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In all crossed lesions (n = 100, 97%), mean Pd/Pa and FFR could be adequately measured. In 11 cases assessed successively with OptoWire™ and Aegis™ (Abbott Vascular, USA) bland-Altman analysis showed a mean difference of 0.002 ± 0.052 mmHg (p = .91) for Pd/Pa and 0.01 ± 0.06 for FFR calculation (p = .45). There was no device-related complication. Upon these initial results, several design changes aimed to improve overall performance including torquability, stiffness, resistance to kink and pressure drift were completed.

The novel 0.014" fiber-optic OptoWire™ provides superior wire handling with reduced risk of pressure drift allowing reliable pre- and post-PCI physiology assessment.

The novel 0.014" fiber-optic OptoWire™ provides superior wire handling with reduced risk of pressure drift allowing reliable pre- and post-PCI physiology assessment.Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as one of the leading causes of persistent human infections. This pathogen is widespread and is able to colonize asymptomatically about a third of the population, causing moderate to severe infections. It is currently considered the most common cause of nosocomial infections and one of the main causes of death in hospitalized patients. Due to its high morbidity and mortality rate and its ability to resist most antibiotics on the market, it has been termed a "superbug". Its ability to form biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces seems to be the primarily means of MRSA antibiotic resistance and pervasiveness. Importantly, more than 80 % of bacterial infections are biofilm-mediated. Biofilm formation on indwelling catheters, prosthetic devices and implants is recognized as the cause of serious chronic infections in hospital environments. In this review we discuss the most relevant literature of the last five years concerning the development of synthetic small molecules able to inhibit biofilm formation or to eradicate or disperse pre-formed biofilms in the fight against MRSA diseases. The aim is to provide guidelines for the development of new anti-virulence strategies based on the knowledge so far acquired, and, to identify the main flaws of this research field, which have hindered the generation of new market-approved anti-MRSA drugs that are able to act against biofilm-associated infections.To achieve strict glycaemic control and avoid chronic diabetes complications, individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are recommended to follow an intensive insulin regimen. However, the risk and fear of hypoglycaemia often prevent individuals from achieving the treatment goals. Apart from early insulin suspension in insulin pump users, carbohydrate ingestion is the only option for preventing and treating non-severe hypoglycaemic events. These rescue treatments may give extra calories and cause overweight. As an alternative, the use of low-dose glucagon to counter hypoglycaemia has been proposed as a tool to raise glucose concentrations without adding extra calories. Previously, the commercially available glucagon formulations required reconstitution from powder to a solution before being injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly-making it practical only for treating severe hypoglycaemia. Several companies have developed more stable formulations that do not require the time-consuming reconstitution process before use. As well as treating severe hypoglycaemia, non-severe and impending hypoglycaemia can also be treated with lower doses of glucagon. Selleckchem TPX-0005 Once available, low-dose glucagon can be either delivered manually, as an injection, or automatically, by an infusion pump. This review focuses on the role and perspectives of using glucagon to treat and prevent hypoglycaemia in T1D.Mental health nurses use forcible touch during physical restraint. Little research considers nurses' experiences and the meanings they give to forcible touch. This study investigated nurses' lived experiences of forcibly touching service users during physical restraint. A qualitative approach informed by phenomenology guided the study. The COREQ checklist ensured explicit and detailed reporting of the study. Fourteen nurses participated in semi-structured interviews analysed using a phenomenological process. The participants' experienced their touch during restraint as a problematic aspect of practice. They expressed preferences for holding different parts of the service user's body, described their proximity to the service user's body, and their experience of intimacy. The meanings of touch included forced, gentle, protective, and compassionate touches. Three themes revealed the complexity of this previously unproblematized area of nursing practice identified through their narratives. These were 'needing to justify', 'inconsistent knowing', and 'compassionate whilst careworn'. Physical restraint training requires reconceptualization towards touch to help nurses connect with the meanings of their bodily contact with service users, and the potential influence upon care. link2 Articulation of these touch meanings will help to develop a nursing discourse on this neglected area of nursing practice. Training courses orientate primarily towards techniques, whilst nurses' conversations about touch are unclear. Training courses and practice fora can enhance understanding of the nursing contribution to physical restraint by addressing the nature of nurses' bodywork. This discourse will help to reveal the complexity of this touch intervention, identify areas of good practice, and areas for practice development.

Interferon-free direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) were introduced in 2013 and have transformed the therapeutic landscape for chronic Hepatitis C (HCV). Although treatment is recommended for almost all persons infected with HCV, clinical and psychosocial factors may affect treatment initiation.

