Franklinmeadows0508

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-euphorigenic component of Cannabis sativa that prevents the development of paclitaxel-induced mechanical sensitivity in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). We recently reported that the CBD structural analogue KLS-13019 shows efficacy in an in vitro model of CIPN. The present study was to characterize the behavioural effects of KLS-13019 compared to CBD and morphine in mouse models of CIPN, nociceptive pain and reinforcement.

Prevention or reversal of paclitaxel-induced mechanical sensitivity were assessed following intraperitoneal or oral administration of CBD, KLS-13019 or morphine. Antinociceptive activity using acetic acid-induced stretching and hot plate assay, anti-reinforcing effects on palatable food or morphine self-administration and binding to human opioid receptors were also determined.

Like CBD, KLS-13019 prevented the development of mechanical sensitivity associated with paclitaxel administration. In contrast to CBD, KLS-13019 was 9. Lastly, KLS-13019 may possess the ability to attenuate reinforced behaviour, an effect not observed in the present study with CBD.

It is well established that successful learning with multimedia is challenging, especially for younger learners.

It was investigated whether students would profit from instructional support regarding the use of multimedia learning strategies.

Participants were high school students in 8

, 9

, and 10

grade (N=168).

Participants were assigned to a no-support control group or one of four experimental groups. In the experimental groups, students received either only a multimedia strategy training before learning (training group) or the training was enriched by prompts (prompts before or during learning) or if-then plans (implementation intentions). In the training, multimedia learning strategies were introduced (e.g., linking information from text and picture). The prompts and implementation intentions were aimed at enhancing the application of the multimedia strategies conveyed through the training. Students learned about the process of mitosis by studying multimedia instructions and were tested regarding the acquired knowledge. It was expected that solely training students to use adequate multimedia learning strategies would not promote learning compared with the control group, rather, that additional support like prompts or implementation intentions would be necessary to enhance learning.

Although in the experimental groups, multimedia learning strategies were used more frequently especially in the beginning of the instructional unit, there were no effects on learning outcome.

Promoting multimedia strategy use did not improve learning. The quality of the different instructional support measures and their suitability for the target groups are discussed as possible explanations for these findings.

Promoting multimedia strategy use did not improve learning. The quality of the different instructional support measures and their suitability for the target groups are discussed as possible explanations for these findings.Imaging the visual systems of bumblebees and other pollinating insects may increase understanding of their dependence on specific habitats and how they will be affected by climate change. Current high-resolution imaging methods are either limited to two dimensions (light- and electron microscopy) or have limited access (synchrotron radiation x-ray tomography). For x-ray imaging, heavy metal stains are often used to increase contrast. Here, we present micron-resolution imaging of compound eyes of buff-tailed bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) using a table-top x-ray nanotomography (nano-CT) system. mTOR inhibitor By propagation-based phase-contrast imaging, the use of stains was avoided and the microanatomy could more accurately be reconstructed than in samples stained with phosphotungstic acid or osmium tetroxide. The findings in the nano-CT images of the compound eye were confirmed by comparisons with light- and transmission electron microscopy of the same sample and finally, comparisons to synchrotron radiation tomography as well as to a commercial micro-CT system were done.Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that has undergone a revolutionary turnaround from discovery to clinically approved therapeutic. Rapid progress in drug design and formulation has led from initial development of short- and long-acting drugs suitable for daily or weekly parenteral administration, respectively, through to the most recent approval of an orally active GLP-1 agent. The current review outlines the biological action profile of GLP-1 including the various beneficial metabolic responses in pancreatic and extra-pancreatic tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract, liver, bone and kidney as well as the reproductive cardiovascular and CNS. We then briefly consider clinically approved GLP-1 receptor ligands and recent advances in this field. Given the sustained evolution in the area of GLP-1 drug development and excellent safety profile, as well as the plethora of metabolic benefits, clinical approval for use in diseases beyond diabetes and obesity is very much conceivable.

Millions of people worldwide have been diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has impacted maternal mental health and mother-infant relationships during the postpartum period.

To explore how mothers' anxious and depressive symptoms, parenting stress, mindful parenting, and mother-infant bonding vary as a function of the moment of the baby's birth (pre-COVID-19 or post-COVID-19) and to examine the contribution of those variables to mother-infant bonding.

