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nera_incertae_sedis were significantly higher than control and surrounding soil. 5) Organic matter, pH, EC, total nitrogen, total potas-sium, Cd and As significantly affected bacterial diversity and component abundance in cattle manure. Soil pH, total phosphorus and Hg significantly influenced soil bacterial diversity and component abundance. On the whole, the effects of physicochemical properties in cattle manure and soil on bacterial community were more significant than heavy metals. Our results could provide scientific basis for selecting the variety and dosage of feed and veterinary drugs in local cattle farms, as well as the rational application of organic fertilizers.Sedum plumbizincicola is a Cd and Zn hyperaccumulator, widely used for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil. NVP-TAE684 molecular weight Bacillus megaterium, a phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, can promote plant growth and improve the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil, and thus has a strengthening effect on the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil. Here, a pot experiment was carried out with S. plumbizincicola as a hyperaccumulator to investigate the effects of different inoculation amounts (10-60 mL) of B. megaterium on the phytoremediation efficiency of Cd-contaminated farmland soils. The results showed that inoculation of B. megaterium increased soil available Cd content by 15.0%-45.0% compared with the CK. Biomass of shoots and roots of S. plumbizincicola increased by 8.7%-66.7% and 13.6%-81.8%, respectively. Shoot Cd concentration was significantly increased by the application of B. megaterium by 29.2%-60.4%. Under the conditions of S. plumbizincicola inoculated with B. megaterium, Cd removal rate of soil reached 26.7%-42.9%. In conclusion, application of B. megaterium in phytoremediation significantly enhanced the Cd removal efficiency and increased plant biomass, which promoted Cd remediation efficiency.We examined the effects of biochar and effective mircoorganisms (EM) application on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Sesbania cannabina in the Yellow River Delta, by a pot experiment with different EM treatments (without EM addition, EM-; with EM addition, EM+) and a gradient of biochar treatments (0, B0; 0.5%, B1; 1.5%, B2; 3%, B3; biochar weight/soil weight). The growth parameters, photosynthetic light response curve and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of S. cannabina were measured. The results showed that the EM+B3 treatment had the best effect among all the treatments. Compared with the EM-B0 treatment, the EM+B3 treatment increased height, stem diameter, and total biomass by 69.5%, 90.0% and 141.1%, respectively. Biochar and EM significantly improved photosynthetic capacity. Compared with the EM-B0 treatment, the EM+B3 treatment significantly enhanced the maximum light response of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, and stomatal conductance by 93.8%, 35.1%, 43.4%, and 34.8%, respectively. Biochar and EM improved the parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence. Compared with the EM-B0 treatment, the EM+B3 treatment significantly increased the potential photochemical efficiency, the actual photochemical efficiency, the apparent electron transport rate and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient by 25.8%, 31.5%, 37.2%, and 56.8%, respectively. The parameters of growth, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence increased with the increasing biochar under EM+ treatments, whereas the B3 treatment had negative effect under EM- treatments. The co-addition of EM and 3% biochar (EM+B3) could improve the photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of S. cannabina, broaden light ecological amplitude, boost the water retention and drought resistance property, and promote the growth of S. cannabina.We investigated the effects of dicyandiamide (DCD) on the growth and Cd concentrations in pakchoi cultivated under different instant soluble N fertilizers [ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and sodium nitrate (11, ammonium/nitrate), and urea] in Cd-contaminated soils. The results showed that the fresh weight of the edible parts of Cd-stressed pakchoi were increased by 583.3%, 41.5%, and 206.8% under ammonium, ammonium/nitrate, and urea treatments in the presence of DCD, respectively compared with control, and the tolerance index and photosynthetic rate significantly increased, whereas no significant changes were observed under nitrate supply. Under all N treatments with DCD, the MDA and H2O2 contents and the superoxide radical production rate in the leaves of pakchoi were decreased, with the highest reduction occurred in ammonium and urea treatments. Cd concentrations in the leaves of pakchoi fertilized with ammonium, ammonium/nitrate, and urea were lowered by 58.3%, 34.0%, and 44.5% and those in the petioles were lowered by 61.8%, 29.4%, and 55.6%, respectively. Cd concentration in the leaves and petioles of pakchoi in the nitrate treatment did not differ significantly from control. These changes could be attributable to the reduction in the acidification of rhizosphere soil in response to the combined application of N fertilizer and DCD. Accordingly, in Cd-contaminated soils with a low buffering capacity, the application of DCD combined with ammonium, ammonium/nitrate, or urea N fertili-zers could alleviate Cd-induced growth stress and inhibit photosynthesis in pakchoi plants and effectively minimize the Cd accumulation.In this study, we examined the effects of dazomet fumigation with different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 g·kg-1) on the microbial characteristics of continuous cropping soil and growth of Malus hupehensis seedling in greenhouse and open-field pot. The results showed that all the treatment of dazomet fumigation could promote the growth of M. hupehensis seedlings in continuous cropping soil, with 0.2 g·kg-1 treatment showing the strongest effect. Compared to the control, plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of M. hupehensis seedlings in 0.2 g·kg-1 dazomet fumigation were increased by 192.9% and 91.8%, 72.8% and 60.1%, 196.8% and 195.0%, 138.5% and 130.7%, respectively in greenhouse and open-field. The root related indices (root length, root area, root volume, root respiration rate) were significantly promoted. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT in roots were increased by 114.6% and 118.5%, 123.5% and 107.6%, 164.6% and 175.6% respectively compared with the control, whereas the content of malondialdehyde was significantly lowered.