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A total of 145 enrolled subjects had adequate data for analysis; 69 were CT-positive, 74 were CT-negative, and 2 were CT-inconclusive. Five subjects developed an acute unfavorable neurological outcome, defined as need for intracranial pressure monitoring, craniotomy, persistent neurological deficits, or death resulting from brain injury. Initial median serum concentrations of GFAP and UCH-L1 (obtained less then 6 h from injury) were significantly greater in CT-positive patients who had an acute unfavorable neurological outcome than in CT-positive patients who did not (GFAP 5237 pg/mL [IQR 4511, 8180] versus 283.5 pg/mL [IQR 107, 1123]; p = 0.026; UCH-L1 3329 pg/mL [QR 1423, 5010] versus 679.5 pg/mL [IQR 363, 1100] p = 0.014). Repeat serum testing (6- less then 12 h from injury) showed that UCH-L1 serum concentration, but not GFAP, was also significantly greater in the acute unfavorable neurological outcome group than in those without an unfavorable outcome 1088 pg/mL versus 374 pg/mL; p = 0.041.Hospitals have increasingly relied on nurse assistants to support nurses in the provision of patient care, yet knowledge about their contributions to the patient experience in U.S. hospitals is limited. We address this issue by exploring the impact of nurse assistants and registered nurses on an array of patient satisfaction measures from the Medicare Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems. Using linked data for 2,807 hospitals from 2008 to 2016, we employ a production function approach to estimate and plot marginal impact curves for both nurse assistants and registered nurses. We find that although registered nurses are more impactful, nurse assistants are the more underdeployed staffing category. We also find that after meeting certain thresholds for minimal hours, nurse assistants have a comparative advantage in improving patient satisfaction scores in the housekeeping and patient support domain. Given their lower labor costs, further employment of nurse assistants may be warranted.Scoping reviews are an increasingly popular knowledge synthesis method. While knowledge synthesis methods abound in evidence-based practices, these methods are critiqued for their reliance on positivism. Drawing on a scoping review that mapped scholarly conceptualizations of family caregivers' information-related dementia care work, in this article, I reconcile institutional ethnography's epistemological and ontological assumptions with the prescribed scoping review framework. I first explore the textual organization of scoping reviews. Tofacitinib datasheet I then unpack the process of modifying three scoping review stages in keeping with an institutional ethnography method of inquiry, and in doing so, transform the scoping review into a critical knowledge synthesis tool. Through a reflexive process, I deconstruct scoping review's textual authority and uncover that scoping reviews bring about a double decontextualization of family caregivers' information work, removing family caregivers from their experiences of their information-related care work while simultaneously reducing them to objects of techno-scientific interventions.The coronavirus pandemic has resulted in unprecedented stress for families and children. Curve-flattening measures have disrupted the relational networks of millions. Stress in the absence of protective relationships can quickly become toxic, harming mental and physical health. If toxic stress is characterized by an absence of protective relationships, telemedicine may have a role in collective prevention efforts by enabling and preserving patient-provider continuity. Through virtual visits and check-ins, trusted health care providers can serve as a source of emotional support and psychosocial buffering for families under stress. By leveraging technology to deliver care remotely, telemedicine lets patients and providers connect, relate, and engage. Connection enables the conveyance of compassion and empathy. Telemedicine may thus serve as an important conduit for fostering protective relationships, buffering toxic stressors, and promoting safety and healing. Telemedicine will not resolve the needs created by the pandemic, but it may be one component for addressing them.Endophytes may depend on degrading the plant cell wall with cellulases for their survival. Therefore, cellulase produced by endophytes may be useful in releasing the active ingredient of medicinal plants. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant widely used in China and baicalin is one of its main active ingredients. In this study, fresh S. baicalensis Georgi was used to isolate endophytes, Congo red staining was used to screen cellulase-producing strains, and HPLC was used to determine the content of baicalin in S. baicalensis Georgi. As a result, a highly active strain of endophyte capable of the extraction of high levels of baicalin was obtained. The strain was named HG-5 and identified as Bacillus sp. Scanning electron microscopy analysis confirmed that the enzyme better promotes the dissolution of plant active ingredients. After optimizing the enzyme production and extraction processes, we found that when compared with the traditional extraction method, the baicalin yield was increased 79.31% after extraction with the HG-5 enzyme. The current study provides a novel approach and method for the use of endophyte cellulase to improve the extraction of compounds from medicinal plants.In 2019, Bangladesh has grappled with a record-breaking surge in dengue fever, experiencing the highest number of dengue cases since the year 2000. Together, the intensification of dengue fever combined with a lack of dengue vaccines and appropriate medicines is expected to further the public and government's interests in appropriate and potential dengue vaccines to control the epidemic. We considered people's characteristics, dengue experience, and knowledge to assess their willingness-to-accept (WTA) and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a hypothetical dengue vaccine and ex-post treatment in Bangladesh (June-July 2019). This study implemented a contingent valuation (CV) method with 3,251 respondents in 10 different locations of Bangladesh. All respondents participated in a hypothetical dengue vaccine scenario consisting of 65% (vaccine A), 80% (vaccine B), and 95% (vaccine C) effectiveness levels with three doses of each vaccine and ex-post dengue treatment. Around 71.2% of respondents were willing to pay for at least one of the hypothetical vaccines A, B, or C.