The sample was recruited online and comprises 567 mothers (18-46 years) with an infant aged between 0 and 12 months old.

Approximately 27.5% of the mothers presented clinically significant levels of anxious and depressive symptoms. Mothers who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic presented lower levels of Emotional Awareness of the Child and a more impaired mother-infant bonding than mothers who gave birth before the pandemic started. Approximately 49% of the mother-infant bonding variance was explained by parenting stress and by several dimensions of mindful parenting.

Our findings provide important insights into the impact of COVID-19 on maternal mental health and parenting.

Our findings provide important insights into the impact of COVID-19 on maternal mental health and parenting.In the phase 3 POLLUX trial, daratumumab in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Rd) significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) alone. Here, we present patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from POLLUX, assessed using the validated European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30-item (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the EuroQol 5-dimensional descriptive system (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires. Changes from baseline are presented as least-squares mean changes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) derived from a mixed-effects model. PRO assessment compliance rates were high and similar in both D-Rd and Rd groups through cycle 40 (week 156). In this on-treatment analysis, mean changes from baseline were significantly greater in EORTC QLQ-C30 global health status, physical functioning, and pain scores in the D-Rd group versus the Rd group at multiple time points; however, magnitude of changes was low, suggesting no meaningful impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Subgroup results were similar to those in the overall population. In the POLLUX study, baseline HRQoL was maintained with prolonged D-Rd treatment. These findings complement the sustained and significant improvement in progression-free survival observed with D-Rd and supports its use in patients with RRMM. Clinical trial registration NCT02076009.

Self-focused attention is a maintaining factor for social anxiety disorder. It was shown that self-focused attention correlates with trait mindfulness, but not with attention control. This study examined the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the self-focused attention (J-SFA) scale.

Students (N = 502) completed a set of questionnaires, measuring self-focused attention, social anxiety symptoms, trait mindfulness, and attention control.

A confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the J-SFA scale has a bi-factor structure. The Cronbach's α coefficient was high. Correlation analysis showed that each factor of the J-SFA scale was significantly weakly to moderately correlated with social anxiety symptoms and trait mindfulness, and the J-SFA scale's factors were significantly or non-significantly very weakly correlated with attentional control functions.

The findings indicate that the J-SFA demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity for our sample and provide impetus for future research into the measure for clinical and nonclinical samples in Japan.

The findings indicate that the J-SFA demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity for our sample and provide impetus for future research into the measure for clinical and nonclinical samples in Japan.

Bronchiectasis is characterised by excessive sputum production, chronic cough, and acute exacerbations and is associated with symptoms of dyspnoea and fatigue, which reduce exercise tolerance and impair quality of life. Exercise training in isolation or in conjunction with other interventions is beneficial for people with other respiratory diseases, but its effects in bronchiectasis have not been well established.

To determine effects of exercise training compared to usual care on exercise tolerance (primary outcome), quality of life (primary outcome), incidence of acute exacerbation and hospitalisation, respiratory and mental health symptoms, physical function, mortality, and adverse events in people with stable or acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis.

We identified trials from the Cochrane Airways Specialised Register, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization trials portal, from their inception to October 2020. We reviewed respiratory conference abstracts and reference lists of all primar.

This study tested the effects of emotional disclosure writing and peer helping writing in reducing psychological distress among Chinese international students. This study also examined whether rumination and ambivalence over emotion expression moderated the effects of emotional disclosure and peer helping writing.

One hundred forty-four Chinese international students were randomly assigned to one of three conditions emotional disclosure, peer helping, or neutral control writing. Participants completed two 20-min writing sessions and questionnaires at baseline, 2-month follow-up, and 4-month follow-up.

We found no significant differences across the three writing conditions in levels of psychological distress over time. However, rumination emerged as a significant moderator in both emotional disclosure and peer helping intervention conditions. High ruminators generally experienced significant reductions in depressive symptoms, whereas low ruminators experienced increased depressive symptoms.

These findings demonstrate that the benefits of writing interventions may vary as a function of rumination.