Fairclothdillon0695

The implementation of omics technologies such as genomics, proteomics and transcriptomics has revolutionized our understanding of microbiomes, and shed light on the functional attributes and mechanisms of action underlying the ability of probiotics to impact host health and starter cultures to drive food fermentation. Recently, molecular machines from CRISPR-Cas systems have redefined the gene editing toolbox and democritized our ability to alter the genome of food microorganisms. An integrated approach in which CRISPR-based genome editing is informed by omics studies is poised to enable the engineering of microorganisms and the formulation of microbiomes impacting the food supply chain. Here, we highlight the current applications of omics technologies in food microorganisms and CRISPR-based genome editing technologies in bacteria, and discuss how this integrated approach enables effective engineering of food microbes to generate enhanced probiotic strains, develop novel biotherapeutics and alter microbial communities in food matrices. OBJECTIVES Self-rated health and depressive symptoms have been shown to improve upon retirement. Participants with obesity might benefit more of retirement because of the extra work-related burden they are carrying. The present study aimed to investigate whether the association between retirement and health changes may depend upon obesity in the large French GAZEL occupational cohort during 21 years of follow-up. METHODS 17,655 men and women were included in the analyses. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gdc-0068.html Self-rated health was measured on a scale from 1 to 8 with 8 being very bad. Depressive symptoms were measured at four time points by the CES-D score. Mixed models examined the association of self-rated health or depressive symptoms with time (i.e. from -10 years before to +10 years after retirement), retirement, body mass index (BMI), and their interactions. RESULTS Regardless of retirement, BMI was associated with poorer health. Positive BMI by time interactions showed a less favorable time course of both health indicators in the presence versus the absence of obesity (0.024 versus 0.014 and - 0.19 versus -0.07 points per year for self-rated health and depressive symptoms, respectively). However, negative BMI by retirement interactions showed that the improvement of health observed upon retirement was stronger in with the presence versus the absence of obesity (-0.4 versus -0.3 and - 2.42 versus -1.70 points for self-rated health and depressive symptoms, respectively). CONCLUSION Improvement upon retirement was observed in the presence of obesity and was even higher than in the presence of normal weight and overweight. OBJECTIVE To explore Somali women's experiences of antenatal care in Norway. DESIGN A qualitative study based on individual semi-structured interviews conducted either face-to-face or over the phone. SETTING Norway. PARTICIPANTS Eight Somali-born women living in Norway. KEY FINDINGS Four themes were generated from the analysis. From their experiences of antenatal care in Norway, the Somali women described 1) when care was provided in a way that gained their trust, they made better use of the available health services, 2) the importance of continuity of care and of sharing commonalities with the caregiver, 3) a need for accessible information, specifically tailored to the needs of Somali women and 4) how culturally insensitive caregivers had a negative impact on the quality of care. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The Somali women in this study were grateful for the care provided, although the quality of antenatal care did not always meet their needs. This study should serve as a reminder of the importance of establishing trust between the pregnant woman and the caregiver, strengthening interpretation services and assuring tailored information is available to Somali women at an early stage. The findings further suggest that antenatal care for Somali women may be improved by offering continuity of care and improving clinical and cultural skills in clinicians. Suggestions for practice, and future research, include initiating group antenatal care especially tailored to Somali women. In the Netherlands, a percentage of newly qualified midwives start work in maternity care as a hospital-based midwife, although prepared particularly for working autonomously in the community. AIM This study aimed to explore newly qualified Dutch midwives' perceptions of their job demands and resources during their initiation to hospital-based practice. DESIGN We conducted a qualitative study with semi structured interviews using the Job Demands-Resources model as theoretical framework. METHODS Twenty-one newly qualified midwives working as hospital-based midwives in the Netherlands were interviewed individually between January and July 2018. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic content analysis. FINDINGS High workload, becoming a team member, learning additional medical procedures and job insecurity were perceived demands. Participants experienced the variety of the work, the teamwork, social support, working with women, and employment conditions as job resources. Openness for new experiences, sociability, calmness and accuracy were experienced as personal resources, and perfectionism, self-criticism, and fear of failure as personal demands. CONCLUSION Initiation to hospital-based practice requires from newly qualified midwives adaptation to new tasks working with women in medium and high-risk care, managing tasks, as well as often receiving training in additional medical skills. Sociability helps newly qualified midwives in becoming a member of a multidisciplinary team; neuroticism and perfectionism hinders them in their work. Clear expectations and a settling-in period may help newly qualified midwives to adapt to practice. The initiation phase could be better supported by preparing student midwives for working in a hospital setting and helping manage expectations about the settling-in period. OBJECTIVE To map the relevant literature and inform future research on the issues related to and experiences of pregnancy and maternity care for women who have been trafficked. DESIGN A scoping review was undertaken to identify literature on the issues and experiences of pregnancy and maternity care for women who have been trafficked. RESULTS 45 papers were identified and six key themes were derived from the literature the impact of trafficking on health; access to maternity care; experiences of maternity care; social factors; knowledge and experience of staff; and identification and referral. KEY CONCLUSIONS Women who have been trafficked are at risk of physical and emotional health issues that may affect maternal and fetal outcomes. Multiple barriers to care exist for women who have been trafficked, and social factors including housing, poverty and dispersal policies may impact upon both health and access to care. Healthcare staff do not feel adequately prepared to respond to the needs of this vulnerable group and no midwifery-specific guidance exists.