Graversenberger8015

Among patients with penile urethral involvement, studies utilizing a penile skin incision had significantly higher pooled recurrence rates than those utilizing penile invagination (p=0.004). Across all studies, there was no evidence to suggest a difference in pooled recurrence rate between patients with and withou LS (p=0.36). However, across only long-term studies, recurrence risk was significantly higher for patients with LS (OR 1.83, p=0.05).

One-stage BMG urethroplasty is likely a viable surgical option for patients with LS-related strictures; however, high-quality data are limited. Future multi-institutional, long-term prospective studies are needed to assess durability of 1-stage repair.

One-stage BMG urethroplasty is likely a viable surgical option for patients with LS-related strictures; however, high-quality data are limited. Future multi-institutional, long-term prospective studies are needed to assess durability of 1-stage repair.

Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare but aggressive malignancy. While centralization of care to referral centers improves outcomes across common urologic malignancies, there exists a paucity of data for low-incidence cancers. We sought to evaluate differences in practice patterns and overall survival in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma across types of treating facilities.

We identified all patients diagnosed with ACC from 2004-2016 in the National Cancer Database. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate overall survival and multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to investigate independent predictors of OS. The chi-square test was used to analyze differences in practice patterns.

We identified 2,886 patients with adrenocortical carcinoma. Median overall survival was 21.8 months (95% CI 19.8-23.8). Academic centers had improved overall survival versus community centers on unadjusted Kaplan-Meier analysis (p <0.05) and had higher rates of adrenalectomy or radical

resection (p <0.0surgical treatment at academic facilities, but the survival benefit persists on multivariable analysis controlling for treatment modality. Further studies are needed to identify the most important predictors of survival in this at-risk population.

Our primary objective is to detail the incidence, site, and timing of pSCC recurrence after ILND.

Retrospective analysis of 551 patients who underwent ILND for pSCC, from 2000 to 2017. The primary outcome was pSCC recurrence after ILND. Recurrences were identified and stratified by site. Timing of recurrence was determined. Multivariable logistic regression analysis determined associations with recurrence. Multivariable Cox regression analysis determined associations with overall survival (OS). Sub-group analysis of the distant recurrences analyzed timing, and OS by site of distant recurrence.

176 (31.9%) recurred after ILND. Median time to recurrence was 10 months for distant recurrences, 12 for inguinal, 10.5 for pelvic, and 44.5 for local. Greater than 95% of distant, inguinal, and pelvic recurrences occurred within 48 months of ILND, versus 127 months for local recurrences. Post-ILND recurrence was associated with with pN2 (OR 1.99, 95 CI 1.0-4.1), and pN3 (OR 7.2, 95 CI 4.0-13.7). Patients who had local recurrence had similar OS to those without (HR 1.5, 95 CI 0.6-3.8), and worse OS was identified in patients with inguinal (HR 4.5, 95 CI 2.8-7.1), pelvic (HR 2.6, 95 CI 1.5-4.5), or distant (HR 4.0, 95 CI 2.7-5.8) recurrences. Patients with lung recurrences had worse OS than other sites (HR 2.2, 95 CI 1.1-4.3).

31.9% of patients had post-ILND recurrence associated with high pN staging. Greater than 95% of distant, inguinal, and pelvic recurrences occurred within 48 months, suggesting surveillance beyond this is low yield. Local recurrences occurred over a longer timeline, emphasizing necessity of long-term surveillance of the primary site.

31.9% of patients had post-ILND recurrence associated with high pN staging. Greater than 95% of distant, inguinal, and pelvic recurrences occurred within 48 months, suggesting surveillance beyond this is low yield. find more Local recurrences occurred over a longer timeline, emphasizing necessity of long-term surveillance of the primary site.Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) presents significant economic importance in Brazil and other developing countries due to its use in human and animal feeding. In 2019, cassava plants sampled in Pará state (Brazil) presented necrotic and irregular leaf spots, characteristic symptoms of cassava anthracnose. About 90% of the plants were symptomatic, and disease severity was higher during months with high temperature and humidity. Fragments of symptomatic tissues were removed from the lesion transition area, surface disinfested (45 s in 70% ethanol, 1 min in 1% NaOCl, and rinsed twice in sterile water), and plated on potato dextrose agar. Cultures were incubated at 25 °C under continuous light for 7 days. Among the obtained isolates, seven presented grey felt-like mycelium with white sectors, reverse greyish, and hyaline, aseptate, smooth-walled, falcate conidia with average size 20.7-30.7 (26.1 ± 2.1) × 2.4-4.8 (3.5 ± 0.5) μm. Phenotypical features were similar to C. truncatum (Damm et al. 2019). The representmptomatic leaves and was phenotypically identical to the original isolate UFT/Coll87, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Colletotrichum fructicola, C. karstii, C. plurivorum, and C. siamense were reported causing cassava anthracnose in China (Liu et al. 2019). In Brazil, C. chrysophilum, C. fructicola, C. siamense and C. theobromicola were reported in association with cassava (Bragança et al. 2016; Oliveira et al. 2018; Machado et al. 2020). To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. truncatum causing cassava anthracnose worldwide. Our finding is important for disease management due to the high host range of C. truncatum. The pathogen can reduce the cassava yield, and the crop may serve as a potential inoculum source since it is commonly cultivated near to other crops that are also infected by C. truncatum.Rubus corchorifolius is one of the most economically important fruit trees, (Tian et al. 2021). A severe leaf spot disease on leaves of R. corchorifolius was observed in Longquan county, Zhejiang province (118°42'E, 27°42'N) in 2019, with disease incidence of more than 20% on affected plants. The symptoms on leaves of the naturally affected plants were early necrotic lesion with white centers, surrounded by yellow halos ( less then 5 mm). Later, lesions were expanded with yellowish-brown centers, surrounded by yellow halos ( less then 5 mm). Putative pathogenic fungi were isolated as described by Fang (1998) and two pure single-colony fungal strains (FPZ1 and FPZ2) were selected for further analysis. The fungi was cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium for 6 days, at 25°C. The colonies had gray-green centers, white aerial mycelium and gelatinous orange conidial masses. The conidia were unicellular, smooth-walled, hyaline, cylindrical with obtuse to rounded ends, the size 10.15 to 14.09 µm (mean = 12.