Granthedrick2914

We believe protective factors such as resilience are influential concerning this outcome.Colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (AFM) allows us to explore sliding friction phenomena in graphite contacts of nominal lateral size up to hundreds of nanometers. It is known that contact formation involves tribo-induced material transfer of graphite flakes from the graphitic substrate to the colloidal probe. In this context, sliding states with nearly vanishing friction, i.e., superlubricity, may set in. Cell Cycle inhibitor A comprehensive investigation of the transfer layer properties is mandatory to ascertain the origin of superlubricity. Here we explore the friction response of micrometric beads, of different size and pristine surface roughness, sliding on graphite under ambient conditions. We show that such tribosystems undergo a robust transition toward a low-adhesion, low-friction state dominated by mechanical interactions at one dominant tribo-induced nanocontact. Friction force spectroscopy reveals that the nanocontact can be superlubric or dissipative, in fact undergoing a load-driven transition from dissipative stick-slip to continuous superlubric sliding. This behavior is excellently described by the thermally activated, single-asperity Prandtl-Tomlinson model. Our results indicate that upon formation of the transfer layer, friction depends on the energy landscape experienced by the topographically highest tribo-induced nanoasperity. We consistently find larger dissipation when the tribo-induced nanoasperity is slid against surfaces with higher atomic corrugation than graphite, like MoS2 and WS2, in prototypical van der Waals layered heterojunctions.Cationic antimicrobial peptide PGLa gets into close contact with the anionic bacterial cell membrane, facilitating cross-membrane transport phenomena and membrane disruption depending on the concentration. The mechanisms of action are closely associated with the tilted insertion geometry of PGLa. Therefore, we aimed to understand the interaction between the transmembrane potential (TMP) and the orientation of the membrane-bound PGLa helix. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed with TMP, and we found that the PGLa tilt angle relative to the membrane is coupled with the TMP. Elevated TMP increases the population of the tilted state. We observed positive feedback between the tilt angle and the TMP, which occurs due to the electrostatic interaction between the peptidic helix and the Na+ cations at the membrane-water interface. These TMP coupled phenomena can contribute to understanding the direct antimicrobial and adjuvant effects of PGLa in combination with regular antibiotics.

Evaluate barriers that deter adult patients from following through with cochlear implantation.

Retrospective chart review and phone survey.

Single tertiary referral center.

Between January 2019 and August 2021, 113 patients, without a previous cochlear implant (CI), were determined to be candidates for cochlear implantation. Thirty-eight (33.6%) patients deferred cochlear implantation. Survey response rate was 61.1% (22/36).

None.

Demographic, socioeconomic, otologic history, and comorbidity factors associated with deferment of cochlear implantation. Patient survey assessment of factors that had the greatest impact, rated on a scale of 1 to 10 (10 being the most impactful), on their decision to defer a CI.

Out of the 113 patients who met inclusion criteria, 75 (66.3%) underwent cochlear implantation and 38 (33.6%) patients deferred. Comparing implanted versus deferred groups, there was no statistical difference in age (67.1 y versus 68.5 y; p = 0.690) or male sex (53.3% versus 57.9%; p = 0.692). The deferred group had higher mean neighborhood disadvantage state decile (5.3 versus 4.3; p = 0.064) and national percentile (73.0 versus 66.2; p = 0.106) scores, although neither were statistically significant. A greater proportion of the deferred group were not living independently at time of CI evaluation (13.2 versus 2.7%; p = 0.017). Fear of losing residual hearing was rated the highest among the survey respondents (mean rating of 5.1), followed by general medical health (4.9) and cost and financial concerns (3.6).

The greatest concern among the patients was the fear of losing residual hearing. Spending greater time educating patients about the success and failure rates of cochlear implantation may reduce patient hesitancy with implantation.

The greatest concern among the patients was the fear of losing residual hearing. Spending greater time educating patients about the success and failure rates of cochlear implantation may reduce patient hesitancy with implantation.

To identify variability in reported hearing outcomes for intratympanic (IT) steroid treatment of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) by comparing outcomes using the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) guideline with other published criteria.

Retrospective chart review.

Tertiary otology practice.

Patients with ISSNHL treated with IT steroid between April 2003 and December 2020.

IT steroid injection and audiometric evaluation.

1) Rates of full, partial, or no recovery using the AAO-HNS guideline versus other reported criteria, and 2) correlation analyses of demographic and clinical variables with response to IT steroid.

Using AAO-HNS reporting criteria, full recovery of the pure-tone average was noted in 25.68% of patients. Applying eight other published outcomes criteria to this patient cohort classified full recovery in 14.87 to 40.54% of patients. Similarly, AAO-HNS criteria classified "no recovery" in 51.35% of our patients, whereas applying the other reported criteria showed an average rate of 62.16% no recovery and as high as 82.43% of patients without recovery. Younger age ( p = 0.003; effect size, 0.924) and IT injection within a week of onset ( p < 0.001; effect size, 1.099) positively correlated with full recovery. There was no impact of prior or concurrent oral steroids, or number of steroid injections on outcome.

