Guldborgkamper3887

Differences in structural white and gray matter in survivors of traumatic experiences have been related to the development and maintenance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, there are very few studies on diffusion tensor imaging and region based morphometry comparing patients with PTSD to two control groups, namely healthy individuals with or without trauma experience. It is also unknown if differences in white and gray matter are associated. BiP Inducer X nmr In this cross-sectional study, we examined white- and gray matter differences between 44 patients with PTSD, 49 trauma control and 61 healthy control subjects. We compared the groups applying Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) for a whole brain white matter analysis as well as region of interest analyses for white and gray matter. First, trauma control subjects in comparison to patients with PTSD and healthy control subjects showed significantly a) higher fractional anisotropy (FA) in the left corticospinal tract and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculusns for PTSD.

Successful neurosurgical intervention in gliomas depends on the precision of the preoperative definition of the tumor and its margins since a safe maximum resection translates into a better patient outcome. Metabolic high-resolution imaging might result in improved presurgical tumor characterization, and thus optimized glioma resection. To this end, we validated the performance of a fast high-resolution whole-brain 3D-magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) method at 7T in a patient cohort of 23 high-grade gliomas (HGG).

We preoperatively measured 23 patients with histologically verified HGGs (17 male, 8 female, age 53±15) with an MRSI sequence based on concentric ring trajectories with a 64×64×39 measurement matrix, and a 3.4×3.4×3.4mm

nominal voxel volume in 15min. Quantification used a basis-set of 17 components including N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA), total choline (tCho), total creatine (tCr), glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), glycine (Gly) and 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). The resultant metabolic i between tumor regions and peritumoral tissue for multiple metabolites. Increases of tCho, Gln (related to tumor metabolism), Gly (related to tumor proliferation), as well as decreases in NAA, tCr, and others, corresponded very well to clinical tumor segmentation, but were more heterogeneous and often extended into the peritumoral region.

We successfully demonstrated high-resolution 7T 3D-MRSI in HGG patients, showing metabolic differences between tumor regions and peritumoral tissue for multiple metabolites. Increases of tCho, Gln (related to tumor metabolism), Gly (related to tumor proliferation), as well as decreases in NAA, tCr, and others, corresponded very well to clinical tumor segmentation, but were more heterogeneous and often extended into the peritumoral region.With a dismal survival rate, pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most aggressive and devastating malignancies, predominantly due to the absence of a valid biomarker for diagnosis and limited therapeutic options for advanced diseases. Exosomes (Exo) as cell-derived vesicles, are widely used as natural nanocarriers for drug delivery. P21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) is oncogenic when overexpressed, promoting cell survival, migration and anchorage-independent growth. Herein we validated PAK4 as a therapeutic target in an in vivo PC tumour mouse model using Exo-mediated RNAi following intra-tumoural administration. PC derived Exo were firstly isolated by ultracentrifugation on sucrose cushion and characterised for their surface marker expression, size, number, purity and morphology. SiRNA was encapsulated into Exo via electroporation and dual uptake of Exo and siRNA was investigated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. In vitro siPAK4 silencing in PC cells following uptake was assessed by flow cytometry,c target for PC. PANC-1 Exo demonstrated comparable efficacy but safer profile than PEI as in vivo RNAi transfection reagent.The inverse problem of electrocardiography (ECG) of computing epicardial potentials from body surface potentials, is an ill-posed problem and needs to be solved by regularization techniques. The L2-norm regularization can cause considerable smoothing of the solution, while the L1-norm scheme promotes a solution with sharp boundaries/gradients between piecewise smooth regions, so L1-norm is widely used in the ECG inverse problem. However, large amount of computation and long computation time are needed in the L1-norm scheme. In this paper, by combining iterative reweight norm (IRN) with a factorization-free preconditioned LSQR algorithm (MLSQR), a new IRN-MLSQR method was proposed to accelerate the convergence speed of the L1-norm scheme. We validated the IRN-MLSQR method using experimental data from isolated canine hearts and clinical procedures in the electrophysiology laboratory. The results showed that the IRN-MLSQR method can significantly reduce the number of iterations and operation time while ensuring the calculation accuracy. The number of iterations of the IRN-MLSQR method is about 60%-70% that of the conventional IRN method, and at the same time, the accuracy of the solution is almost the same as that of the conventional IRN method. The proposed IRN-MLSQR method may be used as a new approach to the inverse problem of ECG.

Exposure of alcohol and/or other addictive drugs in pregnancy is a documented risk factor for later neurological impairment.

The aim of the study was to determine whether infants suffering from prenatal exposure to addictive drugs and alcohol develop an abnormal motor behaviour at three to four months of age.

Controlled cohort study of infants exposed to alcohol and/or other addictive drugs in pregnancy who were recruited from a hospital follow-up programme. The control group consisted of healthy, unexposed infants.

The study group of 108 infants exposed to alcohol and/or addictive drugs in pregnancy were enrolled based on referrals from primary health care. The control group included 106 infants who had not been exposed to the aforementioned substances.

We assessed the general movements (Prechtl's General-Movement-Assessment, GMA), the motor repertoire (Assessment-of-Motor-Repertoire, AMR), and the Alberta-Infant Motor-Scale (AIMS) in all infants at three to four months of age.

None of the infants in either group had absent fidgety movements (FMs).