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ADHD and Medication

Medications can help people with ADHD focus, control impulsive behavior and hyperactivity, and finish tasks. They can also help reduce anxiety and depression.

The most commonly prescribed medications to teens and children with ADHD are stimulants. They include amphetamines (such as Adderall and Dexedrine) and methylphenidates (such as Focalin and Ritalin). Doctors monitor children closely to detect signs of addiction.

Stimulants

The most commonly prescribed medication by doctors to treat ADHD is stimulants. They are believed to work by increasing the activity in the brain areas that regulate attention and behavior. Methylphenidate is the most commonly used medicine used to treat ADHD and doctors may also prescribe amphetamines, or a newer medication known as quebrachine (brand name Quelbree). Doctors may prescribe long-acting or extended release formulations of these medicines so that the drugs build slowly within the body, and wear off more slowly. adhd without medication will help reduce adverse effects and decrease the chance of experiencing an abrupt "rebound" effect as the drug wears off.

Researchers believe that stimulants can help those suffering from ADHD by raising levels of a neurotransmitter called dopamine in the brain. Dopamine aids in improving concentration and focus as well as reduce impulsiveness and hyperactivity. Dopamine can also boost the activity of the neurons that transmit signals to the brain's nucleus acumbens that are involved in motivation, pleasure, and reward.

According to research, people who suffer from ADHD may have lower-than-normal dopamine levels in their frontal cortex. This is the part of the brain that is responsible for "executive functions" such as planning and organisation. This can cause problems with time management and completing tasks, as well as difficulty suppressing emotions and controlling impulses. Research suggests that stimulant drugs may aid in improving the functioning of the frontal cortex for those suffering from ADHD by preventing the reuptake process of dopamine and norepinephrine.

Some people suffering from ADHD are not able to respond to stimulant medication or are not tolerant to these medications. This could be due to the possibility of abuse and addiction and intolerance to certain adverse effects such as jitteriness or insomnia. In these cases, other medication options may be considered for treatment, like Wellbutrin and tricyclic antidepressants. These drugs are typically prescribed for ADHD "off-label" in that they are believed to increase attention and are associated with an extremely low chance of addiction or abuse.

In certain instances psychoeducation may be offered, which aims to help teens, children and adults understand the diagnosis and manage their symptoms. Therapists can use behavioural therapy to help people change their habits and behaviors.

There is a lot of debate about whether ADHD exists, and in the event that it does, what its causes may be. Some advocates advocate for more stringent diagnostic criteria and an end to prescribing stimulants to any person who does not meet the criteria. Others advocate non-stimulant treatment which is equally effective and has fewer adverse consequences. There is an increasing trend that promotes more behavioral change. This can be more effective over the long term than medication. This can involve a variety of psychological strategies such as cognitive behavior therapy and problem-solving skills training. This can include parenting techniques that reduce impulsiveness and distraction at home. Other types of behavior modification, such as reward based training and family counseling can also be helpful.