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their correlation with patient outcome. Taken together, our work will help optimizing future treatment combinations and, possibly, better selecting patients.

This study was registered with www.

gov NCT04109755 . Registration date June, 2020.

gov NCT04109755 . Registration date June, 2020.

Dementia is a serious disease that can lead to disability because it impacts the individual's memory, cognition, behavior, and capacity to perform activities of daily living. While most people prefer to receive a full diagnostic disclosure, the actual care requirements of family caregivers of persons with dementia are often unknown after a dementia diagnosis is disclosed. The primary aim of this study was to explore the experiences of family caregivers in response to a dementia diagnosis disclosure and analyze the care needs of caregivers.

A qualitative study conducted in accordance with COREQ guidelines. The grounded theory approach was undertaken in 20 family caregivers of persons with dementia, who were selected using purposive sampling. Data were analysed using the constant comparative method.

The core category of this study was "diagnostic disclosure Start the long road of care challenges", which was defined as describing the experiences of family caregivers of persons with dementia after first beiom persons with cognitive impairments, assist them in understanding their illness in a tactful manner, and ensure that they understand how to cooperate in any subsequent care plans.

To investigate the differences in HPV genotypes and clinical indicators between cervical squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma and to identify independent predictors for differentiating cervical squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

A total of 319 patients with cervical cancer, including 238 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 81 patients with adenocarcinoma, were retrospectively analysed. The clinical characteristics and laboratory indicators, including HPV genotypes, SCCAg, CA125, CA19-9, CYFRA 21-1 and parity, were analysed by univariate and multivariate analyses, and a classification model for cervical squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma was established. The model was validated in 96 patients with cervical cancer.

There were significant differences in SCCAg, CA125, CA19-9, CYFRA 21-1, HPV genotypes and clinical symptoms between cervical squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that SCCAg and HPV genotypes (high risk) were iuld be anticipated, and early active intervention treatment should be used to improve the prognosis and survival of patients.

To investigate efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) guiding to cut the scar of esophageal stricture after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS).

The data of 10 patients with oesophageal stricture after esophageal varices EIS in our hospital from September 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021 treated by cutting the scar guided by ultrasonic endoscopy were retrospective, and the efficacy was evaluated.

The dysphagia was obviously relieved in 9 patients during follow-up, and 1 patient suffered dysphagia again after the treatment. There was no complications of perforation, bleeding and infection among the paitents.

EUS guiding to cut the scar of esophageal stricture after EIS was safe and reliable.

EUS guiding to cut the scar of esophageal stricture after EIS was safe and reliable.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is accompanied by activated immune-inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress, which both induce indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a key enzyme of the tryptophan (TRP) catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway. The aim of this study was to systematically review and meta-analyze the status of the TRYCAT pathway, including the levels of TRP and kynurenine (KYN) and the activity of IDO, as measured by the ratio of KYN/TRP.

This systematic review searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Sciences and included 14 articles that compared TRP and tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs) in COVID-19 patients versus non-COVID-19 controls, as well as severe/critical versus mild/moderate COVID-19. The analysis was done on a total of 1269 people, including 794 COVID-19 patients and 475 controls.

The results show a significant (p < 0.0001) increase in the KYN/TRP ratio (standardized mean difference, SMD = 1.099, 95% confidence interval, CI 0.714; 1.484) and KYN (SMD = 1.123, 95% CI 0.730; 1.516) and significantly lower TRP (SMD = -1.002, 95%CI -1.738; -0.266) in COVID-19 versus controls. The KYN/TRP ratio (SMD = 0.945, 95%CI 0.629; 1.262) and KYN (SMD = 0.806, 95%CI 0.462; 1.149) were also significantly (p < 0.0001) higher and TRP lower (SMD = -0.909, 95% CI -1.569; -0.249) in severe/critical versus mild/moderate COVID-19. No significant difference was detected in kynurenic acid (KA) and the KA/KYN ratio between COVID-19 patients and controls.

Our results indicate increased activity of the IDO enzyme in COVID-19 and severe/critical patients. The TRYCAT pathway is implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of COVID-19 and may signal a worsening outcome of the disease.

Our results indicate increased activity of the IDO enzyme in COVID-19 and severe/critical patients. The TRYCAT pathway is implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of COVID-19 and may signal a worsening outcome of the disease.

