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Take G2.0-S-1/2 as an example, the maximum adsorption capacities are 2.41 and 0.87 mmol·g-1 for Hg(II) and Cd(II), respectively . Moreover, the adsorbents show excellent selective adsorption and regeneration property. G2.0-S-1/2 displays distinct selectivity for Hg(II) with the presence of Co(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II). The regeneration percentage still maintains 95.2% after five adsorption-desorption cycles. The adsorption mechanism is also certified by the experimental method and theoretical calculation.Garnet-type solid-state electrolyte Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is expected to realize the next generation of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. Selleck Infigratinib However, the severe dendrite penetration at the pores and grain boundaries inside the solid electrolyte hinders the practical application of LLZO. Here, it is reported that the desirable quality and dense garnet Li6.8Al0.2La3Zr2O11.80F0.20 can be obtained by fluoride anion doping, which can effectively facilitate grain nucleation and refine the grain; thereby, the ionic conductivity increased to 7.45 × 10-4 at 30 °C and the relative density reached to 95.4%. At the same time, we introduced a transition layer to build the Li6.8Al0.2La3Zr2O11.80F0.20-t electrolyte in order to supply a stable contact; as a result, the interface resistance of Li|Li6.8Al0.2La3Zr2O11.80F0.20-t decreases to 12.8 Ω cm2. The Li|Li6.8Al0.2La3Zr2O11.80F0.20-t|Li symmetric cell achieved a critical current density of 1.0 mA cm-2 at 25 °C, which could run stably for 1000 h without a short circuit at 0.3 mA cm-2 and 25 °C. Moreover, the Li|LiFePO4 battery exhibited a high Coulombic efficiency (>99.5%), an excellent rate capability, and a great capacity retention (123.7 mA h g-1, ≈80%) over 500 cycles at 0.3C and 25 °C. The Li|LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cell operated well at 0.2C and 25 °C and delivered a high initial discharge capacity of 151.4 mA h g-1 with a good capacity retention (70%) after 195 cycles. This work demonstrates that the anion doping in LLZO is an effective method to prepare a dense garnet ceramic for the high-performance lithium batteries.Osteogenesis on the interface between the implant and host bone is a synergistic processing of multiple systems involved in immune response, angiogenesis, osteogenesis, etc. However, regulation of the osteoimmune microenvironment on the implant surface to accelerate the osteogenesis through manipulating the polarization of macrophage phenotype is still beginning to be explored. We here demonstrate that macrophage phenotype is able to be regulated by decoration of mineralized collagen (MC) coating on the titanium implant surface via triggering the integrin-related cascade pathway of macrophages. Furthermore, regulation of the macrophage polarization and construction of the osteoimmune microenvironment by MC coating would subsequently accelerate the osteogenic differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells. This work therefore emphasizes the importance of the osteoimmune microenvironment on osteogenesis and provides a promising strategy to improve the osteointegration of implants.

The aim of this study was to assess the performance of a mobile acoustic Uroflowmetry (UFM) application compared with standard UFM in the pediatric population.

A mobile acoustic UFM application represents a noninvasive method to estimate the urine flow rate by recording voiding sounds with a smartphone. Male pediatric patients who were undergoing UFM testing were prospectively recruited, and the voiding sounds were recorded and analyzed. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to compare the maximum flow rate (Qmax), average flow rate (Qavg), voiding time (VT), and voiding volume (VV) as estimated by acoustic UFM with those calculated by standard UFM. Differences in Qmax, Qavg, VT, and VV between the 2 UFM tests were determined using 95% Bland-Altman limits of agreement.

A total of 16 male patients were evaluated. Their median age was 9 years. With standard UFM, the median Qmax, Qavg, VT, and VV were 18.7 mL/sec, 11.1 mL/sec, 15.2 seconds, and 157.8 mL, respectively. Strong correlations were observed between the 2 methods for Qmax (ICC=0.755, P=0.005), VT (ICC=0.974, P<0.001), and VV (ICC=0.930, P<0.001), but not for Qavg (ICC=0.442, P=0.135). The Bland-Altman plot showed good agreement between the 2 UFM tests. Flow patterns recorded by acoustic UFM and conventional UFM showed good visual correlations.

Acoustic UFM was comparable to standard UFM for male pediatric patients. Further validation of its performance in different toilet settings is necessary for broader use.

