Floodjennings3426

This study investigates the learning outcomes for peer reviewers participating in a manuscript review continuing medical education (CME) process. CME from serving as a peer reviewer is one of the many benefits of serving as a reviewer.

This is a descriptive study retrospectively analysing learning outcomes self-reported by peer reviewers from 2013 to 2017 using a CME assessment framework.

Participant data are from 1985 peer reviewers who completed 2413 manuscript reviews over 32 medical journals from 2013 to 2017 and completed the CME process after their prepublication manuscript review. see more 417 reviewer responses were practice behaviour change(s) that were studied in depth using an assessment framework on changes in knowledge, competence and performance.

The results show positive learning outcomes reported by reviewers at the knowledge, competence and performance behaviour levels as a result of reviewing manuscripts. Higher levels of learning outcomes are more frequently achieved when reviewers consult ms when conducting reviews, which is an added benefit and resource to help professionals continue their development.

To determine if adults with overweight or obesity received counselling from their healthcare providers (HCPs) to lose weight and/or adopt healthful behaviours associated with weight loss, and whether they took action on their HCPs' recommendations.

Cross-sectional analysis of 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.

NHANES respondents aged 18+ who were overweight/obese and had seen an HCP in the previous 12 months (n=13 158).

Respondents reported if their HCPs recommended they control/lose weight, increase exercise/physical activity (PA) and/or reduce fat/calorie intake, and if they adopted the offered recommendation(s). Weighted logistic regression models examined receipt of HCP counselling by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and weight status accounting for demographic characteristics and complex sampling. Similar analyses examined reported adoption of HCPs' recommendations.

The sample was 53.1% women, 45.0% were overweight and 55.0% had obesity. In total, 40.4% received dations tailored to the social contexts of populations less likely to adopt weight control related recommendations.

Most respondents did not receive HCP counselling, and approximately half of those who received counselling reported taking action. HCPs may need training to provide counselling and to offer recommendations tailored to the social contexts of populations less likely to adopt weight control related recommendations.

Psoriasis is a life-long, immune-mediated disease that greatly reduces the quality of life of patients. Plaque psoriasis is the most common form of psoriasis. Treatment options for plaque psoriasis with good tolerance and sufficient response remain profoundly limited. Based on mechanistic findings that suggest the key pathogenic role of interleukin (IL)-17 in plaque psoriasis, we hypothesise that GR1501, a new monoclonal antibody (IL-17A targeted), will be an efficacious treatment for plaque psoriasis. This phase I/II trial aims to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity and preliminary efficacy of GR1501.

A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase I/II dose escalation and expansion trial will be conducted at four hospitals in China. In total, 226 patients with plaque psoriasis will be enrolled in the study, with 46 cases in the dose-escalation stage and 180 cases randomised to GR1501 or the placebo in a 31 ratio in the expansion cohort. The primary outcomes are safety and tolerability; the secondary outcomes include pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity and efficacy.

The study is in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the ethics approvals of the protocol have been obtained from the ethics committees of all participating centres, including Peking University People's Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University and the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. The findings of the study will be presented in published journals or at scientific conferences or meetings.

ChiCTR1800017956.

ChiCTR1800017956.

Lower urinary tract reconstruction in paediatric urology represents a physiologically stressful event that is associated with high complication rates, including readmissions and emergency room visits. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol is a set of multidisciplinary, perioperative strategies designed to expedite surgical recovery without adversely impacting readmission or reoperation rates. Early paediatric urology data demonstrated ERAS reduced complications in this population.

In 2016, a working group of paediatric urologists and anaesthesiologists convened to develop an ERAS protocol suitable for patients undergoing lower urinary tract reconstruction and define study process measures, patient-reported outcomes and clinically relevant outcomes in paediatric and adolescent/young adult patients. A multicentre, prospective, propensity-matched, case-control study design was chosen. Each centre will enrol five pilot patients to verify implementation. Subsequent enrolled patients will be propensitediatric surgical care arise. We anticipate this study will take 4 years to fully accrue with completed follow-up.

NCT03245242; Pre-results.

NCT03245242; Pre-results.

Fly ash is a waste product generated from burning coal for electricity. It is comprised of spherical particles ranging in size from 0.1 µm to over 100 µm in diameter that contain trace levels of heavy metals. Large countries such as China and India generate over 100 million tons per year while smaller countries like Italy and France generate 2 to 3 million tons per year. The USA generates over 36 million tons of ash, making it one of the largest industrial waste streams in the nation. Fly ash is stored in landfills and surface impoundments exposing communities to fugitive dust and heavy metals that leach into the groundwater. Limited information exists on the health impact of exposure to fly ash. This protocol represents the first research to assess children's exposure to coal fly ash and neurobehavioural outcomes.

