phuket/3073/2013 Yamagata lineage antigens. These results confirm the circulation of four antigenically different influenza virus strains, two subtypes of influenza A virus - A/Michigan/45/2015 (H1N1)pdm09 and A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (H3N2) and two lineages of influenza B virus - B/Colorado/06/2017 - Victoria lineage and B/Phuket/3073/2013 Yamagata lineage.With rising global concerns over the alarming levels of particulate pollution, a sustainable air quality management is the need of the hour. Air filtration research has gained momentum in recent years. However, the research perspective is still blinkered toward formulating new fiber systems for the energy-intensive electrospinning process to fabricate high quality factor air filters. A holistic approach on sustainable air filtration models is still lacking. The air filter model presented in this work uses a simple process involving water-induced self-organization and self-regeneration of nanofibers, and an easy recycling route after the filter life that not only facilitates reuse of the microfibrous scaffold holding the nanofibers but also allows renewal of nanofibers. Three generations of air filters are fabricated and tested, all having high particulate matter (PM)-adsorbing tendency, high filtration efficiency (>95%), and high Young's modulus (≈5 GPa). The renewable air filters offer a sustainable alternative to the present cost-intensive electrospun air filters. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Metal-organic framework (MOF) is highly desirable as a functional material owing to its low density, tunable pore size, and diversity of coordination formation, but limited by the poor dielectric properties. Herein, by controlling the solvent and mole ratio of cobalt/linker, multidimension-controllable MOF-derived nitrogen-doped carbon materials exhibit tunable morphology from sheet-, flower-, cube-, dodecahedron- to octahedron-like. Tunable electromagnetic parameters of Co@N-doped carbon composites (Co@NC) can be obtained and the initial MOF precursor determines the distribution of carbon framework and magnetic cobalt nanoparticles. Carbonized Co@NC composites possess the following advantages i) controllable dimension and morphology to balance the electromagnetic properties with evenly charged density distribution; ii) magnetic-carbon composites offer plenty of interfacial polarization and strong magnetic coupling network; iii) a MOF-derived dielectric carbon skeleton provides electronic transportation paths and enhances conductive dissipation. Surface-mediated magnetic coupling reflects the stray magnetic flux field, which is corroborated by the off-axis electron holography and micro-magnetic simulation. Optimized octadecahedral Co@NC sample exhibits the best microwave absorption (MA) of -53.0 dB at the thickness of 1.8 mm and broad effective frequency from 11.4 to 17.6 GHz (Ku-band). These results pave the way to fabricate high-performance MA materials with balanced electromagnetic distribution and controlled morphology. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.OBJECTIVE The increased availability of highly effective, treatments in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) necessitates a re-examination of study designs evaluating new treatments. The objective of this manuscript is to discuss possible specifications and considerations of non-inferiority (NI) trials assessing drug effects in RA. METHODS We focused on the use of approved TNF inhibitors as potential active controls and reviewed previous placebo-controlled studies. We summarized the similarities in baseline characteristics and study design of the historical placebo-controlled studies used. After performing meta-analyses to estimate the effects of TNF inhibitors on symptoms, physical function, and radiographic progression in RA, we proposed NI margins and evaluated the feasibility of NI trials in this therapeutic setting. RESULTS We determined that an NI trial comparing an experimental treatment to a TNF inhibitor using the symptomatic endpoint of ACR20 response can feasibly provide evidence of a treatment effect, with a 12% absolute difference as one possible appropriate NI margin. For change from baseline in HAQ-DI, reasonable margins range from 0.10 to 0.12. In evaluating radiographic progression, an appropriate margin and the corresponding feasibility of the trial is dependent on the selected active control and the expected variability in progression. CONCLUSION Active-controlled studies in RA with justified NI margins can provide persuasive evidence of treatment effects on symptomatic, functional, and radiographic endpoints. Such studies can also provide reliable, controlled safety data and relevant information for treatment decisions in clinical practice. Thus, we recommend considering NI designs in future clinical trials in RA. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.In the context of sensing and transport control, nanopores play an essential role. Designing multifunctional nanopores and placing multiple surface functionalities with nanoscale precision remains challenging. Interface effects together with a combination of different materials are used to obtain local multifunctionalization of nanoscale pores within a model pore system prepared by colloidal templating. Silica inverse colloidal monolayers are first functionalized with a gold layer to create a hybrid porous architecture with two distinct gold nanostructures on the top surface as well as at the pore bottom. Using orthogonal silane- and thiol-based chemistry together with a control of the wetting state allows individual addressing of the different locations within each pore resulting in nanoscale localized functional placement of three different functional units. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization is used for inner silica-pore wall functionalization. The hydrophobized pores create a Cassie-Baxter wetting state with aqueous solutions of thiols, which enables an exclusive functionalization of the outer gold structures.