Godfreyolson5212

A horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF-CW) was evaluated for the remediation of synthetic acid mine drainage (AMD) using an organic-rich substrate (cow manure and bamboo chips) planted with common cattail. The synthetic AMD simulated the source AMD generated in North Eastern Coalfield of Assam, India. The synthetic AMD was highly acidic (pH  aluminium (59.7%). Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure test (TCLP) study suggested very negligible leachability of chromium for safe disposal. Common cattails exhibited poor bioaccumulation and translocation for all heavy metals except for manganese and cobalt. Tetracycline and Cr(VI) as non-biodegradable environmental contaminants have attracted increasing attention because of their chronic toxicity. In this regard, the environmentally friendly Z-scheme photocatalytic decontamination system has been widely used for contaminant treatment. Herein, a novel 3D Z-scheme α-FeOOH/FeS2 composite photocatalyst was successfully synthesized for the first time via a simple one-pot hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analyses and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that the O component of the heterogeneous nanostructures formed by the Fe-O-Fe linkages in α-FeOOH was replaced by S to generate Fe-S-Fe linkages in the resulting FeS2. As expected, the novel 3D Z-scheme α-FeOOH/FeS2 composites exhibited remarkable photocatalytic activity for Cr(VI) reduction and tetracycline degradation compared to pure α-FeOOH. Photoluminesence (PL) measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculations, suggested that the enhanced photocatalytic activity of the Z-scheme α-FeOOH/FeS2 composite can be attributed to the improved photo-absorption properties and the effective separation of photo-induced charge carriers caused by the Z-scheme system of the as-prepared 3D α-FeOOH/FeS2 composites. find more Thus, this work may facilitate the effective design of α-FeOOH-based photocatalysts. Women with severe mental illness (SMI) are a vulnerable population in whom varying rates of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) have been reported with impact on their illness. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence and clinical correlates of IPV among women with SMI admitted to a tertiary care psychiatric hospital. The study was a cross sectional assessment of IPV among women with severe mental illness receiving inpatient care. The assessments included Indian Family Violence and Control Scale (IFVCS) for IPV, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS version 4) for psychopathology, The Suicide Behaviours Questionnaire Revised (SBQ-R) for suicidality, Physical Health Questionnaire (PHQ) for physical health, Scale for Assessment of Somatic Symptoms (SASS) for somatic symptoms and also semi structured schedule for their sociodemographic profile. A total of 100 women diagnosed with SMI with a cohabiting partner were assessed. The lifetime prevalence of IPV in the women with SMI was 22 %. Last 1-year prevalence of IPV in them was 20 %. Control and emotional violence were the most commonly reported form of violence, followed by physical violence, and sexual violence was the least reported. Significant association of IPV with suicidal behaviour, depression scores, physical health and somatic symptoms were found. IPV is prevalent in women with SMI and needs to be addressed. It is important to assess all types of IPV as it can impact the illness and the lives of these women, overall. CTL-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) and its downstream signals compose an important mechanism that suppresses immune activity. Recent studies have shown that immune abnormalities are associated with the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SCZ), but little research has been performed on the relevance of CTLA4 and SCZ. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between CTLA4 mRNA expression and SCZ. We examined the expression of CTLA4 mRNA in blood from patients with SCZ, bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). We compared 50 SCZ subjects, 46 BD subjects, and 63 MDD subjects with age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to examine CTLA4 mRNA expression in peripheral blood using TaqMan probes. Levels of CTLA4 mRNA expression were significantly lower in patients with SCZ compared with HCs (p  less then  0.001), whereas no differences were found between affective disorder (BD and MDD) patients and HCs. We analyzed the correlation between CTLA4 mRNA expression and clinical parameters, but no significant correlation was found. The expression of CTLA4 mRNA was lower specifically in SCZ, suggesting that abnormal CTLA4 expression may be particularly related to the pathogenesis of SCZ. CTLA4 may be a useful diagnostic marker and a potential therapeutic target of SCZ. Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been shown as a characteristic feature in many clinical populations in recent years and schizophrenia is one of the most common psychiatric disorders which is associated with NSSI. In this study, we aimed to investigate predictors of NSSI in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and the role of lifetime substance use disorder (SUD). A sample of 165 patients with a diagnosis of SSD who were in remission participated in the study. Lifetime NSSI was assessed using the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS). Lifetime SUD were evaluated. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict NSSI. SUD was found to be related to NSSI in patients with SSD, and it was associated with an approximately fourfold increase in the risk of NSSI. The rates of lifetime SUD in our sample and in the NSSI (+) group were 38.2 % and 55.6 %, respectively. The most commonly abused substances among patients with NSSI were cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids. The prevalence of NSSI was 43.6 % in our sample. 'Self-cutting' was the most common type and 'affect regulation' was the most common function of NSSI. One of the most significant risk factors for NSSI was a previous history of suicide attempts. SUD appears to be a significant predictor of NSSI in patients with SSD. Further investigation of treatable risk factors such as SUD which are related to NSSI is needed. It is also essential to screen SSD patients for NSSI due to the probable relation to high risk of suicide.