The pathogenesis of migraine chronification remains unclear. Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown impaired functional and structural alterations in the brains of patients with chronic migraine. The cerebellum and periaqueductal gray (PAG) play pivotal roles in the neural circuits of pain conduction and analgesia in migraine. However, few neurotransmitter metabolism studies of these migraine-associated regions have been performed. To explore the pathogenesis of migraine chronification, we measured gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) levels in the dentate nucleus (DN) and PAG of patients with episodic and chronic migraine and healthy subjects.

Using the MEGA-PRESS sequence and a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance scanner (Signa Premier; GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA), we obtained DN and PAG metabolite concentrations from patients with episodic migraine (n = 25), those with chronic migraine (n = 24), and age-matched and sex-matched healthy subjects (n = 1hronification. Correlations between migraine characteristics and neurochemical levels revealed the pathological mechanisms of the relevant characteristics.

Neurochemical levels in the DN and PAG may provide evidence of the pathological mechanisms of migraine chronification. find more Correlations between migraine characteristics and neurochemical levels revealed the pathological mechanisms of the relevant characteristics.

A growing need and focus on preventing and controlling the diseases and promoting a healthier lifestyle is more evident at global, regional, and national levels. In this respect, it is well-known the positive association between physical activity and population's health, but also its negative association with the demand of healthcare, which could lead to lower spending on healthcare systems. In France, a lack of physical activity, a high prevalence of sedentary behaviours, and a continuous deterioration of these behaviours are observed since 2006. Therefore, promoting and increasing physical activities could contribute to major societal issues. Within this context, the study aims to analyse how the use of different healthcare services are related to physical activity in a nationally representative sample of French population.

The data used was retrieved from the second wave of the EHIS-ESPS 2014. The relationship between physical activity and healthcare utilization, controlled by a set of socioeconomic, dd by the negative association between physical activity and overnight hospitalization or home healthcare services.

This study highlights the double role of physical activity on health as preventive measure and treatment and thus support the implementation of public health policies aimed at increasing the level of physical activity in French population.

This study highlights the double role of physical activity on health as preventive measure and treatment and thus support the implementation of public health policies aimed at increasing the level of physical activity in French population.

The Jamar hydraulic dynamometer is a widely recognized tool for measuring grip strength. Nevertheless, the devices used most often in Asian countries are spring-type dynamometers, represented by the CAMRY dynamometer or Smedley dynamometer. We aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the CAMRY dynamometer compared with the Jamar dynamometer.

This was a cross-sectional study using a random crossover design in the grip strength test with two dynamometers. A total of 1064 healthy community-dwelling older adults aged 50-90years old, which included 686 minorities and 378 Han Chinese, were recruited into the study from July to September 2021. We assessed the reliability and validity of the CAMRY EH101 dynamometer, and the Jamar dynamometer was regarded as the reference device. The order of testing with two dynamometers was randomized in a 11 ratio, with a 10-min gap between the two devices. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman analysis were calculated to assess reliability and validity between the two devices.

The average handgrip strength (HGS) values at six times by the Jamar and CAMRY devices were 25.0 ± 7.9kg and 24.6 ± 7.5kg, respectively. The ICC values between the two devices were 0.815-0.854, and the systematic bias underestimated by the CAMRY dynamometer was 0.5kg in men and 0.6kg in women. We carried out a linear regression equation by sex, and their relationship was found as follows male HGS (kg)

 = 8.001 + 0.765 × HGS (kg)

 ; female HGS (kg)

 = 3.681 + 0.840 × HGS (kg)

.

The CAMRY EH101 dynamometer provides excellent reliability and validity. This device can serve as a reliable, inexpensive, and practical device to assess grip strength in geriatric clinical practice.

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100046367 ; Date of clinical trial reistration 15/05/2021.

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100046367 ; Date of clinical trial reistration 15/05/2021.

A variety of prediction models concerning COVID-19 have been proposed since onset of the pandemic, but to this date no gold standard exists. Mortality rates show a sharp increase with advancing age but with the large heterogeneity of this population in terms of comorbidities, vulnerability and disabilities, identifying risk factors is difficult. Therefore, we aimed to research the multidimensional concept of frailty, measured by the Acute Presenting Older Patient (APOP)-screener, as a risk factor for in-hospital mortality in older COVID-19 patients.

All consecutive patients of 70 years or older, with a PCR confirmed COVID-19 infection and a completed APOP-score, presenting at the Emergency Department (ED) of the Jeroen Bosch Hospital, the Netherlands, between February 27th 2020 and February 1st 2021 were retrospectively included. We gathered baseline characteristics and scored the CCI and CFS from patient records. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.

A total of 292 patients met the inclusion criteria.