Francotorres1329
Cherry juice has become a standard component of athlete recovery strategies. This review covers the history of cherry juice as a recovery drink to give context to its current use. Fifteen studies were identified that included a measure of muscle function, soreness, or inflammation on the days following exercise and had an exercise insult sufficient to assess the effectiveness of the tart cherry intervention. Eight studies used a concentrated juice, three used a juice from fresh-frozen cherries, two used a tart cherry concentrate gel, and two used a tart cherry powder. The effective juice dose was specific to the type of drink (fresh-frozen versus concentrate) but dose-response studies are lacking, and thus, the optimal dose for any specific type of cherry juice is not known. Timing of the dosing regimen is a critical factor. Studies have uniformly shown that muscle function will recover faster on the days after exercise if juice is provided for several days prior to exercise. Effects on soreness or systemic inflammation are more equivocal. The available evidence does not support a regimen that begins on the day of exercise or post-exercise. Tart cherry powder did not enhance any metric of recovery on the days after exercise. In conclusion, the term recovery implies an intervention that is introduced after an exercise insult. The term "precovery" may be preferable to describe interventions that should be introduced on the days prior to exercise to facilitate recovery on the days after exercise. The evidence supports cherry juice as a precovery intervention across a range of athletic activities.Transparent conductive films (TCFs) are irreplaceable components in most optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes, sensors, smart windows, and bioelectronics. The shortcomings of existing traditional transparent conductors demand the development of new material systems that are both transparent and electrically conductive, with variable functionality to meet the requirements of new generation optoelectronic devices. In this respect, TCFs with periodic or irregular nanomesh structures have recently emerged as promising candidates, which possess superior mechanical properties in comparison with conventional metal oxide TCFs. Among the methods for nanomesh TCFs fabrication, nanosphere lithography (NSL) has proven to be a versatile platform, with which a wide range of morphologically distinct nanomesh TCFs have been demonstrated. These materials are not only functionally diverse, but also have advantages in terms of device compatibility. This review provides a comprehensive description of the NSL process and its most relevant derivatives to fabricate nanomesh TCFs. The structure-property relationships of these materials are elaborated and an overview of their application in different technologies across disciplines related to optoelectronics is given. It is concluded with a perspective on current shortcomings and future directions to further advance the field.Parasitic and parasitoid organisms, including nematodes, trematodes, flies, ticks and wasps, rely on chemical cues to locate a host. In previous research, these cues were assumed to originate directly from the host, but in some cases it appears that the microbiome is responsible for emitting volatile organic compounds that can attract or repel parasites (Chavez et al., 2021; Takken & Verhulst, 2013). In a From the Cover paper in this issue of Molecular Ecology, Lutz et al. (2021) use multiscale analyses to demonstrate that members of the skin and oral, but not gut microbiome are correlated with ecto- and endoparasite occurrence in Afrotropical bats. That the microbiome may act as a beacon for searching parasites is an innovative mechanism for explaining how parasites find their host. This mechanism also changes our understanding of how evolutionary arms races occur between a host and parasite. Instead of reciprocal adaptations that allow the host to better defend and the parasite to better attack, each host and parasite may be attempting to manipulate or overcome manipulation of the microbiome that mediates the host-parasite interaction. While Lutz et al. (2021) establish that the skin and oral microbiomes are distinct between parasitized and nonparasitized individuals, they acknowledge that the directionality of this change cannot be determined from their data (i.e., does the microbiome differentially attract parasites or does the microbiome reflect the infection status of its host?). This leaves us with several interesting directions for future research. All of these future avenues of research have the potential to change our understanding of host-parasite coevolution, by necessitating that we extend our examination of this seemingly bipartite interaction to include a third actor-the microbiome.Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9) may offer new therapeutics for genetic diseases through gene disruption via nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) or gene correction via homology-directed repair (HDR). However, clinical translation of CRISPR technology is limited by the lack of safe and efficient delivery systems. Here, facilely fabricated pH-responsive polymer nanoparticles capable of safely and efficiently delivering Cas9 ribonucleoprotein alone (termed NHEJ-NP, diameter = 29.4 nm), or together with donor DNA (termed HDR-NP, diameter = 33.3 nm) are reported. Moreover, intravenously, intratracheally, and intramuscularly injected NHEJ-NP induces efficient gene editing in mouse liver, lung, and skeletal muscle, respectively. Intramuscularly injected HDR-NP also leads to muscle strength recovery in a Duchenne muscular dystrophy mouse model. NHEJ-NP and HDR-NP possess many desirable properties including high payload loading content, small and uniform sizes, high editing efficiency, good biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and ease of production, storage, and transport, making them great interest for various genome editing applications with clinical potentials.A brief overview of quantum materials and their prospects for applications, in the near, mid, and far-term in the areas of quantum information science, spintronics, valleytronics, and twistronics and those involving topology are covered in this perspective. The material and processing challenges that will modulate the realism of the applications will be discussed as well.In preclinical models, the composition and function of the gut microbiota have been linked to bone growth and homeostasis, but there are few available data from studies of human populations. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/skf-34288-hydrochloride.html In a hypothesis-generating experiment in a large cohort of community-dwelling older men (n = 831; age range, 78-98 years), we explored the associations between fecal microbial profiles and bone density, microarchitecture, and strength measured with total hip dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) (distal radius, distal and diaphyseal tibia). Fecal samples were collected and the 16S rRNA gene V4 hypervariable region sequenced. Sequences were bioinformatically processed through the DADA2 pipeline and then taxonomically assigned using SILVA. Generalized linear models as implemented in microbiome multivariable association with linear models (MaAsLin 2) were used to test for associations between skeletal measures and specific microbial genera. The abundan © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Hainan has one of the high incidences of thalassemia in China, but the epidemiological data in the whole province has not been reported yet. The objective of our study was to reveal the true prevalence and molecular mutation spectrum of thalassemia in the population of Hainan who are of childbearing age.
