Flowerscarey6664

The existence of taste and odour (T&O) in drinking water is one of the principal causes of consumer complaints and is commonly related to algae growth. Numerous studies have confirmed the existence of algal blooms emerging specifically in low-temperature periods, herein referred to as "cold algae"; these include chrysophytes, cryptophytes, dinoflagellates and diatoms. In addition, the adaption mechanisms of these "cold algae" involve high flexibility in their nutrient intake and to the hydrological characteristics of the waters and their high contents of intracellular polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Like algae proliferating in higher temperature waters, cold algae can also produce offensive odours. The potential dominant T&O compounds of low-temperature algae probably include saturated/unsaturated aldehydes and even some terpenoids. Among these, the polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), the derivatives of polyunsaturated fatty acids, are the dominant T&O compounds and are probably synthesized during cell rupture. It was found that, for cold algae, low temperature may have a favourable effect on the generation of algae-induced T&O compounds. Furthermore, to better understand the internal mechanisms of algal T&O production, the stress response theory is introduced, which provides ideas for T&O control in raw water and in water treatment. Finally, implications for T&O management are given based on this review. KEY POINTS • Like algae proliferating in higher temperature waters, cold algae can produce offensive odours. Sumatriptan supplier • Low temperatures may have a favourable effect on the generation of algae-induced T&O compounds. • The stress response theory can help to better understand the internal mechanisms of algal T&O production.

To investigate whether a telemedicine service (TMS) carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic impacted on management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).

We retrospectively reviewed the number and the findings of outpatient visits in DTC subjects referred between March 11, 2020, and May 31, 2020, during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Radiometabolic Unit of the University of Naples Federico II. Office visits scheduled in March and May 2020 were converted in teleconsultation reaching all patients planned for an in-ward access to advise them to use the TMS for all clinical necessity. The number and the findings of DTC patients evaluated by in-ward access in the corresponding period of 2019 were also assessed for direct comparison.

The number of outpatient visits performed by TMS during the pandemic (n = 445) and by in-ward access in the corresponding period of 2019 (n = 525) was comparable with only 15% of outpatient evaluations missed.

Our findings demonstrate the utility of telemedicine tools to avoid the potential negative impact of interruption or postponement of diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures. Therefore, investments in medical network system development, including the implementation of telehealth approaches, should be encouraged at national and international levels.

Our findings demonstrate the utility of telemedicine tools to avoid the potential negative impact of interruption or postponement of diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures. Therefore, investments in medical network system development, including the implementation of telehealth approaches, should be encouraged at national and international levels.The transcutaneous oxygen challenge test (OCT) is associated with central venous oxygen saturation and cardiac output index, and has predictive value for prognosis. Whether the change of transcutaneous oxygen pressure (PtcO2)-related variables can reflect lactate clearance in sepsis patients is worth studying. We conducted a prospective observational study of 79 patients with sepsis or septic shock in the ICU. Immediately after enrollment, PtcO2 monitoring was continuously performed for 6 h. The OCT was performed at enrollment (T0) and the sixth hour (T6). The correlation between lactate clearance and PtcO2-related variables such as PtcO2 at T6, ΔPtcO2 (PtcO2 at T6 - PtcO2 at T0), ΔPtcO2 index (PtcO2/PaO2 at T6 - PtcO2/PaO2 at T0), 10 OCT [(PtcO2 after 10 min on FiO2 of 1.0) - (PtcO2 at baseline)], Δ10 OCT (10 OCT at T6 - 10 OCT at T0) was analyzed. The difference of PtcO2-related variables was compared between the high and low lactate clearance groups. PtcO2 at T6 (r = 0.477, p less then 0.001), ΔPtcO2 (r = 0.592, p less then 0.001), ΔPtcO2 index (r = 0.553, p less then 0.001) and Δ10 OCT (r = 0.379, p = 0.001) were significantly correlated with the lactate clearance. To discriminate low lactate clearance, the area under the ROC curve was largest for ΔPtcO2, which was 0.804. PtcO2 at T6, PtcO2 index, ΔPtcO2, ΔPtcO2 index and Δ10 OCT were significantly different between the two different lactate clearance groups. Low lactate clearance in the initial 6 h of resuscitation of septic shock was associated to lower improvements in PtcO2-related variables.

The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of transcatheter and surgical aortic valve implantation in chronic dialysis patients with aortic valve stenosis (AS).

Chronic dialysis patients undergoing heart valve surgery are at higher risk for morbidity and mortality. Whether interventional techniques can reduce this risk is unclear because dialysis patients have thus far been excluded from randomized trials.

Chronic dialysis patients with AS enrolled in the German Aortic Valve Registry (GARY) between 2012 and 2015 were analyzed to compare transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI n = 661) with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR n = 457). Propensity scores for inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were used to adjust the comparison of the two treatment groups for potential confounders.

TAVI patients were older (78 ± 7.3 vs. 69 ± 10.2years, p < 0.01, unadjusted) and had more comorbidities. Mortality at 1year was the same (TAVI 33.4% vs. SAVR 35.0%, p = 0.72, IPTW-adjusted) while it was lower with TAVI at 30days (8.6% vs. 15.0%, p = 0.02, IPTW-adjusted). TAVI patients required more pacemaker implantation and showed more aortic regurgitation. SAVR patients required more blood transfusions and had longer hospital stay. Diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, previous PCI, urgent procedure and EuroSCORE were associated with elevated 30-day mortality. Atrial fibrillation and older age were independent risk factor of 1-year mortality in both groups.

Chronic dialysis patients with AS undergoing TAVI or SAVR had the same 1-year mortality, although survival at 30days was better with TAVI. These results suggest that TAVI may improve peri-procedural outcomes.

Chronic dialysis patients with AS undergoing TAVI or SAVR had the same 1-year mortality, although survival at 30 days was better with TAVI. These results suggest that TAVI may improve peri-procedural outcomes.