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These mechanisms allow access to a much larger proportion of the inorganic carbon pool and continued photosynthesis during periods of strong carbon depletion in productive ecosystems.

We characterized linear growth in infants and children with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH).

Provide linear growth curves for children with XLH from birth to early adolescence.

Data from 4 prior studies of XLH were pooled to construct growth curves. UX023-CL002 was an observational, retrospective chart review. Pretreatment data were collected from 3 interventional trials two phase 2 trials (UX023-CL201, UX023-CL205) and a phase 3 trial (UX023-CL301).

Medical centers with expertise in treating XLH.

Children with XLH, 1-14 years of age.

None.

Height-for-age linear growth curves, including values for the 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles for children with XLH compared to population norms.

A total of 228 patients (132 girls, 96 boys) with 2381 height measurements were included. Nearly all subjects (> 99%) reported prior management with supplementation therapy. Compared to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention growth curves, boys at age 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 1 year, and 2 years had median height percentiles of 46%, 37%, 26%, 18%, and 5%, respectively; for girls the median height percentiles were 52%, 37%, 25%, 18%, and 7%, respectively. Ferroptosis mutation Annual growth in children with XLH fell below that of healthy children near 1 year of age and progressively declined during early childhood, with all median height percentiles < 8% between 2 and 12 years old.

Children with XLH show decreased height gain by 1 year of age and remain below population norms thereafter. These data will help evaluate therapeutic interventions on linear growth for pediatric XLH.

Children with XLH show decreased height gain by 1 year of age and remain below population norms thereafter. These data will help evaluate therapeutic interventions on linear growth for pediatric XLH.The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted healthcare, with its far-reaching effects seeping into chronic disease evaluation and treatment. Our tertiary wound care center was specially designed to deliver the highest quality care to wounded patients. Pre-pandemic, we were able to ensure rapid treatment via validated protocols delivered by a co-localized multidisciplinary team within the hospital setting. The pandemic has disrupted our model's framework, and we have worked to adapt our workflow without sacrificing quality of care. Using the modified Donabedian model of quality assessment, we present an analysis of pre- and intra-pandemic characteristics of our center. In this way, we hope other providers can use this framework for identifying evolving problems within their practice so that quality care can continue to be delivered to all patients.

Opioid-induced ventilatory depression and hypoxemia is common, severe, and often unrecognized in postoperative patients. To the extent that nonopioid analgesics reduce opioid consumption, they may decrease postoperative hypoxemia.

To test the hypothesis that duration of hypoxemia is less in patients given intravenous acetaminophen than those given placebo.

Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial conducted at 2 US academic hospitals among 570 patients who were undergoing abdominal surgery, enrolled from February 2015 through October 2018 and followed up until February 2019.

Participants were randomized to receive either intravenous acetaminophen, 1 g (n = 289), or normal saline placebo (n = 291) starting at the beginning of surgery and repeated every 6 hours until 48 postoperative hours or hospital discharge, whichever occurred first.

The primary outcome was the total duration of hypoxemia (hemoglobin oxygen saturation [Spo2] <90%) per hour, with oxygen saturation measured continuously d use in morphine equivalents was 50 mg (IQR, 18-122 mg) and 58 mg (IQR, 24-151 mg) , respectively, with a ratio of geometric means of 0.86 (95% CI, 0.61-1.21).

Among patients who underwent abdominal surgery, use of postoperative intravenous acetaminophen, compared with placebo, did not significantly reduce the duration of postoperative hypoxemia over 48 hours. The study findings do not support the use of intravenous acetaminophen for this purpose.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02156154.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02156154.

The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010, implemented nationwide in 2012, was intended to improve the nutritional quality of meals served in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP).

To assess whether there was an association between the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 and dietary quality of lunch for students participating in the NSLP, stratified by income.

Serial cross-sectional study design, using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2013-2014, and 2015-2016, of students who were surveyed in the NHANES and were attending schools participating in the NSLP. Individuals who were aged 5 to 18 years, in kindergarten through 12th grade, enrolled in a school that served school lunch, and had a reliable weekday dietary recall were included.

The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 (prepolicy period 2007-2010; postpolicy period 2013-2016), with participation in the NSLP estimated based on an algorithm.

The primary outcome was dietary quality of nd postpolicy score was 36.1 among NSLP nonparticipants (difference in differences, 12.4 [95% CI, 4.9-19.9]). Among middle-high-income students, the adjusted mean HEI-2010 prepolicy score was 42.7 and postpolicy score 55.5 for NSLP participants and the adjusted mean prepolicy score was 38.9 and prepolicy score was 43.6 for NSLP nonparticipants (difference in differences, 8.1 [95% CI, 4.2-12.0]).

In a serial cross-sectional study of students, the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 was associated with better changes in dietary quality for lunch among presumed low-income, low-middle-income, and middle-high-income participants in the NSLP compared with nonparticipants.

In a serial cross-sectional study of students, the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 was associated with better changes in dietary quality for lunch among presumed low-income, low-middle-income, and middle-high-income participants in the NSLP compared with nonparticipants.