Gallegosross3068

Our data suggest that PO attenuated monosaccharide and fatty acid absorption, contributing to lower fasting glycemia and higher food intake without affecting body weight or visceral fat of high-fat feed mice.

Our data suggest that PO attenuated monosaccharide and fatty acid absorption, contributing to lower fasting glycemia and higher food intake without affecting body weight or visceral fat of high-fat feed mice.This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of lotus seed resistant starch (LRS) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on mice fecal bacterial flora and the contents of SCFAs in vitro. Following 24 h of fermentation, 16S rRNA analysis revealed several differences in the fecal microbiota community structure among primal bacteria (PB), LRS and different SCFAs combined with LRS groups (SCFAs-LRS). The LRS group increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Allobaculum, Clostridium, Bacteroides and Prevotella. Among the SCFAs-LRS group, AA-LRS increased the relative abundance of Prevotella, and Bacillus. PA-LRS increased abundance of Sphingomonas and the BA-LRS group significantly increased the relative abundance of Rhizobiales, Brucellaceae and Ochrobactrum. Meanwhile, propionic acid and BA productions significantly increased in the BA-LRS group. The SCFAs-LRS group elicited a beneficial effect on the fecal microbiota by increasing production of SCFAs. We highlight the fact that the combination of LRS and SCFA can increase the contents of SCFAs produced by mice fecal microbiota. In short, the combination of LRS and SCFA can influence intestinal flora by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and can serve as new prebiotics for promoting health and disease management.Herein, we report the use of β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) combined with bovine serum albumin (BSA) for the preparation of amyloid-based hydrogels with aim of delivering riboflavin. The incorporation of BSA enhanced β-LG fibrillogenesis and protected β-LG fibrils from losing fibrillar structure due to the pH shift. The mechanical properties of hydrogels were observed to be positively correlated with the number of amyloid fibrils. While the addition of BSA induced amyloid fibril formation, its presence between the fibril chains interfered with the entanglement of fibril chains, thus adversely affecting the hydrogels' mechanical properties. NMS-P937 mw Hydrogels' surface microstructure became more compact as the number of amyloid fibrils rose and the presence of BSA could improve hydrogels' surface homogeneity. In vitro riboflavin (RF) release rate was found to be correlated with the number of fibrils and BSA-RF binding affinity. However, when the digestive enzymes were present, the influence of BSA-RF affinity was alleviated due to enzymes' destructive and/or degradative effects on BSA and/or hydrogels, thus the release rate relied on the number of fibrils, which could be adjusted by the amount of BSA. Results indicate that the additional component, BSA, plays an important role in modulating the properties and functions of β-LG fibril-based hydrogels.Salivary glycoproteins are known as an important barrier to inhibit influenza infection by presenting sialic acid (Sia) ligands that can bind with viral hemagglutination. Here, to further understand why pregnant women are more vulnerable to avian influenza virus (AIV), we investigated the alteration of protein sialylation in the saliva of women during pregnancy and postpartum, and its impact on the saliva binding affinity to AIV. Totally 1200 saliva samples were collected, the expression levels of terminal α2-3/6-linked Sia on salivary proteins were tested and validated, and the binding activities of salivary proteins were assessed against 3 strains of AIV and the H1N1 vaccine. Result showed that the expression of terminal α2-3-linked Sia in the saliva of women decreased dramatically during pregnancy compared to that of non-pregnancy control, especially for women in the second or third trimester (fold change = 0.53 and 0.37, p less then 0.001). And their salivary protein binding ability to AIV declined accordingly. The variation of terminal α2-3-linked Sia on salivary MUC5B and IgA was consistent with the above results. This study indicates that the decrease of terminal α2-3-linked Sia on salivary glycoproteins of pregnant women affects their binding ability to AIV, which may provide new insights into AIV prevention and control.In this work, the synthesis of crosslinked chitosan hydrogels was performed by ionic and covalent interactions using tripolyphosphate (TPP) and formaldehyde (CH2O), respectively. The hydrogels synthesis was performed using a D-Optimal combined experiment design with two mixing variables, A and B representing the TPP weight fraction (slack variable) and CH2O weight fraction, respectively, and three (3) process variables C-chitosan concentration, D-cross-linker concentration, and E-Contact time. The response variables studied were the point of zero charge (pHPZC), the swelling ratio (SW), and the equilibrium water content (EWC), which are relevant physicochemical properties in applications such as the pollutant removal from water. According to the ANOVA results, the model obtained was significant; this means it can be adequately used to predicting pHPZC, SW, and EWC from the mixing and process variables, obtaining coefficients of determination R2 of 0.9572, 0.8900, and 0.8447, respectively. The pHPZC is affected by chitosan concentration, while the crosslinker concentration influences the SW, and the contact time most significantly affected the EWC. Morphology and hardness tests, thermal stability, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, allowed verifying the types of crosslinking of chitosan with TPP and CH2O.The development of conductive, soft, ultra-stretchable, and asymmetrically adhesive hydrogels is difficult and essential for both wearable electronics and anti-adhesion tissue dressings. In particular, there is still no simple, effective and universal approach to construct an asymmetrically adhesive multifunctional hydrogel. Here, we first synthesized lignosulfonate sodium (LS)-doped PAA hydrogels with uniform adhesion (adhesive strength ~30.5 kPa), conductivity (~0.45 S/m), stretchability (up to ~2250%), and low compressive modulus (~20 kPa). In the second step, an oriented soaking of Fe3+ onto the upper surface of the resultant composite hydrogel renders the upper surface non-adhesive. This novel strategy masterfully delivers asymmetric adhesion behavior to the upper and bottom surfaces of the same hydrogel (~0 kPa adhesive strength for the upper surface; strong adhesive strength of ~27 kPa for the bottom surface). The asymmetric adhesive hydrogel has proven to adhere well onto the human skin and achieve waste-barrier.