Acoustic UFM was comparable to standard UFM for male pediatric patients. Further validation of its performance in different toilet settings is necessary for broader use.Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common among elderly people, with significant effects on individuals, caregivers, and the wider health care system. As the elderly population with multiple comorbidities is increasing, the burden of LUTS will increase. This review describes the demographic trends in the aging society, changes in lower urinary tract function with aging, and deterioration of physical and cognitive function in aging, as well as what has been done regarding geriatric urology and what urologists should do to meet the health care needs of the aging population. Frailty and dementia are unmissable factors in the evaluation of elderly patients. Numerous reports have described associations between LUTS and frailty and between LUTS and dementia. Urologists must be aware of the multiplex physical, cognitive, and social characteristics of elderly people. Maintaining a geriatric viewpoint in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of elderly individuals with LUTS will fulfill the unmet needs of elderly people. It is also essential to discuss the treatment and management goals of LUTS with patients and caregivers. Active case identification, appropriate evaluations of LUTS and comorbidities, and a multidisciplinary approach with other health-care professionals are recommended for better treatment and management.Severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) (>885 mg/dL) can be caused by familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3), an autosomal dominant disorder caused by loss of function of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), characterized by abnormal distribution of fat and metabolic derangements. This case reports a 16-year-old female (body mass index, 23.5 kg/m2) hospitalized twice for pancreatitis (triglycerides [TG] level >2,200 mg/dL). Her treatment management included bowel rest, insulin infusion, and plasmapheresis. A low-fat diet with 10 g of fat daily and 160 mg of fenofibrate daily decreased fasting TG to 411 mg/dL (range, 0-149 mg/dL). The patient had a normal leptin level. Panel testing of genes that impact TG metabolism revealed a known pathogenic variant in the PPARG gene (c.452A>G p.Tyr151Cys). A second variant detected in this gene, c.1003G>C (p.Val335Leu), is considered benign. Her glycosylated hemoglobin of 6.6% and 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test confirmed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study reports the earliest detection of T2DM in an adolescent with a pathogenic variant of PPARG. PPARG-related FPLD3 should be considered in lean children that present with severe HTG and insulin resistance, and subsequent treatment with proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists, specifically thiazolidinediones, should be considered.The year 2021 is the centennial of insulin discovery. The discovery of insulin changes diabetes mellitus from a death sentence to a manageable disease. It became a historical turning point in the lives of people with diabetes. Since the first use of insulin in a patient in 1922, insulin and its analogs have been remarkable in saving the lives of people with diabetes. As insulin began to be used as a drug, it was introduced to, and used in Korea until now. This review briefly summarizes the history of insulin treatment in Korean children and adolescents with diabetes.Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare complex genetic disorder that results from a lack of expression of the paternally inherited chromosome 15q11-q13. PWS is characterized by hypotonia and feeding difficulty in early infancy and development of morbid obesity aggravated by uncontrolled hyperphagia after childhood and adolescent. Dysmorphic facial features, delayed motor and language development, various degrees of cognitive impairment, and behavioral problems are common in PWS. Without early, intensive nutritional therapy along with behavioral modification, PWS patients develop severe obesity associated with type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, right-side heart failure, and other obesity-related metabolic complications. Hypothalamic dysfunction in PWS can lead to several endocrine disorders, including short stature with growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism, central adrenal insufficiency, and hypogonadism. In this review, we discuss the natural history of PWS and the mechanisms of hyperphagia and obesity. We also provide an update on obesity treatments and recommendations for screening and monitoring of various endocrine problems that can occur in PWS.Determining the pathogenesis of pediatric growth disorders is often challenging. In many cases, no pathogenesis is identified, and a designation of idiopathic short stature is used. The investigation of short stature requires a combination of clinical, endocrinological, and genetic evaluation. The techniques used are described, with equal importance being given to each of the 3 approaches. Clinical skills are essential to elicit an accurate history, family pedigree, and symptoms of body system dysfunction. Endocrine assessment requires hormonal determination for the diagnosis of hormone deficiency and initiation of successful replacement therapy. Genetic analysis has added a new dimension to the investigation of short stature and now uses next-generation sequencing with a candidate gene approach to confirm probable recognizable monogenic disorders and exome sequencing for complex phenotypes of unknown origin. Using the 3 approaches of clinical, endocrine, and genetic probes with equal status in the hierarchy of investigational variables provides the clinician with the highest chance of identifying the correct causative pathogenetic mechanism in a child presenting with short stature of unknown origin.The patient is a 72-year-old man who was referred to our hospital with an elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) level. He was diagnosed with prostate cancer (cT2aN0M0) at the age of 62 years. He had undergone radical proton beam radiotherapy. The PSA level decreased to a nadir of 0.217 ng/ml after 5 years, gradually increasing thereafter to 1.595 ng/ml during the next 5 years. Although magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate showed an abnormal signal area in the prostate, repeated biopsies of the prostate revealed no malignant findings. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT), bone scintigraphy and fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT did not detect any abnormalities in the prostate or metastatic lesions. ¹⁸F-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-PET/CT showed no accumulation in the prostate, but some accumulation in a left obturator lymph node. Open pelvic lymph node dissection was performed, and pathological examination confirmed lymph node metastasis from the prostate cancer.