We screened 166,936 individuals from 19 cities and counties in Hainan by hematological parameters analysis, and further conducted genetic analysis for individuals whose MCV was less than 82fL.
In total, 21,619 (12.95%) subjects were diagnosed as thalassemia carriers or patients. The overall prevalence of α-thalassemia, β-thalassemia, and α+β-thalassemia were 10.39%, 1.38%, and 1.18%, respectively. Eleven α-thalassemia mutations and sixteen β-thalassemia mutations were identified. The high-frequent genotypes of α-thalassemia were -α
/αα (19.70%), -α
/αα (19.39%), αα/--
(15.60%), α
α/αα (9.24%), and -α
/-α
(8.90%), and those of β-thalassemia were β
/β
(58.92%), β
/β
(16.05%), β
/β
(8.42%), β
/β
(6.03%), β
/β
(5.47%), and β
/β
(2.69%). In addition, the frequencies and hematological profiles of many rare mutations of α- [Fusion, HKαα, αααanti
, IVS-II-55 (T>G), IVS-II-119 (-G,+CTCGGCCC)] and β-globin genes [-50 (G>A), IVS-Ⅱ-81 (C>T)] in Hainan were reported for the first time.
Our study revealed the high prevalence and extensive molecular spectrum of thalassemia in childbearing age population of Hainan, suggesting thalassemia in Hainan ranks second in prevalence among all regions in China. The findings will be useful for genetic counseling and prevention of thalassemia.
Our study revealed the high prevalence and extensive molecular spectrum of thalassemia in childbearing age population of Hainan, suggesting thalassemia in Hainan ranks second in prevalence among all regions in China. The findings will be useful for genetic counseling and prevention of thalassemia.
Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (NAM) is strongly associated with pathognomonic autoantibodies targeting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) or signal recognition particle (SRP), whose levels in turn are correlated with serum creatine kinase (CK) and necrosis. Thus, NAM may be amenable to therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) to remove pathogenic antibodies and improve patient symptoms.
A retrospective case series and literature review of patients presenting with NAM and undergoing treatment with TPE was performed. Clinical data including patient demographics, symptoms, physical exam findings, muscle biopsy, lower extremity imaging, prior therapy, and duration from diagnosis to TPE initiation were collected retrospectively for adult patients with NAM treated with TPE after failing to respond to immunomodulatory therapy. Laboratory data including change in CK levels and myositis-specific antibody titers from baseline were measured in some patients.
Six patients (median age at diagnosis 52.5 years, interquartile range [IQR] 35.8-64.5 years, four male/two female) underwent a median of 7.5 (IQR 5-10) TPE procedures with 5% albumin as replacement. All patients exhibited a statistically significant reduction in CK level from pre-TPE baseline (range 43.0%-58.7% reduction). Responses in this cohort were best in patients with antibodies targeting HMGCR and SRP, which are most strongly associated with NAM. These results compare favorably to a literature review of NAM patients (n=19) treated with TPE, who also exhibited positive clinical and laboratory responses across varying treatment lengths.
TPE can play a role in the management of NAM, particularly in patients with HMGCR or SRP antibodies who are refractory to pharmacologic immunosuppression.
TPE can play a role in the management of NAM, particularly in patients with HMGCR or SRP antibodies who are refractory to pharmacologic immunosuppression.
