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2% carried transferable quinolone determinants. Institutionalization in a nursing home was a risk factor for ESBLPE and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing O25b-ST131 E. coli carriage in individuals over 67 years (odds ratio 7.7 and 14.1). Previous antibiotic use and skin ulcers were significantly associated with ESBLPE carriage in NHR. Age less then 25 years in PDR and amoxicillin/clavulanate exposure in NHR protected against ESBL-producing O25b-ST131 E. coli colonization. Only two PDR, with known risk factors, bore OXA-48-producing isolates. These results highlight the role of nonhospitalized intestinal carriers, particularly NHR, as ESBLPE reservoirs and the preponderance of CTX-M-15, mainly linked to O25b-ST131 clone, as well as the emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales carriers.Hans Schmoll speaks to Rachel Jenkins, Managing Commissioning Editor. Over four decades of professional activity, Hans has become one of the most highly esteemed and influential medical oncologists in Germany. As Editor of the German standard reference book for medical and multidisciplinary oncology (6000 pages) [1], he has defined treatment standards and education in medical oncology in the German speaking countries. His work as a research scientist has covered numerous fields in medical oncology, in particular, genitourinary and gastrointestinal cancers, where he has defined worldwide standards for the management of germ-cell cancer and early and late stages of colon cancer. Within the European Society of Medical Oncology, he served on the Executive Board as founding chair of the Multidisciplinary Oncology Committee and as scientific chair of the Istanbul European Society of Medical Oncology Congress 2006.

Patients with cancer experienced reduced health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), increased work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI), and indirect costs. find more With the current emphasis on economic evaluation of health technology in Japan, it is important to understand how indirect costs correlate with HRQoL and patient characteristics. It is also crucial to assess the patient characteristics associated with the HRQoL, WPAI, and indirect costs among patients with any types of cancer.

This cross-sectional study used data from the 2017 Japan National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS). Respondents self-reported their HRQoL and WPAI by answering validated SF-12v2 and WPAI questionnaires, respectively. Indirect costs were derived using the human capital method. Correlation between HRQoL components and indirect costs were assessed using Spearman's rank-order correlation. Correlation between patient characteristics and HRQoL, WPAI, and indirect costs were analyzed using generalized linear models.

A total of 1s in Japan.

The negative correlation between HRQoL and indirect costs among patients with cancer emphasized the needs to improve health outcomes and reduce indirect costs of patients. The factors associated with cancer burden identified in this study provide insights to allow targeted intervention to improve HRQoL and lessen the WPAI and indirect cost among cancer patients in Japan.Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental disorder. Traditional diagnosis of ASD is typically performed through the observation of behaviors and interview of a patient. However, these diagnosis methods are time-consuming and can be misleading sometimes. Integrating machine learning algorithms with neuroimages, a diagnosis method, can possibly be established to detect ASD subjects from typical control subjects. In this study, we develop deep learning methods for diagnosis of ASD from functional brain networks constructed with brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. The entire Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange 1 (ABIDE 1) data set is utilized to investigate the performance of our proposed methods. First, we construct the brain networks from brain fMRI images and define the raw features based on such brain networks. Second, we employ an autoencoder (AE) to learn the advanced features from the raw features. Third, we train a deep neural network (DNN) with the advanced features, which achieves the classification accuracy of 76.2% and the receiving operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 79.7%. As a comparison, we also apply the same advanced features to train several traditional machine learning algorithms to benchmark the classification performance. Finally, we combine the DNN with the pretrained AE and train it with the raw features, which achieves the classification accuracy of 79.2% and the AUC of 82.4%. These results show that our proposed deep learning methods outperform the state-of-the-art methods.Background Exclusive breastfeeding is the optimal manner of early infant nutrition but women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) often experience challenges with lactation in the early postpartum period. Increases in the colostral metabolites of lactose and citrate have been found to indicate increased milk production. Materials and Methods A follow-up study of 133 postpartum women with and without GDM was conducted to examine differences in specific colostral metabolite levels using enzymatic methods to determine transition to lactogenesis II during the first week postpartum. We used linear mixed models for repeated measures over time to examine the effect of GDM on colostral metabolite levels at baseline and follow-up with fixed effects of GDM status, time, covariates, and interactions between time and GDM, between time and time, and between time, time and GDM into the model allowing quadratic trends over time. Results Over time, lactose and citrate levels increased for all mothers (p  less then  0.001 and p  less then  0.001, respectively), although mothers with GDM had consistently lower lactose and citrate levels compared with nondiabetic mothers (p = 0.004 and p = 0.014, respectively). Age, prepregnancy body mass index, mode of birth, and parity did not independently influence colostral concentrations of lactose and citrate. Conclusions Findings suggest that the rate of change overtime in lactose and citrate concentrations differ by GDM status. Further research examining the trajectory of colostral metabolite levels by GDM status is warranted.