We measure indoor exposure to fly ash and heavy metals, and neurobehavioural symptoms in children aged 6 to 14 years old. Using air pollution samplers and lift tape samples, we collect particul data from 267 children who live within 10 miles of two power plants. Children are at a greater risk for environmental exposure which justifies the rationale for this study. Results of this study will be distributed at conferences, in peer-reviewed journals and to the participants of the study.

Cross-sectional, observational survey to describe the impact of allergic rhinitis (AR) on Australian children (2 to 15 years).

Participants (n=1541), parents of children aged 2 to 15 years, provided information on behalf of themselves and one eligible child in their household using a custom-built online questionnaire. Children were allocated to case (AR) or control (No AR) analysis groups based on a validated screening questionnaire.

The study sample was stratified on age primary analysis population (6 to 15 years, n=1111; AR=797, No AR=314); exploratory population (2 to 5 years). The primary endpoint, parent-perceived burden, was quantified using a validated measure of health status and analysed via comparison of means.

The majority of AR cases were treated (730/797; 90.3%) and classified as having moderate-severe, intermittent AR (549/797; 68.9%). Half reported adequate symptom control in the prior 2 weeks (389/797; 48.8%; OR=4.04; 95% CI (CI) 2.24 to 7.31). Having AR was associated with worse overats many areas of day-to-day living. Inadequate symptom control is a key driver of the extent of this impact. Opportunities to optimise the management of AR in children include the adoption of self-assessment tools to gauge and monitor adequacy of symptom control.

The global research group, DIPLOMATIC (Using eviDence, Implementation science, and a clinical trial PLatform to Optimise MATernal and newborn health in low Income Countries), aims to reduce stillbirths and preterm births and optimise outcomes for babies born preterm. Minimum datasets for routine data collection in healthcare facilities participating in DIPLOMATIC (initially in Malawi) were designed to assist understanding of baseline maternal and neonatal care processes and outcomes, and facilitate evaluation of improvement interventions and pragmatic clinical trials.

Published and grey literature was reviewed alongside extensive in-country consultation to define relevant clinical best practice guidance, and the existing local data and reporting infrastructure, to identify requirements for the minimum datasets. Data elements were subjected to iterative rounds of consultation with topic experts in Malawi and Scotland, the relevant Malawian professional bodies and the Ministry of Health in Malawi to ensure erpin a learning healthcare system approach in low-income settings.DIPLOMATIC is funded by the UK National Institute for Health Research.

Poor quality routine data on care processes and outcomes constrain healthcare system improvement. The datasets developed for implementation in DIPLOMATIC partner facilities reflect, and hence support delivery of, internationally agreed best practice for maternal and newborn care in low-income settings. Informed by extensive consultation, they are designed to integrate with existing local data infrastructure and reporting as well as meeting research data needs. This work provides a transferable example of strengthening data infrastructure to underpin a learning healthcare system approach in low-income settings.DIPLOMATIC is funded by the UK National Institute for Health Research.

To investigate how the type and number of long-term conditions (LTCs) impact on all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Population-based longitudinal cohort study.

UK Biobank.

UK Biobank participants (n=502 533) aged between 37 and 73 years old.

Primary outcome measures were risk of all-cause mortality and MACE.

We examined the relationship between LTC count and individual comorbid LTCs (n=42) on adverse clinical outcomes in participants with self-reported RA (n=5658). Risk of all-cause mortality and MACE were compared using Cox's proportional hazard models adjusted for lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity), demographic factors (sex, age, socioeconomic status) and rheumatoid factor.

75.7% of participants with RA had multimorbidity and these individuals were at increased risk of all-cause mortality and MACE. RA and

4 LTCs showed a threefold increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 3.30, 95% CI 2.61 toosteroids could not be evaluated in this study. These results are clinically relevant for the monitoring and management of RA across the healthcare system, and future clinical guidelines for RA should acknowledge the importance of multimorbidity.

This study explored factors that play a role in psychological adaptation and recovery of young people with sarcoma.

Qualitative study.

National Health Service hospitals in the UK.

Using purposive sampling, participants were recruited for semistructured interviews over the telephone or face to face in order to answer questions about how cancer impacted various domains of their life. Data were analysed using a framework approach.

Thirty participants, aged 15-39 years with primary sarcoma diagnosis provided in-depth accounts of their experience. Emerging themes from the interviews were grouped into two overarching themes that relate to one's adaptation to illness individual level and environmental level. The qualitative nature of our study sheds light on meaningful connections between various factors and their role in one's psychological adaptation to sarcoma. We devised a visual matrix to illustrate how risk and protective factors in adaptation vary between and within individuals.

This study demonstrates that young people with sarcoma report an array of both positive and negative factors related to their illness experience.