Glennknox8748
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and
prostatic valve endocarditis present various clinical manifestations which may overlap; hence, discrimination between them is extremely difficult.
The case was a 66-year-old man with a past medical history of mitral and aortic valves replacement one year before COVID-19 co-infection. He was admitted with fever (for 7 days), shortness of breath, cough, seizure, lethargy, headache, and 85% oxygen saturation. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed multiple large-sized, highly mobile masses on both sides of the mechanical mitral valve highly suggestive of vegetation. Chest computed tomography scanning showed simulating scattered COVID-19 peripheral ground-glass opacities confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The set of blood cultures yielded yeast colonies that were identified as
. The patient died of septic shock shortly after receiving antifungal therapy.
This case emphasized the importance of early diagnosis and implementation of antifungal treatment, particularly in patients with prosthetic cardiac valves, to reduce their unfavorable outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
This case emphasized the importance of early diagnosis and implementation of antifungal treatment, particularly in patients with prosthetic cardiac valves, to reduce their unfavorable outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a significant clinical challenge in healthcare settings all over the world. Critically ill COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome may be at increased risk of co-infection with pulmonary aspergillosis. This study aimed to describe a clinical case of proven pulmonary aspergillosis caused by
in a 59-year-old man with a history of hospitalization due to COVID-19 infection.
The Covid-19 infection was confirmed by positive nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction. He had a cavitary lesion measured 20 mm in diameter with intracavitary soft tissue density in the left lung in the first chest computerized tomography scan. After 25 days, he showed two cavitary lesions in both lungs which raised suspicion of fungal infection; hence, the patient underwent a trans-thoracic biopsy of the cavitary lesion. The direct examination and culture of the biopsy material revealed
species. To confirm the
species identification, the beta-tubulin region was sequenced. The patient was treated with oral voriconazole.
This report underlined the importance of early diagnosis and management of invasive fungal infections in severe COVID-19 patients.
This report underlined the importance of early diagnosis and management of invasive fungal infections in severe COVID-19 patients.
Taxonomy of
is controversial and has changed due to the investigation of the novel species.
and
are new members of the
complex that are currently gaining both clinical and epidemiologic significance. This study aimed to report the prevalence of
among the strains isolated from patients using hyphal wall protein 1 (
) gene size polymorphism.
In total, 235 yeasts confirmed as
complex based on chromogenic media and internal transcribed spacers sequencing isolated from various clinical forms of invasive and non-invasive candidiasis mainly candidemia were re-identified using
gene polymorphisms. The
-polymerase chain reaction amplicons were re-confirmed by sequencing and BLAST analysis.
Based on the
gene size polymorphism, 223 strains were identified as
(94.89%) from which 7 isolates produced two DNA fragments (850 and 941 bp). The
(n=4, 1.7%),
(n=1, 0.42%), and mix of
and
(n=7, 2.97%) were also identified.
It can be said that
remains the most common
species, while
and
are rarely found among the patient isolates. Due to limited information on the molecular epidemiology of this novel yeast, more studies using molecular methods are recommended.
It can be said that C. albicans remains the most common Candida species, while C. dubliniensis and C. africana are rarely found among the patient isolates. Due to limited information on the molecular epidemiology of this novel yeast, more studies using molecular methods are recommended.
Superficial mycoses are the fourth most common cause of disease worldwide. It is not surprising that zoonotic transmission occurs to humans due to close contact with different animals, be it companion or farm animals. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the presence of asymptomatic dermatophyte carriers in the owner-pet pairs, identify the most common etiologic agents, and find the likely connection between the carrier status of an owner and the presence of dermatophytes in their pets.
From May 2019 to January 2020, 21 cats and 115 dogs with their respective owners were selected for dermatophyte culture. All the dogs and cats included in the study were from the communities of southeastern Mexico. The samples were taken with a cotton swab, which was vigorously rubbed and twisted on the scalp or body of the pet four times and grown on Mycosel Agar. The isolates were identified based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. The prevalence of the binomial ranged from 0.73% in pet skin and human hands to 2.2% in human scalp. In humans, the agents were
and
, while in pets, a strain of
was found.
Different species of dermatophytes were found in the owner/pet pairs, which denotes that coexistence is not related in asymptomatic cases.
Different species of dermatophytes were found in the owner/pet pairs, which denotes that coexistence is not related in asymptomatic cases.
The main environmental saprobes, such as
, play an essential role in natural ecosystems as economically, ecologically, and medically important microorganisms. Biodiversity of this genus has not been described in Bushehr city, Iran. The present study is based on air biodiversity of
species on culture-dependent approach and culture-independent technique using partial b-tubulin sequences.
