Frederiksenmygind9064

Forefoot supination in relation to the tibia at initial contact decreased from 12.4 to 5.2 degrees after TATT (control group, 6.0 degrees). The heel showed less dynamic varus and adduction movement after TATT compared with preoperatively. Maximum ankle power was reduced preoperatively and postoperatively compared with controls. Maximum ankle dorsiflexion slightly increased after TATT. CONCLUSIONS Gait analysis showed normalization of the main components of dynamic clubfoot recurrence after TATT. This joint-sparing surgery efficiently corrects recurrent dynamic deformity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II-therapeutic.BACKGROUND Disruption through the weak iliac apophysis growth plate is characteristic in unstable pediatric posterior pelvic injuries. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans would help in the assessment of bony injuries in addition to the trunk and abdominal wall muscles and the posterior sacroiliac and pelvic floor ligaments. METHODS All children with displaced pelvic fractures Tile C and open triradiate cartilage between September 2010 and December 2017 who had computed tomography evidence of iliac apophysis avulsion and available MRI scans were reviewed. The paravertebral, anterior abdominal wall and iliacus muscles, and the sacroiliac and pelvic floor ligaments were evaluated. RESULTS Eight patients had pelvic MRI scans in addition to the standard computed tomography. All were males and the average age was 7.5 years (4 to 14 y). read more The iliac apophysis was attached posteriorly to the quadratus lumborum and erector spinae muscles and to the posterior sacroiliac complex. The bony iliac wing lost its connection bar fascia. This is central to our understanding for the pathomechanics of those injuries and for operative fixation.In July 2019, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released data for 2018 that indicated a rise in preterm births (birth at less then 37 weeks' gestation). This increase marks the fourth consecutive year that the United States has seen an increase in infants born too soon or too small. March of Dimes examined these data for its annual report card, giving the nation a "C" letter grade for this dismal outcome. This rise coincides with an ongoing increase in pregnancy-related death, the rate of which has more than doubled over the last 25 years in the United States. Racial and ethnic minorities suffer inequitably. Women of color are up to 50% more likely to give birth prematurely. Black, American Indian, and Alaska Native women are 2 to 3 times more likely to die from pregnancy-related causes than white women. A new approach is needed to address these crises. That approach must consider a range of population-based systems-level solutions.BACKGROUND To determine whether the busulfan (Bu) present in saliva during hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) conditioning correlates with oral mucositis and the changes in salivary antioxidant enzymes. METHODS Bu levels in the plasma and saliva of 19 patients who received HCTs were quantified. Salivary flow and salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities were measured during HCT. For the toxicity analysis of salivary Bu, an in vitro assay was conducted by exposing human keratinocytes to artificial saliva containing Bu. RESULTS Plasma and salivary Bu concentrations were very similar (rho = 0.92, p less then 0.001). Salivary Bu concentration correlated with the degree of oral mucositis severity (rho = 0.391, p = 0.029) and was inversely proportional to salivary SOD and catalase activities (rho = -0.458, p = 0.036; rho = -0.424, p = 0.043, respectively). Cells exposed to Bu-containing saliva had fewer viable cells (p less then 0.01) and more apoptotic cells (p = 0.001) than those exposed to non-Bu-containing saliva. CONCLUSIONS Bu found in saliva during HCT conditioning was correlated with severe oral mucositis and the reduction in salivary antioxidative activity. Further, Bu can be toxic to keratinocytes.The oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2) at the respiratory compensation point (RCP) closely identifies with the maximal metabolic steady-state. However, the power output (PO) at RCP cannot be determined from contemporary ramp-incremental exercise protocols. PURPOSE To test the efficacy of a "step-ramp-step" (SRS) cycling protocol for estimating the PO at RCP and the validity of RCP as a maximal metabolic steady-state surrogate. METHODS 10 heathy volunteers (5 women; age 30±7 yr; V[Combining Dot Above]O2max 54±6 mL·kg·min) performed in series a moderate step-transition to 100 W (MOD); ramp (30 W·min); and, after 30 min of recovery, step-transition at ~50% peak PO (HVY). Ventilatory and gas exchange data from the ramp were used to identify the V[Combining Dot Above]O2 at lactate threshold (LT) and RCP. The PO at LT was determined by linear regression of the V[Combining Dot Above]O2 versus PO relationship after adjusting ramp data by the difference between the ramp-PO at the steady-state V[Combining Dot Above]O2 from MOD and 100 W. Linear regression between the V[Combining Dot Above]O2-PO values associated with LT and HVY provided, by extrapolation, the PO at RCP. Participants then performed 30 min constant-power tests at the SRS-estimated RCP and 5% above this PO. RESULTS All participants completed 30 min of constant-power exercise at the SRS-estimated RCP achieving steady-state in V[Combining Dot Above]O2 of 3176±595 mL·min that was not different (p=0.80) from the ramp-identified RCP (3095±570 mL·min) and highly consistent within-participants (bias=-26 mL·min; r=0.97; CV=2.3±2.8%). At 5% above the SRS-estimated RCP, four participants could not complete 30 min and all but two exhibited non-steady-state responses in blood lactate and V[Combining Dot Above]O2. CONCLUSIONS In healthy individuals cycling at their preferred cadence, the SRS protocol and RCP are capable of accurately predicting the PO associated with maximal metabolic steady-state.PURPOSE Exercise and aging may modulate muscle protein homeostasis and autophagy, but few studies examine highly-trained middle-aged or older individuals. This study elucidated the effects of a new long-term training stimulus on markers of muscle autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR) and on sprint running performance in masters sprinters. METHODS Thirty-two male competitive sprinters (aged 40-76 years) were randomly divided into experimental (EX) and control (CTRL) groups. The EX training program was a combination of heavy and explosive strength and sprint exercises aimed at improving sprint performance. Fifteen and thirteen participants completed the 20-week intervention period in EX and CTRL, respectively. The latter were told to continue their routine exercises. Key protein markers were analyzed by western blotting from vastus lateralis (VL) muscle biopsies. Muscle thickness of VL was analyzed by ultrasonography and sprint performance by a 60-meter running test. RESULTS EX induced improvement in 60-meter sprint performance when compared to controls (time x group, P = 0.