Floreshurst1916

The negligible drug leakage and selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells endow the proposed core-shell-corona prodrug nanoparticles with promising potential for tumor treatment without toxic side effects on the normal cells.The development of supramolecular hydrogel scaffolds for the precise positioning of biochemical cues is paramount for applications such as tissue engineering. Nucleic acid engineering allows fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures with high variability and nanoscale precision. In this study, aptamers were anisotropically functionalized onto branched DNA nanostructures to control their cell adhesion capability, and their efficiency as biological signal inducers for 3D cell cultivation was investigated. Each arm of the X-shaped DNA nanostructure (X-DNA) was functionalized with photo-cross-linkable or cell adhesion moieties, and the steric hindrance of the 3D DNA nanostructures on a cell was optimized. X-DNA nanostructures with cell-positioning parameters were rapidly photopolymerized to form hybrid hydrogels, and their effects on cell behaviors and positions were investigated. We observed that aptamer-functionalized X-DNA nanostructures exhibited significantly enhanced cell proliferation and provided homogeneous distribution and target-specific adhesion of encapsulated cells within hydrogel matrices. Overall, the anisotropic functionalization of DNA nanostructures provides a controllable function for the advancement of conventional 3D culture platforms.The optical properties of two Re(CO)3(bpy)Cl complexes in which the bpy is substituted with two donor (triphenylamine, TPA, ReTPA2) as well as both donor (TPA) and acceptor (benzothiadiazole, BTD, ReTPA-BTD) groups are presented. For ReTPA2 the absorption spectra show intense intraligand charge-transfer (ILCT) bands at 460 nm with small solvatochromic behavior; for ReTPA-BTD the ILCT transitions are weaker. These transitions are assigned as TPA → bpy transitions as supported by resonance Raman data and TDDFT calculations. The excited-state spectroscopy shows the presence of two emissive states for both complexes. The intensity of these emission signals is modulated by solvent. Time-resolved infrared spectroscopy definitively assigns the excited states present in CH2Cl2 to be MLCT in nature, and in MeCN the excited states are ILCT in nature. DFT calculations indicated this switching with solvent is governed by access to states controlled by spin-orbit coupling, which is sufficiently different in the two solvents, allowing to select out each of the charge-transfer states.In this work, high-performance amorphous In0.75Ga0.23Sn0.02O (a-IGTO) transistors with an atomic layer-deposited Al2O3 dielectric layer were fabricated at a maximum processing temperature of 150 °C. Hydrogen (H) and excess oxygen (Oi) in the Al2O3 film, which was controlled by adjusting the oxygen radical density (PO2 flow rate of O2/[Ar+O2]) in the radio-frequency (rf) plasma during ALD growth of Al2O3, significantly affected the performance and stability of the resulting IGTO transistors. The concentrations of H and Oi in Al2O3/IGTO stacks according to PO2 were characterized by secondary ion mass spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and thermal desorption spectroscopy. The high concentration of H at a low PO2 of 2.5% caused heavy electron doping in the underlying IGTO during thermal annealing at 150 °C, leading to a conductive behavior in the resulting transistor without modulation capability. In contrast, a high PO2 condition of 20% introduced O2 molecules (or Oi) into the Al2O3 film, which negatively impacted the carrier mobility and caused anomalous photo-bias instability in the IGTO transistor. Through in-depth understanding of how to manipulate H and Oi in Al2O3 by controlling the PO2, we fabricated high-performance IGTO transistors with a high field-effect mobility (μFE) of 58.8 cm2/Vs, subthreshold gate swing (SS) of 0.12 V/decade, threshold voltage (VTH) of 0.5 V, and ION/OFF ratio of ∼109 even at the maximum processing temperature of 150 °C. Simultaneously, the optimized devices were resistant to exposure to external positive gate bias stress (PBS) and negative bias stress (NBS) for 3600 s, where the VTH shifts for exposure to PBS and NBS for this duration were 0.1 V and -0.15 V, respectively.An effective drug delivery system (DDS) relies on an efficient cellular uptake and faster intracellular delivery of theranostic agents, bypassing the endosomal mediated degradation of the payload. The use of viral nanoparticles (VNPs) permits such advancement, as the viruses are naturally evolved to infiltrate the host cells to deliver their genetic material. As a proof of concept, we bioengineered the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G)-based near-infrared (NIR) active viral nanoconstructs (NAVNs) encapsulating indocyanine green dye (ICG) for NIR bioimaging. NAVNs are spherical in size and have the intrinsic cellular-fusogenic properties of VSV-G. Further, the NIR imaging displaying higher fluorescence intensity in NAVNs treated cells suggests enhanced cellular uptake and delivery of ICG by NAVNs compared to the free form of ICG. The overall study highlights the effectiveness of VSV-G-based VNPs as an efficient delivery system for NIR fluorescence imaging.Nanoflow liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (NanoLC-MS) has become the method of choice for the analysis of complex biological systems, especially when the available sample amount is limited. The preparation of high-performance capillary columns for nanoLC use is still a technical challenge. Here, we report a segmented microfluidic method for the preparation