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This paper proposes various stages of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) besides its transmissibility and nonlinear incidence rate to develop an epidemic model. The authors plan the model, and then prove some basic results for the well-posedness in term of boundedness and positivity. Moreover, the authors find the threshold parameter R0, called the basic/effective reproductive number and carry out local sensitive analysis. Furthermore, the authors examine stability and hence condition for stability in terms of R0. By using sensitivity analysis, the authors formulate a control problem in order to eradicate HBV from the population and proved that the control problem actually exists. The complete characterization of the optimum system was achieved by using the 4th-order Runge-Kutta procedure.

This study is to estimate the prevalence and to determine the risk factors for neonatal Covid-19 infection.

Retrospective analysis of all deliveries in Covid-19-infected mothers in a tertiary care centre in North Kerala from 15 April 2020 to 15 October 2020.

Of the 350 Covid-19-positive pregnancies 223 delivered, two were intrauterine foetal demises. In total, 32 out of 221 newborns were Covid-19-positive (14.47%). The risk was more in vaginal delivery group (17.39%) compared to caesarean group (13.16%). The breastfeeding and rooming-in group (18.79%) had more infection than those babies who were not breastfed and separated from mother (1.78%).14 out of 86 (16.28%) babies delivered within 7days of mothers turning negative became positive compared to 2 out of 23 (8.7%) babies delivered between 7 and 14days of negative result (Odds ratio of 2.04). None of the babies delivered 14days after negative result has become positive.

The present study shows that neonatal Covid-19 infection is not rare. The risk is greater in vaginal delivery group and those babies who are breastfed and allowed to stay with mothers. Delaying delivery more than 7days after mother becoming negative protects the newborn from getting infection.

The present study shows that neonatal Covid-19 infection is not rare. The risk is greater in vaginal delivery group and those babies who are breastfed and allowed to stay with mothers. Delaying delivery more than 7 days after mother becoming negative protects the newborn from getting infection.This research was carried out to produce ethanol for use as a sanitizer in today's COVID-19 pandemic situation, via cost-effective and eco-friendly techniques. The waste of seasonal fruit, i.e. apple, grape and Indian blueberry, was used in the study. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) was used with KMnO4 (5%), sucrose (47 g) and urea (1.5 g) for the fermentation process. All the selected overripe fruits were analyzed for variations in parameters including specific gravity, pH, temperature and concentration during complete fermentation for ethanol production. After complete fermentation, it was clear that the use of Indian blueberry at a temperature of 33 °C, specific gravity of 0.875 and pH value of 5.2 yielded the highest ethanol concentration of 6.5%. The concentration of ethanol obtained from grape samples was 5.23% at 30 °C with specific gravity of 0.839 and pH 4.3. Lastly, the ethanol concentration obtained from apple waste was about 4.52% at 32 °C with specific gravity of 0.880 and pH of 4.7 pH. The FTIR curve of each sample shows an absorbance peak in a wave number range of 3000 cm-1 to 3500 cm-1, which indicates the absence of alcohol in the samples after fermentation.The impact of the novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has spanned across the various aspects of life globally. Understanding public reactions is vital for effective risk communication and outbreak control and prevention. The Arab world has diverse cultural, economic, and social structures, so public choices and decisions also vary. To investigate the changes in behavior related to food shopping and handling, precautions measures, and hygiene practices of the public during the pandemic, a web-based survey tool was developed and conducted on 1074 subjects in three Arab countries, Lebanon, Jordan, and Tunisia, using a snowball sampling technique. The results showed a significant reduction in RTE consumption during the pandemic, as shown in the 19.2% and 12.2% rise in the proportion of respondents not ordering hot and cold RTE food delivery, respectively. Compared to pre-COVID-19 times, a substantial increase in behaviors related to hygiene and disinfection practices (22.0%-32.2%) was observed with a lesser incd, and recommendations on following label instructions.The current pandemic period has triggered a series of changes in society, at both individual and collective behavioral levels. These changes were perceived as either positive or negative by the impacted bodies, leading to both social change and positive interactions in a tense context. In this paper, the authors will deal with Pandemica Panotpica, subjugation infiltrating all levels of society, and the approach adopted by several countries in trying to find countermeasures to combat the virus' proliferation. Our research scope began at the onset of the pandemic and ended on early January 2021.The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has spread to more than 200 countries worldwide, leading to more than 36 million confirmed cases as of October 10, 2020. 4-Hydroxytamoxifen cost As such, several machine learning models that can forecast the outbreak globally have been released. This work presents a review and brief analysis of the most important machine learning forecasting models against COVID-19. The work presented in this study possesses two parts. In the first section, a detailed scientometric analysis presents an influential tool for bibliometric analyses, which were performed on COVID-19 data from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. For the above-mentioned analysis, keywords and subject areas are addressed, while the classification of machine learning forecasting models, criteria evaluation, and comparison of solution approaches are discussed in the second section of the work. The conclusion and discussion are provided as the final sections of this study.