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Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Nutrition, Volume 41 is September 2021. Please see http//www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is rare in the worldwide population, but it is highly prevalent in the Brazilian population because of a founder mutation,

p.R337H, accounting for 0.3% of south and southeastern population. Clinical criteria for LFS may not identify all individuals at risk of carrying the Brazilian founder mutation because of its lower penetrance and variable expressivity. This variant is rarely described in databases of somatic mutations. Somatic findings in tumor molecular profiling may give insight to identify individuals who might be carriers of LFS and allow the adoption of risk reduction strategies for cancer.

We determined the frequency of the

p.R337H variant in tumor genomic profiling from 755 consecutive Brazilian patients with pan-cancer. This is a retrospective cohort from January 2013 to March 2020 at a tertiary care center in Brazil.

The

p.R337H variant was found in 2% (15 of 755) of the samples. The mutation allele frequency ranged from 30% to 91.7%. A total of seven patients were referred for genetic counseling and germline testing after tumor genomic profiling results were disclosed. All the patients who proceeded with germline testing (6 of 6) confirmed the diagnosis of LFS. Family history was available in 12 cases. Nine patients (9 of 12) did not meet LFS clinical criteria.

The identification of the

p.R337H variant in tumor genomic profiling should be a predictive finding of LFS in the Brazilian population and should prompt testing for germline status confirmation.

The identification of the TP53 p.R337H variant in tumor genomic profiling should be a predictive finding of LFS in the Brazilian population and should prompt testing for germline status confirmation.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive disease caused by the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. Real-world data of ATLL in Latin America are lacking.

We analyzed patients with ATLL (acute, lymphomatous, chronic, and smoldering) encountered in 11 Latin American countries between 1995 and 2019. Treatment response was assessed according to the 2009 consensus report. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test.

We identified 253 patients; 226 (lymphomatous n = 122, acute n = 73, chronic n = 26, and smoldering n = 5) had sufficient data for analysis (median age 57 years). Most patients with ATLL were from Peru (63%), Chile (17%), Argentina (8%), and Colombia (7%). Hypercalcemia was positively associated with acute type (57%

lymphomatous 27%,

= .014). The median survival times (months) were 4.3, 7.9, 21.1, and not reached for acute, lymphomatous, chronic, and smoldering forms, with 4-year survival rates of 8%, 22%, 40%, and 80%, respectively. First-linFN remains a good first-line option for acute subtype.

This study confirms Latin American ATLL presents at a younger age and has a high incidence of lymphomatous type, low incidence of indolent subtypes, and worse survival rates as compared with Japanese patients. Linderalactone In aggressive ATLL, chemotherapy remains the preferred choice for lymphomatous favoring etoposide-based regimen (etoposide, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisone), whereas AZT-IFN remains a good first-line option for acute subtype.This paper reports on the lived experience of Medtronic Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop (AHCL) in comparison to first generation hybrid closed-loop (HCL) in a randomized, open-label, two-period crossover trial. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) were administered prior to randomization and at the end of each study period in 113 adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes. Glucose monitoring satisfaction subscales for emotional burden and behavioral burden improved significantly (p less then 0.01) over time with use of AHCL versus HCL, and co-occurred with glycemic improvements (reduced percent time above 180 mg/dL during the day and no change in % time less than 54 mg/dL across 24 hours) and greater time in Auto Mode. PROs including distress, technology attitudes, and hypoglycemia confidence were not different. AHCL use was associated with improved glucose monitoring satisfaction. Satisfaction was greater in those participants who had more appreciable glycemic benefit and stayed in Auto Mode more often.[Figure see text].Viral egress and transmission have long been described to take place through single free virus particles. However, viruses can also shed into the environment and transmit as populations clustered inside extracellular vesicles (EVs), a process we had first called vesicle-mediated en bloc transmission. These membrane-cloaked virus clusters can originate from a variety of cellular organelles including autophagosomes, plasma membrane, and multivesicular bodies. Their viral cargo can be multiples of nonenveloped or enveloped virus particles or even naked infectious genomes, but egress is always nonlytic, with the cell remaining intact. Here we put forth the thesis that EV-cloaked viral clusters are a distinct form of infectious unit as compared to free single viruses (nonenveloped or enveloped) or even free virus aggregates. We discuss how efficient and prevalent these infectious EVs are in the context of virus-associated diseases and highlight the importance of their proper detection and disinfection for public health. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Volume 37 is October 2021. Please see http//www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

ChREBP (carbohydrate responsive element binding protein) is a transcription factor that responds to sugar consumption. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and genetic variants in the

locus have separately been linked to HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and triglyceride concentrations. We hypothesized that SSB consumption would modify the association between genetic variants in the

locus and dyslipidemia.

Data from 11 cohorts from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology consortium (N=63 599) and the UK Biobank (N=59 220) were used to quantify associations of SSB consumption, genetic variants, and their interaction on HDL-C and triglyceride concentrations using linear regression models. A total of 1606 single nucleotide polymorphisms within or near

were considered. SSB consumption was estimated from validated questionnaires, and participants were grouped by their estimated intake.

In a meta-analysis, rs71556729 was significantly associated with higher HDL-C concentrations only among the highest SSB consumers (β, 2.