By using active sampling with a high volume air sampler, a total of 157
isolates were selected and screened for phenotypic characters. For the purposes of the study, 46 strains representative of 11 morphological species were selected and identified by molecular analysis.
Based on the findings,
(18 isolates, 39.1%) and
(15 isolates, 32.6%) were the most common isolated species, followed by
,
,
,
(each 2 isolates, 4.3%),
,
,
,
, and
(each 1 isolate, 2.1%). Except for
and
with floccose colony texture, the rest of the isolated species had velutinous texture.
This is the first report in southern Iran to identify a large number of
strains isolated from air samples, showing
and
as the most common isolated species.
This is the first report in southern Iran to identify a large number of Penicillium strains isolated from air samples, showing P. crustosum and P. chrysogenum as the most common isolated species.
Black Cumin of Kerman (
) is an Iranian plant that is commonly used as an antispasmodic, carminative, and antimicrobial substance. The present study aimed to assess different components of the essence of
and its effect on antifungal activity, spore germination inhibition, and expressions of
and
genes in
strains.
The essence was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. A broth microdilution method was used for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In addition, the expression of
and
genes of toxigenic
was assessed by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique.
Based on the findings, most of the essence consisted of γ-terpinene (15.56%), propanal, and 2-methyl-3-phenyl (14.18%). The oil showed a good antifungal activity (mean MIC value 2556.8 μg/ml) as well as the inhibition of spore germination and mycelial growth (
<0.05). The RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression levels of
and
of
-treated
were 0.43 and 0.53 folds lower than the control samples, respectively.
These findings revealed that the essential oil of
has different components responsible for the inhibition of mycelial growth and spore germination of
as well as reduction of expressions of
and
genes involving fumonisin production.
These findings revealed that the essential oil of B. persicum has different components responsible for the inhibition of mycelial growth and spore germination of F. verticillioides as well as reduction of expressions of FUM1 and FUM14 genes involving fumonisin production.
The predominant cause of candidiasis was Candida albicans which has recently changed to non-
(NCAC) (i.e.,
spp. other than the
). The NCAC spp., earlier considered non-pathogenic or minimally virulent, are now considered a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. Given the NCAC spp.has become more common in clinical cases, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of NCAC spp. in different clinical specimens and assess a few of their virulence factors.
Routine samples for bacterial culture and sensitivity that showed colony characteristics, like
on Blood Agar and microscopic features resembling
spp., were processed further.
isolates underwent tests for chlamydospore formation and biochemical tests, including sugar fermentation and sugar assimilation tests. These were grown at 42oC, and their colony color was identified using HiCrome
Candida Differential Agar (HiMedia Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India), Hi
Identification Kit (HiMedia Laborator It clearly indicates the emergence of the NCAC spp. and their predominance in different body fluids. Identification of
to the spp. level should become a routine in all laboratories.
Results of this study suggest varied prevalence and virulence based on geographical locations, even within a subcontinent. It clearly indicates the emergence of the NCAC spp. and their predominance in different body fluids. Identification of Candida to the spp. level should become a routine in all laboratories.
The most common etiological agents of human dermatophytosis in various parts of the world are
,
, and
. The main aim of this study was to design and evaluate a simple and straightforward multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for reliable identification/differentiation of these species in clinical isolates.
The reliable sequences of several molecular targets of dermatophytes species were used to design a multiplex PCR for the identification of common pathogenic dermatophytes. The isolates and clinical specimens examined in this study included seven standard strains of dermatophytes, 101 isolates of dermatophytes and non-dermatophyte molds/yeasts which had already been identified by sequencing or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and 155 clinical samples from patients suspected of cutaneous mycoses.
Species-specific primer pairs for
and
/
were designed based on the sequence data of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene, and the primers for
targeted the specific sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). The multiplex PCR successfully detected
,
/
, and
strains that were identified by sequencing or PCR-RFLP. However, the primer pairs selected for
/
cross-reacted with
. In testing the PCR system directly for clinical samples, the proportion of positive multiplex PCR was higher than positive culture (68.1% vs. 55.4%, respectively).
The multiplex assay could detect three common agents out of several causal agents of dermatophytosis, namely
,
, and
. Therefore, by adding pan-dermatophyte primers it can be used as a comprehensive detection/identification test.
The multiplex assay could detect three common agents out of several causal agents of dermatophytosis, namely T. Marimastat research buy rubrum, T. interdigitale, and E. floccosum. Therefore, by adding pan-dermatophyte primers it can be used as a comprehensive detection/identification test.
