Goodchan5653

RESULTS Of 42 ofloxacin-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates, area under the ROC curve was highest for predominant variant allele frequency, so that measure was used to evaluate optimal mutation detection thresholds. Areas under the ROC curve for 8%, 2.5%, and 0.8% thresholds were 0.8452, 0.9286, and 0.9069, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were (69%,100%) for 8%; (86%,100%) for 2.5%;(91%,91%) for 0.8%. The sensitivity of the 2.5% and 0.8% thresholds were significantly higher than the 8% threshold(P=0.016 and P=0.004, respectively) but not significantly different between one another(P=0.5). CONCLUSIONS A predominant mutation allele frequency threshold of 2.5% had the highest area under the ROC curve for detecting DNA gyrase mutations that confer ofloxacin resistance, and was therefore the optimal threshold. © The Author(s) 2020. E3 ligase Ligand chemical Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.STUDY QUESTION What is the standpoint of an international expert panel on ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) in young females with Turner syndrome (TS)? SUMMARY ANSWER The expert panel states that OTC should be offered to young females with TS, but under strict conditions only. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY OTC is already an option for preserving the fertility of young females at risk of iatrogenic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). Offering OTC to females with a genetic cause of POI could be the next step. One of the most common genetic disorders related to POI is TS. Due to an early depletion of the ovarian reserve, most females with TS are confronted with infertility before reaching adulthood. However, before offering OTC as an experimental fertility preservation option to young females with TS, medical and ethical concerns need to be addressed. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A three-round ethical Delphi study was conducted to systematically discuss whether the expected benefits exceed the expected negative constandpoint is the first step in the global acceptance of OTC in females with TS. Future collaborative research with a focus on efficacy and safety and long-term follow-up is urgently needed. Furthermore, we recommend an international register for fertility preservation procedures in females with TS. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Unconditional funding (A16-1395) was received from Merck B.V., The Netherlands. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.OBJECTIVE To describe the development, implementation and requirements of laboratory information system (LIS) functionality to manage test ordering, registration, sample flow, and result reporting during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONTEXT AND SETTING Our large (>12,000,000 tests/year) academic hospital laboratory is the Belgian National Reference Center (NRC) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing. We performed a moving total of > 25,000 SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests in parallel to standard routine testing since the start of the outbreak. A LIS implementation team dedicated to develop tools to remove the bottlenecks, primarily situated in the pre- and post-analytical phase, was established early in the crisis. RESULTS We outline the design, implementation and requirements of LIS functionality related to managing increased test demand during the COVID-19 crisis, including tools for test ordering, standardized order sets integrated into a computerized provider order entry module, notifications on shipping requirements, automated triaging based on digital metadata forms, and the establishment of databases with contact details of other laboratories and primary care physicians to enable automated reporting. We also describe our approach to data mining and reporting of actionable daily summary statistics to governing bodies and other policymakers. DISCUSSION Rapidly developed, agile extendable LIS functionality and its meaningful use alleviates the administrative burden on laboratory personnel and improves turn-around-time of SARS-CoV-2 testing. It will be important to maintain an environment that is conducive for the rapid adoption of meaningful LIS tools post-COVID crisis. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association.The incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with concomitant Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is increasing. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a cytokine previously reported to be elevated in this condition. Evidence from multiple human malignancies showed IL-10 participated in tumor immunity and exhibited therapeutic potential. The aim of this study is to investigate whether IL-10 interferes tumor immunity in PTC with concomitant HT. Expression of IL-10 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ⅰ were compared on PTC tissues with or without concomitant HT. PTC cell lines K1 and TPC-1 were stimulated with IL-10 and analyzed for MHC class Ⅰ expression afterwards. T cell activation, production of Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IFN-γ and programmed death-1 (PD-1) expression were assessed by coculture of donor peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) with IL-10 pretreated PTC cells. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was measured in PTC tissues and IL-10 pretreated cells of K1 and TPC-1. Increased level of IL-10 and MHC class Ⅰ were observed in PTC with concomitant HT. IL-10 stimulation increased MHC class Ⅰ expression of PTC cells in vitro. Coculture of PBLs with IL-10 pretreated PTC cells enhanced T cell activation (%CD25+ of CD3+T cells) and increased IL-2 production along with decreased IFN-γ secretion and PD-1 expression. Reduced PD-L1 expression was seen in PTC+HT tissue samples and IL-10 stimulated PTC cell lines. Elevated IL-10 expression in PTC with concomitant HT restores MHC class Ⅰ expression and interferes tumor immunity. The potential mechanism of IL-10 in tumor immunity needs further investigation. © Endocrine Society 2020.