of packed capillary columns, where liquid segments were used as soft, dynamic, and well-dispersed slurry reservoirs for carrying and delivering micrometer packing particles. Based on this microfluidic packing technology, the column bed was assembled layer-by-layer at a 50 μm resolution, and ultralong capillary columns of 3, 5, and 10 m were fabricated in such a manner. The microfluidically packed columns demonstrated excellent separation efficiencies of 116 000 plates/m. The higher efficiencies obtained at higher slurry concentrations also indicate that a high-quality packed bed can be obtained without sacrificing the packing speed. Kinetic performance limit analysis shows that the microfluidic packed columns have higher peak capacity production efficiency in the high-resolution region, presenting an improved separation impedance of 2800, which is significantly better than columns packed with the conventional slurry packing method. In comparison with a commercial nanoLC column, a 5 m long microfluidic packed column was evaluated for proteomic analysis using a standard HeLa protein digest and presented 261% improvement in peptide identification capability, resulting in significantly enhanced protein identification confidence.In the presence of copper sulfate, the three-component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, ethylindole-3-acetate and 4-arylidene-5-methyl-2-phenylpyrazol-3-ones, in refluxing toluene afforded spiro[carbazole-3,4'-pyrazoles] in good yields with high diastereoselectivity. More importantly, the similar CuSO4 promoted the four-component reaction of two molecular aromatic aldehydes with ethylindole-3-acetate and 5-methyl-2-phenyl-pyrazol-3-one resulted in 2,4-diarylspiro[carbazole-3,4'-pyrazoles] in satisfactory yields. Additionally, CuSO4 promoted the four-component reaction of two molecular aromatic aldehydes, ethylindole-3-acetate and 2-phenylthiazol-4-one, in refluxing toluene gave 2,4-diarylspiro[carbazole-3,4'-thiazoles] with diastereomeric ratios in the range of 31 to 201.Alternate current electroluminescent (ACEL) devices provide a range of interesting properties, such as facile large-area processability, mechanical flexibility, and outstanding resilience, when compared with other large-area light-emitting technologies. To widen the scope of possible applications for ACEL devices, color tunability and white light emission are desirable. Here, we introduce a novel three-terminal device architecture based on two monolithically stacked ACEL devices (e.g., orange and blue) that allows for color tunability via independent operation of the subdevices. The tandem devices comprise semitransparent bottom and top electrodes based on networks of silver nanowires, which endow the tandem ACEL device with bifacial Janus-type emission. We provide a detailed analysis of the sources of optical losses in single and tandem ACEL devices. Our novel device concept enables novel facets of applications for ACEL in signage and lighting.Fluorinated olefins are valued chemicals in industry, especially as heat transfer fluids in refrigeration applications. find more As these volatile compounds are widely used, they may be released into the atmosphere, and investigation of their reactions in the atmosphere are therefore of importance. The kinetic analysis of the reaction mechanisms of trifluoroethene (CF2═CHF) with hydroxyl radicals is studied using computational chemistry at the M06-2X level with the 6-311++G(2d,d,p) and aug-cc-pVDZ basis sets as well as the composite CBS-QB3 method. Rate coefficients for the proposed mechanisms are calculated using transition state theory (TST) with tunneling corrections. The calculated rate constants for OH addition to CF2═CHF are in excellent agreement with experimental values. Kinetic parameters as a function of temperature and pressure are evaluated for the chemically activated formation and unimolecular dissociation of hydroxylfluoroalkyl intermediates. Important forward reactions result in adduct stabilization, H atoms, hydrogen fluoride (HF) via molecular elimination, and formation of fluorinated carbonyl radicals with CF2(═O) and CHF(═O) product channels. Stabilization of initial adducts along with HF elimination are important reaction pathways under high pressure and low temperatures. Important HF eliminations and H atom transfers primarily involve H atoms from the hydroxyl group, as the C-H bonds on or adjacent to carbons with F atoms are stronger and show high barriers to H atom transfer.It is still a challenge to achieve efficiently controlled preparation of functional oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) carbon electrocatalysts with multi-preferred structures (hierarchically porous networks and specific carbon-nitrogen bonds) from carbohydrate-containing small molecules via simple one-step pyrolysis. Based on the step-by-step spontaneous gas-foaming strategy, we successfully prepare 3D hierarchically porous networks with tunable N sites (NP/NG ≈ 11) by pyrolyzing diverse carbohydrates (glucose, maltose, and cyclodextrin) using nonmetal-metal dual inorganic sacrificial templates. In situ evaporation templates can simplify the procedure of the experiments and avoid the active site loss compared with traditional hard templates. Crucially, dual inorganic sacrificial templates can induce abundant defects and microscopic pore structures (the specific surface area increased from 922.403 to 1898.792 m2·g-1) and tunable N sites compared with single nonmetal sacrificial templates. The regulatory mechanism of dual inorganic templates on N sites (NP/NG ≈ 11) is independent of the polymeric state of carbohydrate precursors or even the carbonization condition of the pyrolysis process.