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ulate the pharmacokinetic profiles and toxicity of hCES2A-substrate drugs (such as the anticancer agent irinotecan).

Small-animal single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) systems with multi-pinhole collimation and large stationary detectors have advantages compared to systems with moving small detectors. These systems benefit from less labour-intensive maintenance and quality control as fewer prone parts are moving, higher accuracy for focused scans and maintaining high resolution with increased sensitivity due to focused pinholes on the field of view. This study aims to investigate the performance of a novel ultra-high-resolution scanner with two-detector configuration (U-SPECT5-E) and to compare its image quality to a conventional micro-SPECT system with three stationary detectors (U-SPECT

).

The new U-SPECT5-E with two stationary detectors was used for acquiring data with

Tc-filled point source, hot-rod and uniformity phantoms to analyse sensitivity, spatial resolution, uniformity and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Three dedicated multi-pinhole mouse collimators with 75 pinholes each and 0.25-, 0.60- andnly achieved by XUHR-M. GP-M was superior for imaging rods sized from 0.60 to 1.50 mm for intermediate activity concentrations. U-SPECT5-E and U-SPECT

both provided comparable CNR.

While uniformity and sensitivity are negatively affected by the absence of a third detector, the investigated U-SPECT5-E system with two stationary detectors delivers excellent spatial resolution and CNR comparable to the performance of an established three-detector-setup.

While uniformity and sensitivity are negatively affected by the absence of a third detector, the investigated U-SPECT5-E system with two stationary detectors delivers excellent spatial resolution and CNR comparable to the performance of an established three-detector-setup.The study describes the development of a new multiplex PCR system that simultaneously amplifies 16 X chromosome short tandem repeats (X-STRs) loci in a single PCR reaction and its applicability on a sample of 200 from the Sinhalese population in Sri Lanka. 13 X-STR loci located in four clusters are selected for the assay (DXS10148-DXS10135-DXS8378, DXS7132-DXS10079-DXS10074-DXS10075, DXS6801-DXS6809-DXS6789 and DXS7424-DXS101-DXS7133). In addition, three single loci were also selected (DXS9902, HPRTB and DXS7423). Genomic DNA extracted using the Chelex-100 method was amplified with modified published primers and subjected to capillary gel electrophoresis. Complete DNA profiles were obtained with 0.20 ng 9947A DNA and the band sizes ranged between 100 and 320 bp with 10 loci having sizes below 237 bp. A total of 160 alleles were observed among the sample with 5-23 alleles for each locus. The forensic efficiency evaluation showed high values for the combined power of discrimination in males (1 in 1 × 1010) and females (1 in 1 × 1017). Combined mean exclusion chance (MEC) indices calculated for deficiency, normal trio and duo cases were equally high (> 0.99999). Application of the new multiplex system to two actual kinship cases of full sibling and deficient paternity suggested that these 16 short tandem repeat loci are highly appropriate for forensic and kinship testing among the Sinhalese population.

We have previously demonstrated by MRI that high glucose stimulates efflux of zinc ions from the prostate. To our knowledge, this phenomena had not been reported previously and the mechanism remains unknown. Here, we report some initial observations that provide new insights into zinc processing during glucose-stimulated zinc secretion (GSZS) in the immortalized human prostate epithelial cell line, PNT1A. Additionally, we identified the subtypes of zinc-containing cells in human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue to further identify which cell types are likely responsible for zinc release in vivo.

An intracellular fluorescence marker, FluoZin-1-AM, was used to assess the different roles of ZnT1 and ZnT4 in zinc homeostasis in wild type (WT) and mRNA knockdown PNT1A cell lines. Additionally, Bafilomycin A1 (Baf) was used to disrupt lysosomes and assess the role of lysosomal storage during GSZS. KRT232 ZIMIR, an extracellular zinc-responsive fluorescent marker, was used to assess dynamic zinc efflux of WT auminal epithelial cells contained significant amounts of zinc storage granules.

Exposure of prostate epithelial cells to high glucose alters zinc homeostasis by inducing efflux of zinc ions via ZnT1 channels and increasing lysosomal storage via ZnT4. Given that prostate cancer cells undergo profound metabolic changes that result in reduced levels of total zinc, understanding the complex interplay between glucose exposure and zinc homeostasis in the prostate may provide new insights into the development of prostate carcinogenesis.

Exposure of prostate epithelial cells to high glucose alters zinc homeostasis by inducing efflux of zinc ions via ZnT1 channels and increasing lysosomal storage via ZnT4. Given that prostate cancer cells undergo profound metabolic changes that result in reduced levels of total zinc, understanding the complex interplay between glucose exposure and zinc homeostasis in the prostate may provide new insights into the development of prostate carcinogenesis.

The transplantation of pancreatic islets is a promising cell replacement therapy for type 1 diabetes. Subcutaneous islet transplantation is currently under investigation as a means to circumvent problems associated with standard intra-hepatic islet transplantation. As modifications are being developed to improve the efficacy of subcutaneous islet transplantation, it is important to have robust methods to assess engraftment. Experimentally, ATP-dependent bioluminescence imaging using luciferase reporter genes has been effective for non-invasively tracking engraftment. However, it was heretofore unknown if the bioluminescence of subcutaneously transplanted luciferase-expressing islet grafts correlates with diabetes reversal, a primary outcome of transplantation.

A retrospective analysis was conducted using data obtained from subcutaneous islet transplantations in Lewis rats. The analysis included transplantations from our laboratory in which islet donors were transgenic rats ubiquitously expressing luciferase and recipients were wild type, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.