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6%. The relative significance of the input variables was calculated, and the most impacting input was proved to be the initial CFX concentration. The effects of some scavenging agents were also studied. selleck compound The results confirmed the dominant role of hydroxyl radical OH• in the degradation process. With the novel CoBi2O4/ZnO hetero-system, the photocatalytic performance has been enhanced, giving an 80% degradation yield of CFX (10 mg/L) at neutral pH in only 3 h.The drainage channel where the wastewater of Konya city center is discharged, the solid waste storage center, the soils surrounding the industrial area, the potential accumulation of toxic elements (PTE) accumulated in the wheat grown in these soils, and their effects on human health were examined. Between 1977 and 2010, the water in the drainage channel was used for a variety of crops, mainly wheat grown in the nearby agricultural areas until the commissioning of the wastewater treatment plant. Industrial facilities, solid waste landfills, and military firing areas are actively used and are thought to be important factors in heavy metal accumulation in soils. In addition, the investigation area is on the sediments of the deposits stored in the large Konya Lake depending on the geological structure around Konya and caused geogenic heavy metal accumulation as a result of the separation and transportation of ophiolitic, magmatic, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks in the region. In the research, PTE accumulation was determined in the samples of N1 (Pb, As, and Hg), N9 (Cd, As), and N10 (Cd and As) and N8 (Pb) in wheat. The carcinogenic risk factor of Ni, Al, Mn, and Cr elements in the territory of the region has been found as "medium" for children and adults. It has been determined that the potential source of toxic elements does not only depend on anthropogenic events but also occurs as a result of geological events.Lake Burullus is one of the most important coastal lakes in Egypt, as it participates with a considerable amount of fish yield in Egypt. Despite its importance, it is considered as a vulnerable lake, since it is subjected to significant environmental changes caused by various anthropogenic activities. Severe deterioration of its water quality status, as well as a decrease in its water area, has been noticed throughout the last four decades. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the ability of remote sensing for assessing the water quality status of the lake for the period from August 2010 to August 2013. Remote sensing technique was used to retrieve and predict the lake water quality parameter records through the assessment period (August 2010 to August 2013). Stepwise multi-linear regression technique was used to correlate between the field measurements of water quality parameters and the reflectance of remote sensing imageries, and then the derived models were validated. The results revealed the critical status of water quality conditions of the lake, particularly of its southern and southeastern parts. The results showed also that some water quality parameters (Chl-a, TSS, pH, Fe, Zn, Cr, and NH4) can be retrieved from remote sensing imageries with reasonable accuracy (R2 = 0.86, 0.67, 0.65, 0.63, 0.62, 0.61, and 0.6, respectively), while the water quality parameters, which can be predicted, based on calibrated and validated regression models are TSS and Chl-a, with acceptable accuracy (R2 = 0.6 and 0.43, respectively). Lake Burullus needs urgent plans and strategies to protect its water quality from the potential hazards of human activities. The study proved the ability of remote sensing as an effective technique to monitor the changes in water quality conditions of shallow coastal lagoons and to predict with some water quality parameters without field measurements; therefore, it is highly recommended to be used by decision makers.Primary objective was to evaluate safety and feasibility of robotic-assisted Essure removal while describing the procedure. Secondary objective was to assess improvement of symptoms post-operatively. The design was retrospective cohort study. Patients included were those who underwent robotic-assisted Essure removal between June, 2015 and December, 2020 for symptomatic relief. Interventions are robotic-assisted laparoscopic removal of Essure devices. A retrospective chart review was conducted. Phone survey of pain scores and quality-of-life ratings were performed. Twenty-one women underwent robotic-assisted removal of Essure devices. Two cases were excluded from analysis due to concomitant procedures. All devices were removed intact (19/19). The mean time from placement to removal was 5.3 years. Safety and feasibility were demonstrated, mean operating time was 43.1 ± 12 min, mean length of stay (LOS) was 11 h, and no complications occurred. Mean pain scores (0-10) improved from 8.5 before surgery to 0.75 at 1 month after surgery (p  less then  0.005). Mean Quality-of-Life (QOL) scores (0-7) improved from 5.9 prior to surgery to 1.5 at 1 month after surgery (p  less then  0.005). To our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of robotic assistance for Essure removal. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic Essure removal appears safe, feasible, and potentially superior to other surgical approaches. Despite discontinuation of the device in 2018, Essure removal is likely to remain needed. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic Essure removal appears effective in treating pain and various other symptoms attributed to Essure devices.Fumaric acid production from the fermentation process by Rhizopus was considered a potential method. But poor conversion efficiency and low space-time productivity greatly hampered industrial production. Here, we reported improving these problems through carbon-nitrogen sources coordination optimization strategy. Five commonly used nitrogen sources were selected to conduct element analysis and fermentation efficiency comparison. Casein was proven to be the optimum nitrogen source and further investigated in a stirred-tank reactor. It showed that the fermentation cycle was significantly shortened by the application of casein. Combined with optimization of glucose content, the space-time productivity of fumaric acid reached 0.76 g/L h with a yield to 0.31 g/g glucose, which was the highest among the results gotten in the stirred-tank reactor. It illustrated that carbon-nitrogen sources coordination optimization strategy was in favor of the improvement of the fermentation process and laid a promising foundation for the development of fumaric acid industrial production.