We conducted an observational cohort study of Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States members with prevalent or incident HCV infection identified from November 2013 through May 2016 to identify predictors of DAA initiation. We used Cox regression with time-dependent covariates to compare time to treatment by clinical, demographic and societal factors.

Of 2962 patients eligible for DAA therapy, 33% (n = 980) initiated treatment over the study period. The majority of patients (97%) were persistent with therapy and most (95%) tested for sustained virologic response (SVR) achieved cure. We found no effect of race, insurance type or fibrosis stage on treatment initiation. We observed that patients aged 41-60 years (aHR 2.014, 95% CI 1.12, 3.60) and 61-80 years (aHR 2.08, 95% CI 1.15-3.75) had higher treatment rates compared to younger patients. Incident cases were more likely to be treated than prevalent cases (aHR 3.05, 95% CI 2.40-3.89). Patients with a history of substance use disorder (SUD) were less likely (aHR 0.805, 95% CI 0.680, 0.953) to be treated.

In the first 3 years of DAA availability, one-third of patients with HCV initiated therapy, and almost all were persistent and achieved cure. While curative, DAAs remain highly priced. Triaging for non-clinical reasons or perceptions about patients will stall our ability to eradicate HCV.

In the first 3 years of DAA availability, one-third of patients with HCV initiated therapy, and almost all were persistent and achieved cure. While curative, DAAs remain highly priced. Triaging for non-clinical reasons or perceptions about patients will stall our ability to eradicate HCV.

We searched for consistent associations of an omega-3 index in plasma (sum of eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) with several dementia-related outcomes in a large cohort of older adults.

We included 1279 participants from the Three-City study, non-demented at the time of blood measurements at baseline, with face-to-face neuropsychological assessment and systematic detection of incident dementia over a 17-year follow-up. An ancillary study included 467 participants with up to three repeated brain imaging exams over 10 years.

In multivariable models, higher levels of plasma EPA+DHA were consistently associated with a lower risk of dementia (hazard ratio for 1 standard deviation=0.87 [95% confidence interval, 0.76-0.98]), and a lower decline in global cognition (P=.04 for change over time), memory (P=.06), and medial temporal lobe volume (P=.02).

This prospective study provides compelling evidence for a relationship between long-chain omega-3 fatty acids levels and lower risks for dementia and related outcomes.

This prospective study provides compelling evidence for a relationship between long-chain omega-3 fatty acids levels and lower risks for dementia and related outcomes.Photoperiodic flowering is one of the most important factors affecting regional adaptation and yield in soybean (Glycine max). Plant adaptation to long-day conditions at higher latitudes requires early flowering and a reduction or loss of photoperiod sensitivity; adaptation to short-day conditions at lower latitudes involves delayed flowering, which prolongs vegetative growth for maximum yield potential. Due to the influence of numerous major loci and quantitative trait loci (QTLs), soybean has broad adaptability across latitudes. Forward genetic approaches have uncovered the molecular basis for several of these major maturity genes and QTLs. Moreover, the molecular characterization of orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana flowering genes has enriched our understanding of the photoperiodic flowering pathway in soybean. Building on early insights into the importance of the photoreceptor phytochrome A, several circadian clock components have been integrated into the genetic network controlling flowering in soybean E1, a repressor of FLOWERING LOCUS T orthologs, plays a central role in this network. Here, we provide an overview of recent progress in elucidating photoperiodic flowering in soybean, how it contributes to our fundamental understanding of flowering time control, and how this information could be used for molecular design and breeding of high-yielding soybean cultivars. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

For patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT), "travel" and "independence" are rated as 2 of the top 5 factors that inform their choice of treatment modality. While home dialysis modalities offer patients a high degree of independence, the most common RRT in the United States is in-center hemodialysis (IHD). The limits imposed by IHD treatment can present a variety of challenges for patients who wish to travel. link3 This study explored how IHD patients managed their travel and the role of dialysis social workers in executing travel arrangements for patients.

We performed a qualitative descriptive investigation using semi-structured interviews with adults receiving IHD (n = 16) and renal social workers (n = 8) from Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Data were analyzed using a constant comparative method.

Three themes emerged from the interviews travel process, travel-related barriers, and travel-related facilitators. The travel process entailed transient dialysis unit challenges and to articulate barriers and facilitators associated with travel from the perspective of patients and social workers. Supporting travel for IHD patients can increase their sense of autonomy and provide opportunities to improve their quality of life.