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79) or Xinyi county (aOR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.20-0.53), had a university or higher degree (aOR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.11-0.64), had good knowledge of EV71 vaccines (aOR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.67-0.98), perceived their children's disease susceptibility, and worried about the severity of HFMD had a higher willingness to vaccinate their children. Most parents were willing to vaccinate their children against EV71-related HFMD. Parental age, location, education level, knowledge of EV71 vaccines, concern about susceptibility, and severity of HFMD were all factors that influenced willingness to vaccinate.This McCloy Lecture sheds light on the "hidden profession" of Physical Education Teacher Educators (PETEs) by sharing my perspectives on the challenges and opportunities faced by PETE scholars and teachers globally. I begin with an overview of my biography and how it has influenced my thinking about PETE. I present some scholarly critiques of PETE, a selection of PETE research findings and address key policy issues within teacher education across several national educational systems describing how Physical Education teacher educators manage (or not) the challenges and opportunities in the practice of teacher education in modern-day universities. I draw on data from my international study of experienced Physical Education teacher educators about the nature of their work in academe and the status of physical education teacher education locally, nationally and globally. I also draw on the perspectives of Irish teacher educators about the challenges of being active producers and users of research in a challenging national policy context. I conclude with a set of observations about how best to build capacity among Physical Education teacher educators so they can thrive as research active and innovative teachers in the modern university.Background Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Access to glaucoma specialists is challenging and likely to become more difficult as the population ages. Introduction Using telemedicine for glaucoma (teleglaucoma) has the potential to increase access to glaucoma care by improving efficiency and decreasing the need for long-distance travel for patients. Results Teleglaucoma programs can be used for screening, diagnostic consultation, and long-term treatment monitoring. Key components of teleglaucoma programs include patient history, equipment, intraocular pressure measurement, pachymetry, anterior chamber imaging/gonioscopy, fundus photography, retinal nerve fiber layer imaging, medical record and imaging software, and skilled personnel. Discussion Teleglaucoma has tremendous potential to improve patient access to high-quality cost-effective glaucoma care. Conclusions We have reviewed some special considerations needed to address the complexity of providing guideline-concordant glaucoma care.Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is an important disease of pepper (Capsicum annuum), an economically important solanaceous vegetable worldwide, in particular under condition of high temperature (HT). However, molecular mechanism underlying pepper immunity against bacterial wilt remains poorly understood. Herein, CaCBL1, a putative calcineurin B-like protein, was functionally characterized in pepper's response to R. solanacearum inoculation (RSI) under HT. CaCBL1 was significantly upregulated by RSI/RT, HT or RSI/HT. CaCBL1-GFP fused protein targeted to the whole epidermic cells of Nicotiana benthamiana when transiently overexpressed. CaCBL1 silencing by virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) significantly enhanced pepper susceptibility to RSI under room temperature (RT) or HT, while its transient overexpression triggered hypersensitive response (HR) mimic cell death and upregulation of immunity associated marker genes including CabZIP63, CaWRKY40 and CaCDPK15, the positive regulators in pepper's response to RSI or HT by our previous studies. In addition, by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) PCR and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), CaCBL1 was found to be directly targeted by CaWRKY40, but not by CaWRKY27 or CaWRKY58, via the W-box-2 within its promoter, and its transcription was found to be downregulated by silencing of CaWRKY40 while enhanced by its transient overexpression. These results suggest that CaCBL1 acts as positive regulator in the pepper immunity against R. solanacearum infection constituting a positive feedback loop with CaWRKY40.BACKGROUND Diffuse actinic keratoses (AKs) have multiple treatment options. Patient understanding of treatment options may enhance patient autonomy, satisfaction, treatment adherence, and clinical outcomes. Delivering effective and consistent verbal counseling on AK treatment can be challenging. OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect on patient knowledge of implementing, prior to standard counseling, a novel video decision aid explaining diffuse AK treatment options. METHODS & MATERIALS Participants were recruited from an academic Mohs surgery clinic and randomized to receive the video decision aid plus standard verbal counseling (video) or standard verbal counseling alone (control). Both groups completed baseline, immediate post-intervention, and 1-2 week delayed durable knowledge assessments. Secondary endpoints included participant satisfaction and verbal counseling duration. RESULTS 31 eligible patients (16 control, 15 video) participated. No baseline differences existed between the groups. The video group had significantly higher mean durable knowledge scores than the controls (video 10.00 ± 1.48, control 8.36 ± 1.69, P = 0.018). Patients were highly satisfied with the video. Verbal counseling duration did not significantly differ between groups. CONCLUSION A video decision aid for treatment of diffuse AKs improved durable patient knowledge.Aortic structure and function are controlled by the coordinated actions of different aortic cells and the extracellular matrix. Several pathways have been identified that control the aortic wall in a cell-type-specific manner and play diverse roles in various phases of aortic injury, repair, and remodeling. This complexity of signaling in the aortic wall poses challenges to the development of therapeutic strategies for treating aortic aneurysms and dissections. Calcium folinate Here, in part II of this Recent Highlights series on aortic aneurysms and dissections, we will summarize recent studies published in Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology that have contributed to our knowledge of the signaling pathway-related mechanisms of aortic aneurysms and dissections.