Griffithalford2025
Between August 2014 and July 2017, 2014 patients suspected of having the disease were tested by microscopy, including 1267 who were tested in the new facilities. This resulted in the identification of 78 new rHAT cases, of which six died. Compared with previous years, data obtained during this period indicate that access to diagnostic services closer to where people at the greatest risk of infection live promotes identification of cases in earlier stages of infection, and improves treatment outcomes.The Grand Magal is a religious pilgrimage that takes place in Senegal. Methylation inhibitor An estimated 4-5 million individuals yearly gather in the holy city of Touba. Pilgrims comes from the whole Senegal and surrounding countries and from countries outside of Africa where Mouride Senegalese emigrated. It is the largest Mass Gathering (MG) event of the Mouride community and the largest Muslim religious MG in West Africa. The context of the Grand Magal MG is unique given its location in a tropical developing country and its international component which may favour the globalization of local endemic diseases and warrants investment in modern methods for public health surveillance and planning of the event.
Cancer epidemiology in Saudi Arabia (SA) differs from that of the USA with respect to types of common malignancies. Hematologic malignancies are among the top five cancers prevalent in SA, including lymphoma and leukemia. Most common malignancies in SA also include breast, thyroid, and colorectal cancer. We sought to evaluate the current trends of these most common cancers in SA.
Electronic search analysis pertaining to Hodgkin's lymphoma, leukemia, breast, colorectal, and thyroid cancer were carried out from two databases The Saudi Cancer Registry (SCR) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER). Data on prevalence and incident frequency were collected. Trends from 2001 to 2014 were calculated and compared between SCR and SEER.
Leukemia is the most common cancer type among males in SA, followed by colorectal cancer. Hodgkin's lymphoma has become the third most common malignancy among Saudi males. Percentage of women's breast cancer and thyroid cancer among total cancer cases have increased by 10.5% and 1.7% respectively from 2001 to 2014, making them the first and second most common cancers in women respectively. Trends of thyroid cancer among males has been stable. Colorectal cancer stands as third most common among Saudi females.
There have been significant changes in trends of incidence rate of the most common cancers in SA among both males and females over the past decade. Breast cancer rates have risen at an alarming pace. More epidemiological studies need to be conducted to evaluate etiological factors at environmental, molecular, and genetic levels.
There have been significant changes in trends of incidence rate of the most common cancers in SA among both males and females over the past decade. Breast cancer rates have risen at an alarming pace. More epidemiological studies need to be conducted to evaluate etiological factors at environmental, molecular, and genetic levels.The globalization of medical research and global health's increasing popularity worldwide have resulted in greater geographic, ethnic, and socioeconomic diversity of studies published in the scientific literature. Yet the geographic distribution, authorship representation, and subject trends among Low-/Low-Middle-Income Country (LIC/LMIC)-based scientific publications remain largely unknown. This analysis assesses these gaps in knowledge. We performed a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of all scientific articles published between January 2014 and June 2016 in the four most prominent general medicine and five most prominent general global health journals based on impact factor. The African region, containing 24% of the global LIC/LMIC population, accounted for 49.9% of all publications. Corresponding authors with either exclusive or joint appointment to a LIC/LMIC institution were present in 26.2% of all included articles. Over one-quarter (28.8%) of all publications did not list a local author. Nearly two-thirds (62.1%) of articles published in global health journals and roughly half (52.4%) in general medicine journals involved infectious diseases. Non-HIV infectious disease studies were by far the most frequent subject areas across all journals. The trends identified in this study may help to inform the evolution and prioritization of future research efforts, thereby allowing global health to remain truly global.
In India, ensuring all Persons with Presumptive TB (PPTB) undergo TB diagnostic tests and initiating all diagnosed TB patients on treatment are two major implementation challenges.
In a coastal district of Karnataka state, South India, to (1) determine the number and proportion of PPTB who did not undergo any TB diagnostic test, and the number and proportion of TB patients who were not initiated on treatment (2) explore the facilitators and barriers in TB diagnostic testing and treatment initiation from health care providers' perspective.
For objective-1, we used a cross-sectional design involving review of data of PPTB enrolled for care during January-March 2019 and for objective-2, we used a qualitative design involving key informant interviews of health care providers.
Of 8822 PPTB patients enrolled for evaluation of TB, 767 (9%) had not undergone any TB diagnostic test. In those who had undergone any TB diagnostic test, a total of 822 were diagnosed with TB and of them, 26 (3%) were not initiated on treatment. Cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification tests was used as a diagnostic test only among 1188 (13.5%) PPTB patients. The gaps in diagnostic testing were due to non-availability of doctors/lab-technicians, inadequate knowledge about TB diagnostic tests among health care providers, reluctance of patients to undergo the TB diagnostic tests due to stigma/confidentiality issues and sub-optimal engagement of private health facilities for TB control.
About 9% of PPTB not undergoing any test for TB and 3% of the TB patients not initiated on treatment are of major concern. Revised National TB Control Programme needs to address the identified barriers to improve the process of TB diagnosis and treatment initiation.
About 9% of PPTB not undergoing any test for TB and 3% of the TB patients not initiated on treatment are of major concern. Revised National TB Control Programme needs to address the identified barriers to improve the process of TB diagnosis and treatment initiation.
