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Appendicitis complicated with appendiceal perforation is common among children. The delay in diagnosis of appendicitis is due to children's varied presentations and their difficulty in communicating symptoms. We aimed to identify clinical factors that aid in predicting acute appendicitis (AA) and perforated appendicitis (PA) among children.

This retrospective study involved 215 children aged 12 years and below with the initial diagnosis of AA and PA. Clinical factors studied were demographics, presenting symptoms, body temperature on admission (BTOA), white cell count (WCC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), platelet count and urinalysis. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were used to determine the odds ratio of the statistically significant clinical factors. Results The mean age of the included children was 7.98 ± 2.37 years. The odds of AA increased by 2.177 times when the age was ≥ 8 years (

= 0.022), 2.380 times when duration of symptoms ≥ 2 days (

= 0.011), 2.447 times with right iliac fossa (RIF) pain (

= 0.007), 2.268 times when BTOA ≥ 38 °C (

= 0.020) and 2.382 times when neutrophil percentage was ≥ 76% (

= 0.045). It decreased by 0.409 times with non-RIF pain (

= 0.007). The odds of PA was increased by 4.672 times when duration of symptoms ≥ 2 days (

= 0.005), 3.611 times when BTOA ≥ 38 °C (

= 0.015) and 3.678 times when neutrophil percentage ≥ 76% (

= 0.016). There was no significant correlation between WCC and ANC with AA and PA.

Older children with longer duration of symptoms, RIF pain and higher BTOA are more likely to have appendicitis. The risk of appendiceal perforation increases with longer duration of symptoms and higher BTOA.

Older children with longer duration of symptoms, RIF pain and higher BTOA are more likely to have appendicitis. click here The risk of appendiceal perforation increases with longer duration of symptoms and higher BTOA.

Research on audiovisual post-attentive integration has been carried out using a variety of experimental paradigms and experimental groups but not yet studied in dyslexia. We investigated post-attentive integration and topographic voltage distribution in children with dyslexia by analysing the P300 event-related potential (ERP) component.

We used a 128-child ERP net for the ERP experiment. Two types of stimuli were presented as either congruent or incongruent stimuli. Congruent stimuli included a matching auditory sound with an animal image, whereas incongruent stimuli included unmatched animal sounds. A total of 24 age-matched children were recruited in the control (

= 12) and dyslexia (

= 12) groups. Children pressed button '1' or '2' when presented with congruent or incongruent stimuli, respectively. The P300 amplitudes and latencies with topographic voltage distribution were analysed for both groups.

The dyslexia group evoked significantly higher P300 amplitudes at the T4 area than the control group. No significant differences were found in cases of P300 latency. Moreover, the dyslexia group demonstrated a higher intensity of P300 voltage distribution in the right parietal and left occipital areas than the control group.

Post-attentive integration for children with dyslexia is higher and that this integration process implicated the parietal and occipital areas.

Post-attentive integration for children with dyslexia is higher and that this integration process implicated the parietal and occipital areas.

Mental disorders are common among the elderly with serious symptoms of depression and social isolation. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of laughter therapy (LT) on depression and quality of life (QOL) of the elderly living in Abadeh nursing homes.

This is a controlled semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test design. Ninety eligible ones of the elderly living in the Abadeh nursing homes and from July to September 2017, entered the study. Some of the criteria for entering the study include being over 60 years old, orientation, not having blindness and deafness, lack of physical and mental problems. After determining the intervention and control groups, the scale of depression and QOL was administered to the subjects and their scores were collected in the pre-test.

Most of the study samples were in the intervention (35.55%) and control (37.77%) group in the age range of 60-69 years. In both intervention and control groups, respectively, 31.11% and 68.88% elderly were males and females. The mean scores of depression in the intervention group after LT (M = 2.57) were lower than those before the intervention (M = 6.87) [CI = -5.58-(-3.02)] and also the results of independent

-test showed a statistically significant difference before and after the intervention between the two groups (

< 0.001). The mean score of dimensions of QOL after LT was higher than that before in the intervention and there was a statistically significant difference in all dimensions with paired

-test (

< 0.001).

Since the implementation of this programme could improve the mental status and QOL of the elderly, this method of therapy can be used as an alternative or complementary model to enhance the health of the elderly.

Since the implementation of this programme could improve the mental status and QOL of the elderly, this method of therapy can be used as an alternative or complementary model to enhance the health of the elderly.

This study intends to find the growth patterns of selected school children. Globally accepted statistical methods were used to evaluate the data and prepare a growth chart.

This cross-sectional study was conducted with school-going children from 16 selected schools of a tribal district in Jharkhand using multistage cluster random sampling. In each selected school, 60 students, 30 boys and 30 girls, were chosen randomly, totaling 960 children (full data was for 935 children only). Growth charts were created using Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) chart maker version 2.5 for height, weight and body mass index (BMI). In the charts, the LMS values with Z scores for each age and respective height and weight for boys and girls were recorded.

The 468 boys and 467 girls were in the range of 6-14 years of age. Percentile values obtained for the measured heights in centimetres were evaluated and compared with Indian Academy of Pediatrics reference charts for boys and girls for the same age group, and our values were found to be on the lower side.