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pid increase in the volume of waiting list between the two periods increased the waiting time, transplantation of high-urgency patients, and use of marginal lung donors.

Little is known about the surgical discipline in North Korea from the perspective of the outside world. This study aimed to examine the disease entities covered by articles published in the major medical journal in North Korea, "

."

Content and frequency analyses of 2,132 articles published in "

" from 2006 to 2017 were conducted. Two medical doctors who majored in surgery and anesthesiology perused the articles and compiled the diseases being elucidated in each article. The diseases described in each article were stratified into 13 surgical subspecialties.

Articles from "

," similar to articles from the Western surgical community, also covered a wide variety of surgical diseases from different subspecialties, and the number of publications continued to grow consistently. Moreover, a number of studies focused on the fields of orthopedics and general surgery dealing with benign diseases. Some articles focused on minimally invasive surgeries using laparoscopy.

The studies published in the North Korean journal "

" encompass various clinical areas, but their quality is unclear.

The studies published in the North Korean journal "Surgery" encompass various clinical areas, but their quality is unclear.Hymeglusin, a previously known eukaryotic hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) synthase inhibitor, was identified as circumventing the β-lactam drug resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We describe the concise total syntheses of a series of natural products, which enabled determination of the absolute configuration of fusarilactone A and provided structure-activity relationship information. Based on previous reports, we speculated that the target protein of this circumventing effect may be MRSA bacterial HMG-CoA synthase (mvaS). We found that this enzyme was dose-dependently inhibited by hymeglusin. Furthermore, overexpression of the MRSA mvaS gene and site-directed mutagenesis studies suggested its binding site and the mechanism of action.

To assess if wearing a mouth guard impacts maximal aerobic capacity in amateur boxers.

A prospective crossover cohort (pilot) study was conducted to assess maximal aerobic capacity in amateur boxers using the 20 m multi stage fitness test (MSFT). Two primary outcomes measures were recorded (1) the maximum oxygen uptake (peak VO

-mL/kg/min) and (2) distance run (meters-m). Thirteen amateur boxers completed the MSFT 7 days apart under control (no mouth guard-C) and intervention conditions (mouth guard-MG). Participants also submitted data on height, weight, type of mouth guard and Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) during the test.

Paired T-test.

Mouth guard use was shown to reduce peak VO

and distance run during the 20 m MSFT from 56.31 to 54.12 mL/kg/min and 2572 to 2380 m respectively (p < 0.05). Twelve out of 13 participants wore a Boil & Bite mouthguard and recorded lower peak VO

scores (-4.38%) when wearing a mouth guard compared to control conditions, (Mean = -2.46 mL/kg/min, Range of decrease = 4.2-0.9 mL/kg/min; p < 0.05). Ten participants submitted data on RPE-One participant with a custom made mouthguard reported no change in RPE in mouthguard conditions, while nine participants reported an average (+30.5%) increase in mean RPE in Boil & Bite mouthguard conditions compared to control conditions.

Boil & Bite mouth guard use was shown to significantly reduce aerobic performance in amateur boxers and increase the perceived rate of exertion during the 20 m MSFT.

Boil & Bite mouth guard use was shown to significantly reduce aerobic performance in amateur boxers and increase the perceived rate of exertion during the 20 m MSFT.We conducted a retrospective cohort study in Kaiser Permanente Southern California from 1 January 2020 to 30 September 2020. We found that rituximab-treated persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS, n = 1895) were more likely be hospitalized (n = 8, 33.3%), but not die (n = 0) from COVID-19, compared to the 4.81 million non-MS population (5.8% and 1.4%, respectively). Time in months (adjusted OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.15-0.69, p = 0.0033) and receiving 1000 mg compared to lower doses at last infusion (adjusted OR = 6.28, 95% CI = 1.38-28.5, p = 0.0173) were independent predictors of COVID-19 severity. Rituximab-treated pwMS should be counseled to take extra precautions in the 5 months following each infusion. Using extended dosing intervals and lower doses could be considered.Microperimetry, or fundus-tracked perimetry, is a precise static-automated perimetric technique to assess central retinal function. As visual acuity only deteriorates at a late disease stage in RPGR-related retinitis pigmentosa (RP), alternative markers for disease progression are of great utility. Microperimetry assessment has been of critical value as an outcome measure in a recently reported phase I/II gene therapy trial for RPGR-related RP, both in terms of detecting safety and efficacy signals. Here, we performed a review of the literature. We describe the principles of microperimetry before outlining specific parameters that may be useful as outcome measures in clinical trial settings. The current state of structure-function correlations between short-wavelength autofluorescence, optical coherence tomography and adaptive optics in RPGR-related retinitis pigmentosa are also summarized.The diagnostic accuracy of the electrocardiogram for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is limited. Recently, Peguero and collaborators proposed a novel voltage criterion for its detection with reportedly higher accuracy than the commonly used Cornell and Sokolow-Lyon criteria. While studies done in various populations have confirmed it, there are no available data from black African populations. We conducted a cross-sectional study in a population from Cameroon to compare the Peguero-Lo Presti criterion to the older Cornell, Sokolow-Lyon, and Cornell product criteria, pertaining to their sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), with echocardiography as the reference standard. The study population consisted of 238 participants (54.2% female) with a mean age of 58 (SD 13) years. selleck chemical On echocardiography, the prevalence of LVH was 45.3% (n = 108). The sensitivity was 48.14%, 63.89%, 63.89%, and 67.29% for the Sokolow-Lyon, Peguero-Lo Presti, Cornell, and Cornell product criteria, respectively.