Great variability exists in the literature for assessment of IT steroid outcomes in ISSNHL. Standard reporting of outcomes as per the AAO-HNS SSNHL guideline is recommended to consistently characterize IT steroid efficacy and allow comparison across studies.

Great variability exists in the literature for assessment of IT steroid outcomes in ISSNHL. Standard reporting of outcomes as per the AAO-HNS SSNHL guideline is recommended to consistently characterize IT steroid efficacy and allow comparison across studies.

Adult genetic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) may be underestimated.

The diagnosis of genetic hearing loss is challenging, given its extreme genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, particularly in adulthood. This study evaluated the utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the etiological diagnosis of adult-onset SNHL.

Adults (>16 yr old) with SNHL were recruited at the Otolaryngology Department at Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (Spain). Environmental factors, acoustic trauma, endolymphatic hydrops, and age-related hearing loss were excluding criteria. An NGS gene panel was used, including 196 genes (OTOgenics v3) or 229 genes (OTOgenics v4) related to syndromic and nonsyndromic hearing loss.

Sixty-five patients were included in the study (average age at the onset of SNHL, 41 yr). Fifteen pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants considered to be causative were found in 15 patients (23% diagnostic yield) in TECTA (4), KCNQ4 (3), GJB2 (2), ACTG1 (1), COL2A1 (1), COCH (1), COCH/COL2A1 (1enetic cause enables genetic counseling, provides prognostic information and can reveal unrecognized syndromes contributing to an accurate management of their associated manifestations.The quantum interference patterns induced by impurities in graphene can form the (√3 × √3)R30° superlattice with intervalley scattering. This superlattice can lead to the folded Dirac cone at the center of Brillouin zone by coupling two non-equivalent valleys. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), we report the observation of suppression of the folded Dirac cone in mono- and bilayer graphene upon potassium doping. The intervalley coupling with chiral symmetry broken can persist upon a light potassium-doped level but be ruined at the heavily doped level. Meanwhile, the folded Dirac cone can be suppressed by the renormalization of the Dirac band with potassium doping. Our results demonstrate that the suppression of the intervalley scattering pattern by potassium doping could pave the way toward the realization of novel chiraltronic devices in superlattice graphene.

To conduct a national registry-based evaluation of the independent associations of chronological age and frailty, as measured by 5- and 11-factor modified frailty index (mFI-5, mFI-11) score, on postoperative outcomes of participants undergoing cochlear implantation (CI).

Cross-sectional analysis.

Multicenter national database.

Adults 18 years or older who underwent CI during 2001 to 2018.

Any postoperative complications (determined as the presence of major, minor, or implant-specific), extended hospital length of stay (eLOS) (≥75th percentile of study population), and nonhome discharge destination.

There were 5,130 participants included with a median age of 60 years (interquartile range, 44-73 y) and slight female predominance (53.5%). Under mFI-5 scoring, there were 2,979 (58.1%) robust (mFI-5 = 0), 1710 (33.3%) prefrail (mFI-5 = 1), 362 (7.1%) frail (mFI-5 = 2), and 78 (1.5%) severely frail (mFI-5 ≥ 3) participants. Three hundred twenty-eight (6.49%) participants experienced a postoperative comrticipants of all ages. Increasing frailty does not predispose to postoperative complications. However, frail patients are at additional risk for an eLOS and nonhome discharge. Short follow-up time, hospital-coding errors, and selection bias of more robust patients may limit the true results of this study.

To prospectively evaluate the frailty phenotype in a population of older adults and determine its association with 1) perioperative complications, 2) need for vestibular rehabilitation after surgery, and 3) early speech perception outcomes.

Prospective cohort study.

Tertiary care hospital.

Adults older than 65 years undergoing cochlear implantation.

The Fried Frailty Index was used to classify patients as frail, prefrail, or not frail based on five criteria 1) gait speed, 2) grip strength, 3) unintentional weight loss, 4) weekly physical activity, and 5) self-reported exhaustion.

Rates of intraoperative and postoperative complications, postoperative falls, need for vestibular rehabilitation, and early speech perception outcomes.

Forty-six patients were enrolled in this study. Five patients (10.8%) were categorized as frail and 10 (21.7%) as prefrail. The mean ages of frail, prefrail, and not frail patients were 80.9, 78.8, and 77.5, respectively. There were no intraoperative complications among have increased rates of surgical complications, need for vestibular rehabilitation, or postoperative falls. However, frail patients experienced challenges in accessing postoperative care, which may be addressed by using remote programming and rehabilitation.