Graversenfunder4798

01). The expression in immature individuals was higher than that in mature ones (P less then 0.01). There were also differences in mRNA expression levels between different genotypes (P less then 0.05). In summary, the results of this study might provide potential markers and a theoretical basis for the improvement of chicken reproductive traits.H146-like goose-origin calicivirus (H146-like GCV) is a novel Caliciviridae family member in the Sanovirus genus that was recently discovered and proposed to cause runting-stunting syndrome and urate deposition in geese. At present, however, there is a lack of epidemiological information pertaining to the dynamics and distribution of H146-like GCV. The development of novel molecular diagnostic approaches capable of rapidly and accurately detecting this virus would support the strengthening, the prevention, and control of H146-like GCV infection. In the present study, we therefore used a TaqMan probe and primers specific for the viral nonstructural (NS) gene to develop a highly sensitive and specific PCR assay capable of detecting this H146-like GCV. The assay reproducibly detected 5.07 × 102 copies of a recombinant DNA plasmid containing the NS gene, with a dynamic range of 8 orders of magnitude (102-109 copies). Importantly, no cross-reactivity was observed with common viruses that affected waterfowl, and when we used this assay to evaluate clinical samples, we found it to be more sensitive and faster than traditional PCR. In summary, herein, we developed a novel TaqMan-based real-time PCR approach that could reliably detect and diagnose H146-like GCV. This tool will allow for the real-time diagnosis of H146-like GCV infections, enabling researchers to better understand the epidemiology and clinical presentation of this disease.In the modern poultry industry, with increasing product demand, muscle growth rate and meat yield in chickens have tremendously changed. Understanding the regulation of muscle development is important to maintain efficient growth and development in meat-type chickens. 20(S)-hydroxycholesterol (20S) is known as one of the naturally occurring osteogenic cholesterol derivatives due to its ability to induce osteogenic differentiation; however, no studies have evaluated myogenic response to 20S in chicken muscle cells. To determine the use of 20S in vitro for the proliferation and differentiation of chicken satellite cells, satellite cells were isolated from pectoralis major muscle of 4-week-old Ross 708 male chickens and subjected to 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 μmol of 20S during their proliferation and differentiation stages. Cell proliferation and differentiation were measured every 24 h for 72 h by determining DNA concentration, the activity of creatine kinase, and the expressions of myogenic regulatory transcription factors. Together these results suggested that a lower concentration of 20S did not affect myogenesis but a high concentration of 1.0 μmol 20S can negatively affect proliferation and differentiation in chicken satellite cells.Targeted green light photostimulation during the last stage of broiler incubation increases expression of the somatotropic axis. The purpose of this study was to further shorten the in ovo green light photostimulation and determine the critical age for photostimulation in broilers embryos, as a future strategy for broiler incubation. Fertile broilers eggs (n = 420) were divided into 5 treatment groups. The first group was incubated under standard conditions (in the dark) as the negative control group. The second was incubated under intermittent monochromatic green light using light-emitting diode lamps with an intensity of 0.1 W/m2 at shell level from embryonic day (ED) 0 of incubation until hatch, as a positive control. The third, fourth, and fifth groups were incubated under intermittent monochromatic green light from ED 15, 16, and 18 of incubation, respectively, until hatch. Elacridar All treatment groups showed elevated somatotropic axis expression compared with the negative control, with the group incubated under monochromatic green light from ED 18 until hatch showing results closest to the positive control. This suggests that broiler embryos can be exposed to in ovo green light photostimulation from a late stage of incubation (when transferring the eggs to the hatchery) and exhibit essentially the same outcome as obtained by photostimulation during the entire incubation period.Feed consumption represents a major cost in poultry production and improving feed efficiency is one of the important goals in breeding strategies. The present study aimed to analyze the relationship between feed efficiency and relevant traits and find the proper selection method for improving feed efficiency by using the Northeast Agricultural University High and Low Fat broiler lines that were divergently selected for abdominal fat content. A total of 899 birds were used to measure the feed intake (FI), abdominal fat weight (AFW), and body weight traits. The abdominal fat percentage (AFP), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and the residual feed intake (RFI) were calculated for each individual broiler. The differences in the AFW, AFP, and in traits relevant to feed efficiency, such as FCR and RFI, between the fat line and the lean line were analyzed, and the genetic parameters were estimated for AFW, AFP, and feed efficiency relevant traits. The results showed that AFW, AFP, body weight gain (BWG), FI, FCR, and RFI were significantly higher in the fat line compared with the lean line. The heritability of FI, BWG, FCR, RFI, AFW, and AFP were 0.45, 0.28, 0.36, 0.38, 0.33, and 0.30, respectively. Both FCR and RFI showed high positive genetic correlations with FI, AFW, and AFP and relatively low, negative genetic correlations with BWG. The RFI showed much higher positive genetic correlation with the abdominal fat traits than FCR. In addition, the FCR showed negative genetic correlation with body weight of 4 wk (BW4) and 7 wk (BW7), whereas RFI showed positive genetic correlation with BW4 and BW7. The results showed that both RFI and FCR could be used for improving feed efficiency. When selecting against RFI, the AFP could be significantly reduced, and by selecting against FCR, the body weight could be improved simultaneously.